Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress

The Provincial Executive Committees (PECs) of the African National Congress (ANC) are the chief executive organs of the party's nine provincial branches. Comprising the so-called “Top Five” provincial officials and up to 30 additional elected members, each is structured similarly to the party's National Executive Committee (NEC) and is elected every four years at party provincial conferences.

Provincial Executive Committees of the African National Congress
Type
Type	Executive organs of the nine provinces of the African National Congress
Leadership
Free State Chairperson	Mxolisi Dukwana
KwaZulu-Natal Chairperson	Siboniso Duma
North West Chairperson	Nono Maloyi
Mpumalanga Chairperson	Mandla Ndlovu
Gauteng Chairperson	Panyaza Lesufi
Limpopo Chairperson	Stanley Mathabatha
Eastern Cape Chairperson	Oscar Mabuyane
Western Cape Chairperson	Vuyiso Tyhalisisu
Northern Cape Chairperson	Zamani Saul
Structure
Seats	35
Length of term	4 years
Authority	National Executive Committee of the African National Congress
Website
anc1912.org.za/provincial

The “Top Five” officials at the head of each PEC are the ANC Provincial Chairperson, the political leader of the party in the province; the ANC Provincial Secretary, a full-time party functionary; their respective deputies; and the Provincial Treasurer. With some notable exceptions, especially under President Thabo Mbeki, the Provincial Chairperson often becomes the ANC's candidate for election as Premier in the corresponding provincial government, and other members of the PEC are often appointed to the provincial cabinet as Members of the Executive Council.

Structure and election

Since its early history in the 1910s, the African National Congress (ANC) has had a quasi-federal structure, with an organisational hierarchy of local branches, regions, and provinces all falling under the overall leadership of the party's national executive. In its contemporary incarnation, the precise form of this hierarchy dates to the mid-1990s, when the party – recently unbanned by the apartheid government and returned from exile to South Africa – was restructured to align with the post-apartheid South African political system. The party therefore developed nine provincial branches which correspond to the nine provinces of South Africa.^[1] In each province, the ANC is led by a Provincial Executive Committee (PEC), which is described in the party's constitution as the party's "highest organ" in that province; the PECs are similar in structure (though inferior) to the party's National Executive Committee (PEC).^[2]

In terms of the constitution, the PECs' functions include policy implementation, management of provincial party funds, and selection of provincial party candidates for government elections. Each PEC may also supervise and direct all ANC organs in its province, including local and regional party branches and ANC caucuses in provincial and local governments.^[2] Much of a PEC's day-to-day work is carried out by the Provincial Working Committee, which the PEC elects from among its members at the beginning of each term.^[2]

Each PEC itself comprises no more than 35 elected members, including five officials. These are elected by secret ballot at a regular provincial conference, analogous to the party's national conference, attended by delegates who represent each of the local party branches in the province. In recent years, a PEC's constitutional term is four years, so each province is required to hold a conference at least every four years.^[2] PEC members are required to have been ANC members in good standing for at least seven years and, in line with the ANC's policy of applying internal gender quotas, at least half of every PEC's members must be women. In addition, the party constitution provides for some unelected persons to sit on the PECs: the leader(s) of each region in the province are represented as ex officio members, as are the provincial leaders of the ANC's three leagues (the Women's League, the Youth League, and the Veterans' League); each elected PEC may also co-opt up to three additional members to ensure "balanced representation".^[2] The size and term of the PECs have varied since 1994 with constitutional amendments: under the 1997 ANC constitution, for example, PECs comprised no more than 18 elected members serving three-year terms.^[3]

In terms of the party constitution, PECs are ultimately subordinate to the NEC, which must ensure that they function "democratically and effectively" and which may suspend or dissolve any PEC "where necessary".^[2] This provision is commonly applied during factional crises, particularly when this means that the affected province is not able to hold its conference timeously and the PEC exceeds its four-year term. If a PEC is disbanded, the constitution prescribes that a new PEC must be elected within nine months and that the NEC must appoint "an interim structure" – commonly referred to as a provincial task team – to lead the province until then.^[2] In practice, this nine-month deadline is not always met; in the Western Cape, for example, an unelected task team installed in 2019 still controlled the province in 2022.^[4]

Top Five officials

Each PEC is led by the so-called "Top Five" officials in the province, who are elected with the rest of the PEC at the provincial conference. These are the chairperson, deputy chairperson, secretary, deputy secretary, and treasurer.^[2] The Top Five is analogous to the NEC's Top Six, with the provincial chairperson and deputy chairperson positions corresponding to the national presidency and deputy presidency, but with no provincial position corresponding to the national chairmanship.^[2]

The provincial chairperson is therefore the provincial party leader, responsible for overall political leadership of the province. The provincial secretary position is also highly influential.^[5] A full-time salaried ANC functionary,^[2] the provincial secretary is responsible, among other things, for auditing and verifying local ANC branches, a process which often has significant import for the outcomes of provincial and national conferences. In the past, the support of provincial chairpersons and secretaries has been decisive for the candidacies of national leaders – as was arguably the case with the election of Jacob Zuma as ANC president at the 52nd National Conference in 2007^[6] and the election of Cyril Ramaphosa at the 54th National Conference in 2017.

Each provincial chairperson and secretary is also an ex officio member of the NEC.^[2] However, any ANC member who is directly elected or co-opted onto the NEC cannot take up his seat unless he resigns from any subnational offices he holds in the ANC.^[2] In the past, the party constitution allowed for exceptions in "extraordinary circumstances";^[3] Jacob Zuma claimed that this provision was written to allow him to serve simultaneously as national chairperson and KwaZulu-Natal provincial chairperson, which he did from 1994 to 1998.^[7]

"Two centres of power"

In most phases of South Africa's post-apartheid history, it has been typical for the provincial chairperson of the ANC to become the ANC's candidate for the premiership, the head of the provincial executive, in the government of their respective province.^[8] Each premier is indirectly elected by the provincial legislature, but ANC legislative caucuses take their instructions from the party; the premier in turn has the power to appoint his provincial cabinet, the Executive Council, and typically appoints colleagues from the ANC PEC as provincial ministers. These norms are "a matter of stated convention not embedded in the law but consistent with it",^[1] and have historically been controversial within the ANC and in broader society.

Pursuant to South Africa's first democratic election in 1994, the ANC won power and formed a government in all but two of the country's new provinces. During this period, the national leadership of the ANC, under president Nelson Mandela, sought to link the position of provincial party chairperson with the position of premier, arguing that the linkage would strengthen local democracy, as local members of the ANC (at that time the majority party in most provinces) would thereby have greater participation in selecting their premiers.^[1] In practice, however, the national ANC achieved this linkage not by foregoing control over the selection of premiers but by extending its control over the selection of party chairpersons: in the early and mid-1990s, the national ANC expended much energy persuading and negotiating with local members and leaders to have their preferred premier candidates elected as provincial chairs.^[1][9] After the 1994 election, only two ANC members – Raymond Mhlaba in the Eastern Cape and Mosuioa Lekota in the Free State – became premier in their respective provinces without winning election to the party chairmanship. Both Mhlaba and Lekota were given "special attention" by the national leadership, who lobbied for their election to the NEC at the party's 49th National Conference in December 1994.^[1]

Critics accused ANC president Thabo Mbeki of creating "two centres of power" when he appointed premiers who were not ANC provincial chairs.

In 1998, the NEC – then led by Thabo Mbeki, who had been elected ANC president in 1997 – endorsed a formal proposal to "delink" the positions of provincial chairperson and premier.^[10] Provincial chairpersons would no longer automatically become the ANC's presumptive candidates for the premiership.^[1][11] Mbeki explained that the ANC was "more concerned with the ability to run the provincial administration than the popularity of the individual".^[9] In the next general elections in 1999 and 2004, which also saw Mbeki elected as president of South Africa, this new policy was applied and was generally extremely poorly received within the ANC: members and subnational leaders resented what they perceived as "the imposition of relative outsiders as premiers".^[9] In the Free State, for example, supporters of longstanding ANC provincial chairperson Ace Magashule battled with a series of premiers viewed as Mbeki acolytes.^[12] The ANC and national media began to debate the so-called "two centres of power" theory, which held that the delinkage had created two centres of power in each province, one in the party and one in the state, which led to tensions within the party and undermined the efficacy and cohesiveness of governance by the state. In later years, Mbeki called this argument "faulty", said it had been "cooked up in order to achieve particular objectives", and defended his policy as necessary to entrench the separation of party and state.^[8]

Although the "two centres of power" notion originated to explain subnational discord in the ANC,^[12] the debate was applied to national politics when it became clear that Mbeki intended to run for a third president as ANC president in 2007 even though the national Constitution precluded his running for another term as national president. Those who opposed Mbeki's re-election argued that it would create two centres of power in the national ANC and would therefore be disruptive.^[13][14][8] At the 52nd National Conference in 2007, Mbeki lost his re-election bid to Jacob Zuma, who set about restoring the ANC as the single so-called centre of power,^[6] facilitated by resolutions taken at the same conference: the conference formally resolved that henceforth the ANC president would be the ANC's candidate for national president and that premiers would be selected by the NEC from a list of three names submitted by the province's PEC.^[8][15]

List of current leaders

The current chairpersons of the ANC's nine provinces are:

• Free State: Mxolisi Dukwana (2023–)
• KwaZulu-Natal: Siboniso Duma (2022–)
• North West: Nono Maloyi (2022–)
• Mpumalanga: Mandla Ndlovu (acting 2018–2022, elected 2022–)
• Gauteng: Panyaza Lesufi (2022–)
• Eastern Cape: Oscar Mabuyane (2017–)
• Western Cape: Vuyiso JJ Tyhalisisu (2023–)
• Northern Cape: Zamani Saul (2017–)
• Limpopo: Stan Mathabatha (2014–)

List of former leaders

In 2005, Edna Molewa of the North West became the first woman to hold a provincial chairmanship in the ANC;^[16] she remained the only woman to do so as of 2022. As of 2022, Ace Magashule held the party's record for longest tenure as provincial chairperson;^[17] he led the Free State province from 1998 to 2017, although during that period the NEC dissolved his PEC and replaced it with an interim body on more than one occasion.^[12][18][19] When the national executive takes this recourse, the term of the Top Five officials also end and the province is led by an unelected task team convenor rather than an elected chairperson.

Free State

Election of Free State Top Five officials (1994–2023)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Pat Matosa	Ace Magashule	Kaiser Sebothelo	Anna Buthelezi	Aaron Mnguni	Sebothelo died in 1996.	[12][20]
1997	Zingile Dingani	Ben Kotsoane	Sello Dithebe	Baarde Tsoai	Doctor Monareng		[12][11][20]
1998	Ace Magashule	Casca Mokitlane	Paul Mahlatsi	Vax Mayekiso	Tate Makgoe	PEC dissolved in 2000	[21][22][23]
2002	Ace Magashule	Casca Mokitlane	Pat Matosa	Charlotte Pheko-Lobe	Mxolisi Dukwana		[24][25]
2005	Ace Magashule	Pat Matosa	Charlotte Pheko-Lobe	Sibongile Besani	Mxolisi Dukwana	Pheko-Lobe resigned in 2008.	[26][27]
2008	Ace Magashule	Thabo Manyoni	Sibongile Besani	Mamiki Qabathe	Mxolisi Dukwana		[28][29][30][31]
2012	Ace Magashule	Thabo Manyoni	William Bulwane	Mamiki Qabathe	Msebenzi Zwane	Election results nullified later in 2012	[32][33][34][21]
2013	Ace Magashule	Thabo Manyoni	William Bulwane	Mamiki Qabathe	Msebenzi Zwane		[34]
2017	Ace Magashule	Paseka Nompondo	William Bulwane	Mamiki Qabathe	Msebenzi Zwane	Election results nullified later in 2017	[35][36][19]
2018	Sam Mashinini	William Bulwane	Paseka Nompondo	Mamiki Qabathe	Sisi Ntombela	PEC dissolved in 2021	[37][38]
2023	Mxolisi Dukwana	Ketso Makume	Polediso Motsoeneng	Dibolelo Mahlatsi	Mathabo Leeto		[39]

KwaZulu-Natal

Election of KwaZulu-Natal Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Jacob Zuma	Zibuse Mlaba	Senzo Mchunu	Sifiso Nkabinde	Zweli Mkhize		[20][7]
1996	Jacob Zuma	S'bu Ndebele	Sipho Gcabashe	Bheki Cele	Zweli Mkhize		[20][40][41][7]
1998	S'bu Ndebele	Zweli Mkhize	Sipho Gcabashe	Senzo Mchunu	Mike Mabuyakhulu		[23][42][41][43]
2002	S'bu Ndebele	Zweli Mkhize	Sipho Gcabashe	Senzo Mchunu	Mike Mabuyakhulu		[42][44][45]
2005	S'bu Ndebele	Zweli Mkhize	Senzo Mchunu	Mbuso Kubheka	Mike Mabuyakhulu		[46]
2008	Zweli Mkhize	Willies Mchunu	Senzo Mchunu	Sihle Zikalala	Peggy Nkonyeni	Zikalala replaced Senzo Mchunu in 2009.	[47][48]
2012	Zweli Mkhize	Willies Mchunu	Sihle Zikalala	Nomusa Dube-Ncube	Peggy Nkonyeni	Senzo Mchunu replaced Mkhize in 2013.	[49][50][51][52]
2015	Sihle Zikalala	Willies Mchunu	Super Zuma	Mluleki Ndobe	Nomusa Dube-Ncube	Election results nullified in 2018	[53][54]
2018	Sihle Zikalala	Mike Mabuyakhulu	Mdumiseni Ntuli	Sipho Hlomuka	Nomusa Dube-Ncube		[55]
2022	Siboniso Duma	Nomagugu Simelane	Bheki Mtolo	Sipho Hlomuka	Ntuthuko Mahlaba		[56]

The 20 additional members of the KwaZulu-Natal PEC as elected in 2012 were Senzo Mchunu, Siyabonga Cwele, Ina Cronje, Bheki Ntuli, Ntombikayise Sibhidla-Saphetha, Lydia Johnson, Ravi Pillay, Mildred Oliphant, Lungi Gcabashe, Jabu Khumalo, Mthandeni Dlungwane, Nomvuzo Shabalala, Ester Qwabe, Hlengiwe Mavimbela, Mxolisi Kaunda, Bongi Sithole, Senzo Mkhize, Lindiwe Njoko, Sipho Gcabashe, and Nigel Gumede.^[57][58]

The 30 additional members elected in 2015 (and removed in 2018) were Fikile Khumalo, Bheki Mtolo, Mervyn Dirks, Lydia Johnson, Makhosi Zungu, Nomagugu Simelane-Zulu, Weziwe Thusi, Duduzile Mazibuko, Nontembeko Boyce, Celiwe Madlopha, Maggie Govender, Makhoni Ntuli, Khulani Hadebe, Mkhawuleni Khumalo, Vincent Madlala, Siphindile Zondi, Arthur Zwane, Zanele Nyawo, Jabu Khumalo, Bongi Sithole-Moloi, Senzo Mkhize, Sipho Gcabashe, Mxolisi Kaunda, Sduduzo Gumede, Mdumiseni Ntuli, Meshack Radebe, Lindiwe Mjobo, Ravi Pillay, Phumzile Zulu, and Ester Qwabe.^[59]

The 30 additional members elected in 2022 were Peggy Nkonyeni, Mdumiseni Ntuli, Nomusa Dube-Ncube, Nonhlanhla Khoza, Nhlakanipho Ntombela, Super Zuma, Nomakiki Majola, Nobuhle Nkabane, Bheki Ntuli, Nolubabalo Mthembu, Ndodephethe Mthethwa, Sizophila Mkhize, Mafika Mndebele, Khonza Ngidi, Jomo Sibiya, Celiwe Madlopha, Sbongile Khathi, Ntobeko Boyce, Makhosi Zungu, Londolo Zungu, Masenti Myeni, Kwazi Mshengu, Mxolisi Kaunda, Mbali Frazer, Bongi Moloi, Amanda Mapena, Mzi Zuma, Zinhle Cele and Tholi Gwala.^[60]

North West

Election of North West Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Popo Molefe	Malose Lehobye	Ndleleni Duma	Kgotso Kgasu	Maureen Modiselle		[20][61]
1996	Popo Molefe	Johannes Tselapedi	Ndleleni Duma	Joe Selau	Maureen Modiselle		[20][62]
1998	Popo Molefe	Jerry Thibedi	Siphiwe Ngwenya	Jomo Khasu	Martin Kuscus		[23]
2002	Popo Molefe	Jerry Thibedi	Siphiwe Ngwenya	Molefi Sefularo	Edna Molewa		[63][64]
2005	Edna Molewa	Molefi Sefularo	Supra Mahumapelo	Ndleleni Duma	Maureen Modiselle		[16][65][66][67]
2008	Nono Maloyi	Molefi Sefularo	Supra Mahumapelo	Nikiwe Num	Rebecca Kasienyane	PEC dissolved in 2009	[31][68][69]
2011	Supra Mahumapelo	China Dodovu	Kabelo Mataboge	Gordon Kegakilwe	Philly Mapulane	In 2013, Dakota Legoete replaced Mataboge and Susan Tsebe Dantjie replaced Mapulane.	[70][71]
2015	Supra Mahumapelo	Sello Lehari	Dakota Legoete	Susan Tsebe Dantjie	Kgakgamatso Morwagaswe	PEC dissolved in 2018	[72][73]
2022	Nono Maloyi	Lazzy Mokgosi	Louis Diremelo	Viola Motsumi	Sello Lehari		[73]

Mpumalanga

Election of Mpumalanga Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Mathews Phosa	Jacques Modipane	Solly Zwane	January Masilela	Ka Shabangu		[20][74]
1996	Mathews Phosa	Jacques Modipane	Solly Zwane	Jeri Ngomane	Ka Shabangu		[20]
1999	Ndaweni Mahlangu	David Mabuza	Solly Zwane	Siphosezwe Masango	Jeri Ngomane		[75][76][77]
2002	Fish Mahlalela	William Lubisi	Lucas Mello	Busi Coleman	David Mkhwanazi		[24][77][78]
2005	Thabang Makwetla	David Mabuza	Lucas Mello	Dina Pule	David Mkhwanazi		[79][80][65][81]
2008	David Mabuza	Charles Makola	Lucky Ndinisa	Nana Dlamini	Clifford Mkasi		[82][83]
2012	David Mabuza	David Dube	Lucky Ndinisa	Violet Siwela	Andries Gamede		[84][85]
2015	David Mabuza	Violet Siwela	Mandla Ndlovu	Lindiwe Ntshalintshali	Vusi Shongwe	Ndlovu replaced Mabuza in an acting capacity in 2018; Ntshalintshali became acting secretary.	[86][87]
2022	Mandla Ndlovu	Speedy Mashilo	Muzi Chirwa	Lindiwe Ntshalintshali	Mandla Msibi	Mashilo became acting treasurer later in 2022 when Msibi stepped aside.Sibongile Makhushe was appointed acting Treasurer, after the suspension of Msibi from the PEC.	[88][89]

Gauteng

Election of Gauteng Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Tokyo Sexwale	Mathole Motshekga	Paul Mashatile	Obed Bapela	Mohammed Dangor		[20]
1996	Tokyo Sexwale	Mathole Motshekga	Paul Mashatile	Obed Bapela	Amos Masondo	Motshekga replaced Sexwale in 1997.	[20][90][91][92]
1998	Mathole Motshekga	Paul Mashatile	Obed Bapela	Mandla Nkomfe	Joyce Kgoali	PEC dissolved in 2000	[23][75][93][94]
2001	Mbhazima Shilowa	Angie Motshekga	David Makhura	Mandla Nkomfe	Lindiwe Maseko		[11][95][96][97][98]
2004	Mbhazima Shilowa	Angie Motshekga	David Makhura	Mandla Nkomfe	Lindiwe Maseko		[99][97][100]
2007	Paul Mashatile	Nomvula Mokonyane	David Makhura	Mandla Nkomfe	Lindiwe Maseko		[100][97][101][31]
2010	Paul Mashatile	Gwen Ramokgopa	David Makhura	Humphrey Mmemezi	Ntombi Mekgwe		[102][103]
2014	Paul Mashatile	David Makhura	Hope Papo	Gwen Ramokgopa	Ntombi Mekgwe		[104]
2018	David Makhura	Panyaza Lesufi	Jacob Khawe	Nomantu Nkomo-Ralehoko	Parks Tau		[105]
2022	Panyaza Lesufi	Nomantu Nkomo-Ralehoko	Thembinkosi "TK" Nciza	Tasneem Motara	Morakane Mosupyoe		[106]

The 30 additional members of the Gauteng PEC as elected in 2018 were Ntombi Mekgwe, Khusela Diko, Kgosientso Ramokgopa, Lebogang Maile, Matome Chiloane, Boyce Maneli, Robert Mashego, Bandile Masuku, Rebecca Digamela, Tasneem Motara, Judith Tshabalala, Refiloe Kekana, Pretty Xaba, Mapiti Matsena, Bones Modise, Lindiwe Lasindwa, Dolly Ledwaba, Ezra Letsoalo, Peace Mabe, Dipuo Mvelase, Tshilidzi Munyai, Qedani Mahlangu, Kedibone Diale, Mbali Hlophe, Nomvuyo Mhlakaza, Mzi Khumalo, Morakane Mosupyoe, Hope Papo, Brian Hlongwa, and Gogo Ndlovana.^[107]

The 30 additional members of the Gauteng PEC as elected in 2022 were Bandile Masuku, Lebogang Maile, Mbali Hlophe, Nomathemba Mokgethi, Matome Chiloane, Nomvuyo Mhlakaza, Mzi Khumalo, Paul Mojapelo, Tebogo Letsie, Ntombi Mekgwe, Peace Mabe, Khusela Diko, Kedibone Diale, Nathi Congwane, Nonceba Molwele, Greg Schneemann, Judith Tshabalala, Joyce Boshomane, Vuyo Mhaga, Lesego Makhubela, Honours Mukhari, Thulani Ndlovu, Bones Modise, Ezra Letsoalo, Tshilidzi Munyai, Jane Mananiso, Pretty Xaba, Andiswa Mosai, Rebecca Digamela, and Gogo Ndlovana.^[108]

Eastern Cape

Election of Eastern Cape Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Dumisani Mafu	Mzwandile Masala	Bongani Gxilishe	Mahlubandile Qwase	Khuilile Mpahlaza		[20][109]
1996	Makhenkesi Stofile	Stone Sizani	Humphrey Maxegwana	Mahlubandile Qwase	Noxolo Kiviet		[20]
1998	Makhenkesi Stofile	Stone Sizani	Humphrey Maxegwana	Mahlubandile Qwase	Noxolo Kiviet	Results of the 2002 elective conference were annulled.	[23][110][111]
2003	Makhenkesi Stofile	Enoch Godongwana	Humphrey Maxegwana	Mbulelo Sogoni			[112][113][114][115]
2006	Stone Sizani	Mbulelo Sogoni	Siphatho Handi	Pemmy Majodina	Tokozile Xasa	Handi resigned in 2008.	[31][116][117][118][119]
2009	Phumulo Masualle	Gugile Nkwinti	Oscar Mabuyane	Helen Sauls-August	Thandiswa Marawu		[120][121]
2013	Phumulo Masualle	Sakhumzi Somyo	Oscar Mabuyane	Helen Sauls-August	Thandiswa Marawu		[122][123]
2017	Oscar Mabuyane	Mlungisi Mvoko	Lulama Ngcukaitobi	Helen Sauls-August	Babalo Madikizela		[124][125]
2022	Oscar Mabuyane	Mlungisi Mvoko	Lulama Ngcukaitobi	Helen Sauls-August	Zolile Williams		[126][127]

The 30 additional members of the Eastern Cape PEC as elected in 2022 were Fundile Gade, Bukiwe Fanta, Nonceba Kontsiwe, Nqabisa Gantsho, Loyiso Magqashela, Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams, Nomakhosazana Meth, Xolile Nqatha, Lindelwa Dunjwa, Lindiwe Gunuza, Sixolile Mehlomakhulu, Sisisi Tolashe, William Ngozi, Nanziwe Rulashe, Yanga Zicina, Nonkqubela Pieters, Virginia Camealio-Benjamin, Clara Yekiso, Avela Mjajubana, Sindile Toni, Thandekile Sabisa, Siphokazi Mani-Lusithi, Nozibele Nyalambisa, Thokozile Sokanyile, Nontuthuzelo Maqubela, Mthetheleli Sam, Nomhle Sango, Siyabulela Zangqa, Mpumelelo Khuzwayo, and Andile Lungisa.^[128]

Western Cape

Election of Western Cape Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Chris Nissen	Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka	James Ngculu	Manfred van Rooyen	Lulamile Xate		[20][129]
1996	Dullah Omar	Nomaindia Mfeketho	James Ngculu	Marius Fransman	Ebrahim Rasool		[20][130][131][132]
1998	Ebrahim Rasool	Nomaindia Mfeketho	Mcebisi Skwatsha	Marius Fransman	Rhoda Joemat		[23][133][134]
2001	Ebrahim Rasool	Nomatyala Hangana	Mcebisi Skwatsha	Marius Fransman	Lynne Brown		[95][135][136]
2005	James Ngculu	Randall van den Heever	Mcebisi Skwatsha	Max Ozinsky	Lynne Brown		[137][138][139][140]
2008	Mcebisi Skwatsha	Lynne Brown	Sipho Kroma	Max Ozinsky	Songezo Mjongile	PEC dissolved in 2009	[141][142][143][144]
2011	Marius Fransman	Abe Bekeer	Songezo Mjongile	Maureen Gillion	Fezile Calana		[145][146]
2015	Marius Fransman	Khaya Magaxa	Faiez Jacobs	Thandi Manikivana	Maureen Gillion	Fransman was suspended in 2016. The PEC was dissolved in 2019.	[147][148][149][150][4]
2023	Vuyiso JJ Tyhalisisu	Sharon Davids	Neville Delport	Ayanda Bans	Derrick Appel		[151]

Northern Cape

Election of Northern Cape Top Five officials (1994–2021)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Manne Dipico	Godfrey Oliphant	William Steenkamp	Kenneth Khumalo	Modise Matlaopane		[20][152]
1996	Manne Dipico	Godfrey Oliphant	John Block	Fred Wyngaardt	Dipuo Peters		[20]
1998	Manne Dipico	John Block	Neville Mompati	Fred Wyngaardt	Dipuo Peters		[23]
2001	Manne Dipico	John Block	Neville Mompati	Fred Wyngaardt	Dipuo Peters	In 2003, Dipico was replaced by Block and then (in an acting capacity) by Peters.	[95][153][154][155]
2004	John Block	Fred Wyngaardt	Neville Mompati	Zamani Saul	Tina Joemat-Pettersson		[65][156][157][158]
2008	John Block	Kenny Mmoiemang	Zamani Saul	Alvin Botes	Yolanda Botha		[159]
2012	John Block	Kenny Mmoiemang	Zamani Saul	Alvin Botes	Yolanda Botha	In 2015, Sylvia Lucas replaced Botha and Block resigned.	[160][161][162][163][164]
2017	Zamani Saul	Bentley Vass	Deshi Ngxanga	Maruping Lekwene	Fufe Makatong		[162][165]
2021	Zamani Saul	Bentley Vass	Deshi Ngxanga	Maruping Lekwene	Fufe Makatong		[166]

Limpopo

Election of Limpopo Top Five officials (1994–2022)

Conference	Chairperson	Deputy chairperson	Secretary	Deputy secretary	Treasurer	Notes	Ref.
1994	Ngoako Ramatlhodi	Joe Phaahla	Collins Chabane	Benny Boshielo	Sam Rampedi		[20][167][168]
1996	George Mashamba	Joe Phaahla	Collins Chabane	Benny Boshielo	Jerry Ndou		[20][169][170][1][171]
1998	Ngoako Ramatlhodi	Robert Malavi	Benny Boshielo	Jerry Ndou	Tshenuwani Farisani	PEC dissolved in 2001	[23][172]
2002	Ngoako Ramatlhodi	Joyce Mashamba	Cassel Mathale		Thaba Mufamadi		[173][174][175]
2005	Sello Moloto	Joyce Mashamba	Cassel Mathale	Maite Nkoana-Mashabane	De Wet Monakedi		[176][177][174]
2008	Cassel Mathale	Dickson Masemola	Joe Maswanganyi	Pinky Kekana	Dipuo Letsatsi		[178][179]
2011	Cassel Mathale	Dickson Masemola	Soviet Lekganyane	Florence Radzilani	Pinky Kekana	PEC dissolved in 2013	[180][181][182]
2014	Stan Mathabatha	Jerry Ndou	Nocks Seabi	Makoma Makhurupetje	Thembi Nwendamutswu	In 2015, Nwendamutswu was replaced by Danny Msiza.	[183][184][185]
2018	Stan Mathabatha	Florence Radzilani	Soviet Lekganyane	Basikopo Makamu	Danny Msiza		[186]
2022	Stan Mathabatha	Florence Radzilani	Rueben Madadzhe	Basikopo Makamu	Nakedi Sibanda-Kekana		[187]

The 30 additional members of the Limpopo PEC as elected in 2018 were Dickson Masemola, Phophi Ramathuba, Thabo Mokone, Rodgers Monama, Jerry Ndou, Nkakareng Rakgoale, Falaza Mdaka, Polly Boshielo, Mapula Mokaba, Seaparo Sekoati, Donald Selamolela, Joshua Matlou, Tolly Mashamaite, Nandi Ndalane, Thandi Moraka, Lehlogonolo Masoga, Kennedy Tshivase, Simon Mathe, Rudolph Phala, Rosinah Mogotlane, Sarah Lamola, Violet Mathye, Mavhungu Lerule-Ramakhanya, Makoma Makhurupetje, Johanna Aphiri, Andrina Matsimela, Lilliet Mamaregane, Maria Thamaga, Monicca Mochadi and Caroline Mahasela.^[188]

The 30 additional members of the Limpopo PEC as elected in 2022 were Phophi Ramathuba, Makoma Makhurupetje, Thabo Mokone, Mavhungu Lerule-Ramakhanya, Rodgers Monama, Nkakareng Rakgoale, Jimmy Machaka, Falaza Mdaka, Simon Mathe, Morris Mataboge, Bella Kupa, Kate Bilankulu, Mapula Mokaba, Caroline Mahasela, Mpho Mudau, Maria Thamaga, Essop Mokgonyana, Jeremiah Ngobeni, Violet Mathye, Rosemary Molapo, Cherries Pokane, Kedibone Lebea, Reggie Mokokomme, Solomon Pheedi, Kathutshelo Netshifefe, Soviet Lekganyane, Frans Mokwele, Khumbudzo Ntshavheni, Maropene Ramokgopa and Sunny Dlovu.^[189]

See also

• History of the African National Congress
• National Executive Committee of the African National Congress
• Presidents of the African National Congress Women's League
• Presidents of the African National Congress Youth League
• Step-aside rule

References

1. Hawker, Geoffrey (2000). "Political Leadership in the ANC: The South African Provinces 1994-1999". The Journal of Modern African Studies. 38 (4): 631–658. doi:10.1017/S0022278X00003463. ISSN 0022-278X. JSTOR 161512.
2. "African National Congress Constitution, as amended and adopted by the 54th National Conference" (PDF). 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
3. "African National Congress Constitution, as amended by and adopted at the 50th National Conference". 1997. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
4. "Western Cape ANC has still not held its provincial conference". Business Day. 2 May 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
5. "ANC provincial secretaries fear their powers will be usurped". The Mail & Guardian. 1 February 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
6. Booysen, Susan (2011). The African National Congress and the Regeneration of Political Power. Johannesburg. pp. 72–73, 364–366. ISBN 978-1-86814-553-9. OCLC 912309765.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
7. "Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, Mr". South African Government. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
8. Marrian, Natasha (3 June 2021). "Behind Thabo Mbeki's 'I told you so'". Business Day. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
9. Lodge, Tom (2005). "Provincial Government and State Authority in South Africa". Journal of Southern African Studies. 31 (4): 737–753. doi:10.1080/03057070500370480. ISSN 0305-7070. JSTOR 25065044. S2CID 154784252.
10. "Ramatlhodi supports decision to de-link ANC chair from premiership". African Eye News Service. 17 August 1998. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
11. Lodge, Tom (2003). Politics in South Africa: From Mandela to Mbeki. New Africa Books. pp. 43–46. ISBN 978-0-86486-505-2.
12. Twala, Chitja (1 January 2005). "The demon of factionalism in an African National Congress (ANC)-led Free State Province (1994-2004): a reality?". Journal for Contemporary History. 30 (3): 109–131. hdl:10520/EJC28366.
13. Nxumalo, Singabakho (4 July 2007). "Two centres of power". News24. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
14. "ANC debates two centres of power". The Mail & Guardian. 27 June 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
15. "52nd National Conference: Resolutions". African National Congress. 20 December 2007. Retrieved 29 November 2022. At provincial government level, the PEC should recommend a pool of names of not more than three cadres in order of priority who should be considered for Premiership, and the NEC will make a final decision based on the pool of names submitted by the PEC... At national government level, Conference agrees that the ANC President shall be the candidate of the movement for President of the Republic. The prerogative of the President, premiers and mayors to appoint and release members of cabinet, executive councils and mayoral committees should be exercised after consultation with the leadership of the organisation.
16. "Bomo Edna Molewa, Ms". Presidency of the Republic of South Africa. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
17. "Ace Magashule". African National Congress. Archived from the original on 9 November 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020.
18. Merten, Marianne (24 June 2012). "Free State ANC meets amidst tension". IOL. Archived from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
19. "Free State ANC conference declared unlawful, 14 branches sanctioned". The Mail & Guardian. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
20. "50th National Conference: Report of the Secretary General". African National Congress. 17 December 1997. Archived from the original on 28 November 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
21. Merten, Marianne (2 April 2019). "Ace Magashule and the ANC election lists: Nineteen years of strife and manipulation". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
22. "Ace Magashule's stocks rise in Free State". The Mail & Guardian. 26 July 2002. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
23. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 27 October 1998. Archived from the original on 21 February 1999. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
24. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 26 September 2002. Archived from the original on 12 November 2002. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
25. "Ace Magashule's stocks rise in Free State". The Mail & Guardian. 26 July 2002. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
26. "It's a royal flush for Ace Magashule". IOL. 25 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
27. "ANC infighting lands Ace in court". The Mail & Guardian. 6 June 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
28. "No opposition as Free State ANC elects leaders". The Mail & Guardian. 24 July 2008. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
29. "Magashule looks set for FS seat". News24. 21 July 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
30. "Leadership race 'one-man show'". News24. 20 July 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
31. African National Congress (1 October 2008). "Statement: Names of ANC provincial office bearers". Politicsweb. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
32. "Faction aims to unseat Magashule". The Mail & Guardian. 26 April 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
33. "Ace set to win Free State for JZ". The Mail & Guardian. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
34. "Free State ANC re-elects controversial Ace Magashule". The Mail & Guardian. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
35. "Ace Magashule scores another term as Free State ANC leader". The Mail & Guardian. 12 December 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
36. Manyathela, Clement (12 December 2017). "Ace Magashule re-elected unopposed as FS leader". EWN. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
37. Moses, Andrew (20 May 2018). "Sam Mashinini elected Free State provincial chairperson". IOL. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
38. "Ramaphosa instructs dissolved Free State PEC to compromise". The Mail & Guardian. 9 April 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
39. Khumalo, Juniour (22 January 2023). "Mxolisi Dukwana emerges as ANC Free State chair after hotly-contested election". News24. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
40. "Valli Moosa shows iron fist". The Mail & Guardian. 6 December 1996. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
41. "KZN's new premier taking office". KwaZulu-Natal Department of Transport. 2004. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
42. "Long Road From KZN To Mangaung". African National Congress. 9 October 2012. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
43. Ngalwa, Sibusiso (28 October 2007). "Line-up of ANC's would-be kingmakers". IOL. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
44. Vapi, Xolisa (2 September 2002). "Ndebele wins ANC chair in KZN by 17 votes". IOL. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
45. "S'bu or Zweli in KZN?". The Mail & Guardian. 7 August 2002. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
46. "ANC leaders re-elected in KwaZulu-Natal". The Mail & Guardian. 16 May 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
47. "Zweli Mkhize now ANC's top man in KZN". The Mail & Guardian. 21 June 2008. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
48. "Statement by the African National Congress in KwaZulu-Natal on the Provincial General Council Meeting". Polity. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
49. "Mkhize re-elected as ANC chair in KZN". SABC News. 12 May 2012. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013.
50. Munusamy, Ranjeni (14 May 2012). "KZN hearts JZ – and isn't afraid to show it". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
51. "Senzo Mchunu is new ANC KZN Chair". eNCA. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
52. "Senzo Mchunu narrowly wins KZN chair". The Mail & Guardian. 24 March 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
53. "Sihle Zikalala ANC KZN's new chairperson". News24. 8 November 2015. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
54. News24 (15 December 2017). "NDZ loses out on KZN PEC votes". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 30 November 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
55. "ANC KZN Top 5 elected after shaky start to conference". News24. 21 July 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
56. Mtshali, Samkelo (24 July 2022). "Chair Sihle Zikalala out, as Taliban faction makes a clean sweep of top five positions at ANC KZN conference". IOL. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
57. Oliphant, Nathi (20 May 2012). "KZN names its new executive committee". Sunday Tribune. Retrieved 8 January 2023 – via PressReader.
58. 7th Provincial Conference Resolutions (PDF). KwaZulu-Natal African National Congress. 2013. p. 4. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
59. "Super Zuma says new ANC KZN leadership to hit the ground running". Politicsweb. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
60. "Ex-chair Sihle Zikalala fails to make it into ANC KZN provincial executive committee". SowetanLIVE. Retrieved 25 January 2023.
61. Montsho, Molaole (23 November 2018). "Former ANC North West provincial secretary Ndleleni Duma dies". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
62. "ANC rivals square up in North West". Business Day. 5 August 1998. Retrieved 28 November 2022 – via AllAfrica.
63. "Molefe on the skids". The Mail & Guardian. 5 June 2002. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
64. "UDF strikes back in North West". The Mail & Guardian. 20 June 2002. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
65. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 12 July 2005. Archived from the original on 18 August 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
66. "From teacher to minister: Molewa's life was one of service". News24. 22 September 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
67. Stone, Setumo (5 March 2017). "Supra Mahumapelo: The 'black Jesus' of North West". City Press. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
68. "ANC disbands committee in 'unstable' North West". The Mail & Guardian. 19 July 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
69. Ngalwa, Sibusiso (12 May 2008). "ANC battle for control cripples conference". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
70. "Supra Mahumapelo elected as North West ANC leader". The Mail & Guardian. 13 February 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
71. "Legoete elected ANC NW provincial secretary". The Mail & Guardian. 26 November 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
72. "Supra Mahumapelo re-elected ANC North West leader". The Mail & Guardian. 14 February 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
73. "ANC North West elects Supra Mahumapelo-endorsed top 5". Sowetan. 15 August 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
74. Yende, Sizwe sama (30 March 2020). "'Money, lavish lifestyles' behind violence at ANC meetings in Mpumalanga". City Press. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
75. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 8 May 2000. Archived from the original on 26 August 2000. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
76. "Mahlangu takes over ANC chair from Phosa". IOL. 10 October 1999. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
77. "Scramble for Mpumalanga posts". The Mail & Guardian. 22 March 2002. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
78. "Mahlalela bears no grudges". News24. 25 March 2002. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
79. "Scramble for Top ANC Jobs in Volatile Province". Business Day. 9 June 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
80. "'Mbeki man' gets top job". News24. 19 June 2005. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
81. "Ms Dina Pule". ITU. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
82. "By Mpumalanga, for Mpumalanga". The Mail & Guardian. 26 August 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
83. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 2008. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
84. "Mabuza re-elected Mpuma ANC leader". News24. 7 April 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
85. "Re-elected ANC Mpumalanga chair Mabuza will not purge opponents". News24. 7 April 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
86. "Mabuza re-elected ANC Mpumalanga chairperson unopposed". eNCA. 13 December 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
87. Yende, Sizwe Sama (27 February 2018). "Mabuza backing Ndlovu is 'un-ANC, undemocratic and unbecoming'". City Press. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
88. Madisa, Kgothatso (2 April 2022). "Mandla Ndlovu is ANC's new provincial chairperson in Mpumalanga". Business Day. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
89. "ANC Provincial Executive Committee in Mpumalanga appoints Mashilo to act as Treasurer". SABC News. 7 April 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
90. "Shenanigans over Gauteng premier continue". The Mail & Guardian. 19 September 1997. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
91. "Motshekga's landslide win". The Mail & Guardian. 29 September 1997. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
92. "Paul Mashatile: Fees kickback?". The Mail & Guardian. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
93. "Paul Mashatile gets set to leave Gauteng after being named ANC treasurer-general". Business Day. 18 December 2017. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
94. "A battle for power in the regions". The Mail & Guardian. 26 April 2001. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
95. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 12 November 2001. Archived from the original on 10 January 2002. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
96. "ANC Gauteng moves to eliminate internal rifts". The Mail & Guardian. 16 November 2001. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
97. "Lindiwe Maseko". Manzi Mashatile Foundation. 17 March 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
98. "Challengers for Shilowa". The Mail & Guardian. 26 October 2001. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
99. "ANC lashed over Gauteng border plan". IOL. 13 December 2004. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
100. "Battle for the top ANC post in Gauteng begins". The Mail & Guardian. 27 September 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
101. Brkic, Branko (22 December 2009). "Paul Mashatile, the incredible vanishing man". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
102. Brkic, Branko (8 May 2010). "Paul (The Survivor) Mashatile trounces Nomvula (Still The Premier) Mokonyane". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
103. "Mashatile retains position as ANC chairperson". The Mail & Guardian. 8 May 2010. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
104. "Mashatile retains ANC Gauteng top post". Business Day. 4 October 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
105. Hunter, Qaanitah (22 July 2018). "David Makhura's unopposed ANC Gauteng victory – another beginning, another election to be fought". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
106. Nkosi, Nomazima (27 June 2022). "Three women in ANC top 5 as Lesufi wins chair". Sowetan. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
107. "ANC Gauteng province on the successful 13th provincial conference". Polity. 23 July 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
108. Banda, Michelle (11 July 2022). "ANC Gauteng elects PEC members as new chair Panyaza Lesufi calls for party unity". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
109. "Thousands pay homage to fallen comrade". Dispatch. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
110. "E Cape ANC elections stalled again". The Mail & Guardian. 4 April 2003. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
111. "Behind the ANC's crackdown in E-Cape". The Mail & Guardian. 21 November 2002. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
112. "Stofile re-elected by wide margin". News24. 26 April 2003. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
113. "RIP Rev Makhenkesi Arnold Stofile". South African Government. 15 August 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
114. "Eastern Cape ANC Repeats Results of Scrapped Election". Sunday Times. 27 April 2003. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
115. "Meet Premier Sogoni". The Mail & Guardian. 26 July 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
116. "Stage set for tense ANC election battle in Eastern Cape". The Mail & Guardian. 11 September 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
117. "Clearer view from inside ANC". Dispatch. 18 April 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
118. "Stone Sizani named as Eastern Cape ANC leader". The Mail & Guardian. 3 December 2006. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
119. "Top ANC Provincial Secretary Defects". Business Day. 3 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
120. "ANC wrestles with funding at Eastern Cape conference". The Mail & Guardian. 14 September 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
121. "Masualle is not 'seeking revenge'". The Mail & Guardian. 19 September 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
122. "Ex-Eastern Cape MEC says internal party battles 'forced' her to join ATM". IOL. 11 March 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
123. "Spotted: ANC's quiet Eastern Cape conference". The Mail & Guardian. 4 July 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
124. Plessis, Carien du (29 September 2017). "ANC Leadership Race: Battleground Eastern Cape". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
125. "Oscar Mabuyane elected chair as a challenge to #ANCECConference looms". The Mail & Guardian. 1 October 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
126. Vuso, Siphokazi (9 May 2022). "Mabuyane re-elected as ANC provincial chairperson in the EC". IOL. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
127. "Oscar Mabuyane makes a clean sweep at ANC Eastern Cape conference". The Mail & Guardian. 9 May 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
128. "Statement on the outcomes of the 9th Eastern Cape Provincial Conference". African National Congress. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
129. "Tussle for top ANC post in Cape leadership". The Mail & Guardian. 26 July 1996. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
130. Sefara, Makhudu (27 October 2003). "Who's reached the end of the line?". IOL. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
131. "Race is on for Cape ANC throne". The Mail & Guardian. 6 February 1998. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
132. "Rasool frontrunner to fill Omar's shoes". The Mail & Guardian. 3 April 1998. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
133. "Younger leaders "Jerusalema" document moves to unseat ANC 'old guard' in the W Cape". IOL. 21 August 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
134. "Power battles strain W Cape ANC". The Mail & Guardian. 22 April 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
135. "Battle for ANC leadership in W Cape". The Mail & Guardian. 4 October 2001. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
136. "ANC and NNP jump into bed". IOL. 27 October 2001. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
137. "Rasool ousted as ANC Western Cape chairperson". The Mail & Guardian. 12 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
138. "A province says no". Africa Confidential. 24 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
139. "Skwatsha: Leather jacket saved my life". The Mail & Guardian. 13 June 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
140. "Leader Who Put ANC Business Before His Own Wedding". Sunday Times. 26 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
141. Hartley, Aziz (26 September 2008). "Accusations fly as Skwatsha takes top job". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
142. "Western Cape ANC denies obvious rift". The Mail & Guardian. 29 September 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
143. Makinana, Andisiwe (20 July 2009). "Cronin lists reasons for ANC's axing of PEC". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
144. "ANC Western Cape conference only in 2011". The Mail & Guardian. 14 December 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
145. "Marius Fransman crowned Cape ANC chairperson". The Mail & Guardian. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
146. "Statement: Marius Fransman new WCape provincial chairperson". Politicsweb. 13 February 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
147. "Fransman re-elected as Western Cape ANC chair". News24. 28 June 2015. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
148. Thamm, Marianne (29 June 2015). "ANC Western Cape: New leadership brings diversity and damage control". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
149. "ANC suspends Marius Fransman for 5 years". News24. 10 November 2016. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
150. "ANC disbands Western Cape PEC as party loses patience with faction fights". Sunday Times. 2 August 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
151. Ludidi, Velani (25 June 2023). "ROAD TO 2024 ELECTIONS: Win back the Western Cape, Ramaphosa tells newly elected ANC provincial leaders". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
152. "Announcement of ANC Candidate Premiers". South African History Online. 23 April 1999. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
153. "Chaos in ANC branches". The Mail & Guardian. 21 September 2001. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
154. "Block quits amid graft claims". News24. 26 November 2004. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
155. "Ms Elizabeth Dipuo Peters". Parliament of the Republic of South Africa. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
156. "Block poised for comeback". The Mail & Guardian. 3 December 2004. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
157. "Comeback for disgraced Block?". The Mail & Guardian. 12 November 2004. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
158. "ANC hit by post-poll turmoil". The Mail & Guardian. 17 December 2004. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
159. "N Cape ANC leader re-elected". News24. 29 August 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
160. African National Congress (8 June 2012). "Statement: John Block re-elected ANC NCape chairperson". Politicsweb. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
161. Ndaba, Baldwin (4 October 2015). "Killing comes on eve of money talks". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
162. "Zamani Saul elected Northern Cape chairperson after shock withdrawal by Sylvia Lucas". The Mail & Guardian. 12 May 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
163. Hlongwane, Sipho (13 June 2012). "The ANC's John Block problem". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
164. "ANC's John Block resigns following corruption conviction". News24. 16 October 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
165. "Northern Cape ANC proxy war turns ugly". The Mail & Guardian. 12 May 2017. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
166. Nkosi, Ntombi (29 May 2021). "ANC Northern Cape re-elects Zamani Saul and co for another term". IOL. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
167. "Ngoako Abel Ramatlhodi". People's Assembly. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
168. "Challenge begins for premiership". The Mail & Guardian. 29 November 1996. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
169. "Chabane: A humble but wily politician". The Mail & Guardian. 20 March 2015. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
170. "Two faces of the north's Greek 'saint'". The Mail & Guardian. 14 March 1997. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
171. Yates, Teresa C. (1997). "Democracy Haunts the ANC" (PDF). ICWA Letters (TCY-6). Institute of Current World Affairs. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
172. Lodge, Tom (2003). "The ANC and the development of party politics in modern South Africa" (PDF). African Studies Centre Leiden. p. 19. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
173. "Ramatlhodi faces challenge". The Mail & Guardian. 25 October 2002. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
174. "Mr Cassel Charlie Mathale". Parliament of the Republic of South Africa. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
175. "ANC Provincial Office Bearers". African National Congress. 30 August 2004. Archived from the original on 19 October 2004. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
176. "Limpopo's Moloto Lands a Blow for 'Mbeki Premiers'". Business Day. 27 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via allAfrica.
177. "New executive for ANC". Zoutnet. 1 July 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
178. "Turn in Limpopo leadership battle". The Mail & Guardian. 21 July 2008. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
179. "Mathale elected as new ANC Limpopo chairperson". The Mail & Guardian. 20 July 2008. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
180. Nicolson, Greg (19 December 2011). "Polokwane 2011: Limpopo remains Malema's fortress". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
181. "ANC dissolves Limpopo leadership". News24. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
182. "Radzilani vying for top ANC position". Limpopo Mirror. 21 June 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
183. "Limpopo ANC elects their new leaders". Lowvelder. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
184. "Chupu Stanley Mathabatha, Mr". South African Government. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
185. Import, Pongrass (18 September 2015). "Meet the new ANC Provincial Treasurer". Polokwane Observer. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
186. "Florence new deputy chairperson of ANC in Limpopo". Limpopo Mirror. 28 June 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
187. Masuabi, Queenin (4 June 2022). "Stan Mathabatha wins third term but ANC to mull over Limpopo premiership succession plan". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
188. "Additionals on ANC's new provincial executive announced". Polokwane Observer. 26 June 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
189. Import, Pongrass (10 June 2022). "Smooth sailing at ANC Limpopo's 10th elective conference". Review. Retrieved 23 January 2023.