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Species of gastropod From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pseudofusulus varians is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae.
| Pseudofusulus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Common and albinistic colour forms of Pseudofusulus varians | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Clausiliidae |
| Subfamily: | Clausiliinae |
| Tribe: | Clausiliini |
| Genus: | Pseudofusulus Nordsieck, 1977[1] |
| Species: | P. varians |
| Binomial name | |
| Pseudofusulus varians (C. Pfeiffer, 1828)[2] | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
| |
Genus Pseudofusulus is monotypic genus (contains one species only) with Pseudofusulus varians as its type species.
It is a relict species from Atlantic period of the Holocene, inhabiting exclusively nature beech and scree forests in Europe.[4]
The distribution of this species is Eastern Alpine and Western Carpathian.[5] The type locality is the High Alps in Styria, Austria.[2]
The key area of its range is in the Western Alps (from the south-western part of the Alps to Croatia, and also to the Dolomites in the southern Tyrol).[4]
The shell is horny or greenish brown and finely ribbed.[7] The shell has 9–10 whorls.[7] The apertural margin is detached.[7] Columellaris is deep inside and forked, hardly visible in a perpendicular view.[7] Palatal wall is white and prominent.[7] There is no lunula.[7] Subcolumellaris is very close to basal furrow, visible in an oblique view.[7] Clausilium is not very concave.[7]
The width of the shell is 2.2–3 mm.[7] The height of the shell is 9–12 mm.[7]
Pseudofusulus varians is very exacting on the quality of its environment and its populations are small and quite scattered in the whole of its range.[4]
It lives in virgin-like forests[5] and old-growth forest with fallen dead wood (coarse woody debris) in montane and submontane.[4] It is found in humid and shady habitats in woods, under ground litter and stones, in mountains.[7] In the Czech Republic it is strictly associated with trees, restricted to undisturbed and hardly accessible natural beech forests.[7] Pseudofusulus varians is strictly dendrophilous species, so the main threat is dead wood removing and clearcutting.[4]
As it is endangered in the whole Europe, it is very important to protect its modern sites.[4]
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