demolished by October 8, 1937. St. Peter's Basilica was now freely visible from the Castel Sant'Angelo. After the spina, almost all the buildings south of
Thomas Schöpf [de] (1520–1577), city physician in Colmar and Bern Johannes Ewich [de] (1525–1588), city physician in Bremen PeterdeSpinaI. [de] (1526–1569)
crucifixions in the Circus would have been along the spina ("spine"), as suggested by the 2nd century Acts of Peter describing the spot of his martyrdom as inter
The thorns preserved in various other reliquaries appeared to be Ziziphus spina-christi, a plant native to Africa and Southern and Western Asia, and had