Pete Docter

Peter Hans Docter^[1] (born October 9, 1968) is an American filmmaker and animator, who has served as chief creative officer (CCO) of Pixar since 2018.^[2][3] He has directed the company's animated films Monsters, Inc. (2001), Up (2009), Inside Out (2015), and Soul (2020). From his nine Academy Award nominations, he is a record-three time recipient of Best Animated Feature for Up, Inside Out and Soul. Docter has also won six Annie Awards from nine nominations, a BAFTA Children's Film Award and a Hochi Film Award.^[4] He describes himself as a "geeky kid from Minnesota who likes to draw cartoons".^[3]

Pete Docter
Docter at the 2009 Venice Film Festival
Born	Peter Hans Docter (1968-10-09) October 9, 1968 (age 56) Bloomington, Minnesota, U.S.
Alma mater	California Institute of the Arts (BFA)
Occupations	Film director screenwriter producer animator voice actor
Years active	1985–present
Employer	Pixar Animation Studios (1990–present)
Spouse	Amanda Docter
Children	2
Awards	Academy Award for Best Animated Feature Up (2009) Inside Out (2015) Soul (2020)
Signature

Early life

Docter was born on October 9, 1968 in Bloomington, Minnesota, the son of Rita Margaret (Kanne) and David Reinhardt Docter.^[5] His mother's family is Danish American.^[6] He grew up introverted and socially isolated, preferring to work alone and having to remind himself to connect with others. He often played in the creek beside his house, pretending to be Indiana Jones and acting out scenes.^[7] A junior-high classmate later described him as "this kid who was really tall, but who was kind of awkward, maybe getting picked on by the school bullies because his voice change at puberty was very rough."^[3]

Both his parents worked in education: his mother, Rita, taught music and his father, Dave, was a choral director at Normandale Community College. Docter and his two sisters took music lessons at the MacPhail Center for Music, where they were taught the violin and viola in the Suzuki method. Unlike his two sisters, Kirsten Docter, who was the violist and a founding member of the Cavani String Quartet, and Kari Docter, a cellist with the Metropolitan Opera, Docter was not particularly interested in music as he didn't like to practice the violin, although he learned to play the double bass and played with the orchestras for the soundtracks of Monsters, Inc.^[8] and Up.^[9]

Docter attended Nine Mile Elementary School, Oak Grove Junior High, and John F. Kennedy High School in Bloomington. He taught himself cartooning, making flip books and homemade animated shorts with a family movie camera.^[3] He later described his interest in animation as a way to "play God", making up nearly living characters. Cartoon director Chuck Jones, producer Walt Disney, and cartoonist Jack Davis were major inspirations.^[10]

He spent about a year at the University of Minnesota^[3] studying both philosophy and making art^[10] before transferring to the California Institute of the Arts, where he won a Student Academy Award for his production "Next Door" and graduated in 1990 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts.^[11] Although Docter had planned to work for Walt Disney Animation Studios, his best offers came from Pixar and from the producers of The Simpsons.^[3] He did not think much of Pixar at that time,^[10] and later considered his choice to work there a strange and unusual one.^[12]

Career

Docter in 2009 promoting the film Up

Before joining Pixar, Docter had created three non-computer animations, Next Door, Palm Springs, and Winter.^[13] All three shorts were later preserved by the Academy Film Archive.^[14] He was a fan of the company's early short films, but he knew nothing about them otherwise. He commented in an October 2009 interview, "Looking back, I kind of go, what was I thinking?"^[15]

He started at Pixar in 1990 at the age of 21 after John Lasseter asked his former classmate the late Joe Ranft, who was one of Docter's teachers at CalArts, to recommend any students who would be a good fit for the company.^{[16][7][17][18]} Deciding to follow his instincts and what "felt right" at the time, he accepted the job offer from then obscure Pixar and began work there the day after his college graduation^[16][12] as the tenth employee at the company's animation group^[10] and its third animator.^[19] Docter instantly felt at home in the tight-knit atmosphere of the company. He has said, "Growing up ... a lot of us felt we were the only person in the world who had this weird obsession with animation. Coming to Pixar you feel like, 'Oh! There are others!'"^[3]

Docter had been brought in with limited responsibilities, but Lasseter quickly assigned him larger and larger roles in writing, animation, sound recording, and orchestra scoring.^[15] He was one of the three key screenwriters behind the concept of Toy Story, and partially based the character of Buzz Lightyear on himself.^[10] He had a mirror on his desk and made faces with it as he conceptualized the character.^[15]

Docter's fascination with character development was further influenced by a viewing of Paper Moon, he told journalist Robert K. Elder in an interview for The Film That Changed My Life.^[20]

I like the more character-driven stuff, and Paper Moon brought that home to me in a way that I had not seen in live action, really focusing on the whole story just about characters. It was almost theatrical in the same way you might see a stage show because you're locked in a room. It's got to be about characters, and yet it was so cinematic, a film that couldn't be done in any other medium. It just kind of blew my socks off.^[21]

Docter has been an integral part of some of Pixar's most seminal works, including Toy Story, Toy Story 2, A Bug's Life and Monsters, Inc., all of which received critical acclaim and honors. He contributed to these animated films as a co-author to the scripts, and worked with CGI stalwarts such as Lasseter, Ronnie del Carmen, Bob Peterson, Andrew Stanton, Brad Bird, and Joe Ranft. Docter has referred to his colleagues at Pixar as a bunch of "wild stallions".^[12] He is also one of the five founding members of the Pixar Braintrust, which came together during the making of Toy Story (the other four being Lasseter, Stanton, Ranft and Unkrich).^[22]

Docter made his directorial debut with Monsters, Inc.—the first Pixar film not directed by Lasseter—which occurred right after the birth of his first child, Nick. Docter has said that the abrupt move from a complete, single-minded devotion to his career to parenting drove him "upside down" and formed the inspiration for the storyline.^[23] In 2004, he was asked by Lasseter to direct the English translation of Howl's Moving Castle.^[24] Docter then directed the 2009 film Up, released on May 29, 2009. He based the protagonist of Up partially on himself, based on his frequent feelings of social awkwardness and his desire to get away from crowds to contemplate.^[7] Following the success of Up, Docter and fellow Pixar veterans Lasseter, Stanton and Lee Unkrich as well as long-time collaborator and director Brad Bird were honored with the Golden Lion Honorary Award for Lifetime Achievement at the 66th Venice International Film Festival.^[25][26] Docter directed the 2015 film Inside Out to critical acclaim.^[27] His next film, Soul, was released on Disney+ on December 25, 2020, to critical acclaim.^[28][29]

Docter appeared at Comic-Con 2008 and the 2009 WonderCon.^[30]

In May 2009, Docter remarked retrospectively to Christianity Today that he had lived "a blessed life" so far.^[7] The A.V. Club has called him "almost universally successful".^[12] He has been nominated for eight Oscars (winning three), three Annie Awards (winning two), four BAFTA Film Awards (winning two), a British Academy Children's Award (which he won), and a Hochi Film Award (which he won).^[4] Accepting his first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, he said, "Never did I dream that making a flip book out of my third-grade math book would lead to this."^[31] Docter served as Vice-President of Creativity at Pixar Animation Studios through June 2018, and following Lasseter stepping down from the role, became the studio's chief creative officer.^[2][32] TheWrap reported that Docter planned to complete the film he began working on in 2016, which ultimately became Soul.^[33]

Docter received the Winsor McCay Award at the 2023 Annie Awards ceremony along with fellow animators Craig McCracken and Evelyn Lambart, for his "unparalleled achievement and exceptional contributions to animation".^[34]

Personal life

Docter is married to Amanda Docter and has two children, Nicholas and Elie.^[7] Elie has a speaking part in Up and was the inspiration for the character of Riley in Inside Out.^[35]

Docter is a fan of anime, particularly the work of Hayao Miyazaki. Docter has said that Miyazaki's animation has "beautifully observed little moments of truth that you just recognize and respond to".^[24] He is also a fan of the filmography of Pixar competitor DreamWorks. Referring to the competitive environment, he has said: "I think it's a much healthier environment when there is more diversity".^[12]

During an interview in 2009, Docter confirmed that he is a Christian and said that it influences his work. However, he went on to say that he did not envision himself ever creating a Christian film.^[10] About the relationship between his faith and his filmmaking, Docter has said:

I don't think people in any way, shape, or form like to be lectured to. When people go to a movie, they want to see some sort of experience of themselves on the screen. They don't come to be taught. So in that sense, and in terms of any sort of beliefs, I don't want to feel as though I'm ever lecturing or putting an agenda forth.^[7]

Filmography

Films

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Executive Producer	Other	Voice Role	Notes
1995	Toy Story	No	Original Story	No	Yes		Supervising Animator, Story Artist
1998	A Bug's Life	No	No	No	Yes		Additional Storyboarding
1999	Toy Story 2	No	Original Story	No	No
2001	Monsters, Inc.[36]	Yes	Original Story	No	Yes	CDA Agent 00002	Animator - uncredited
2003	Finding Nemo	No	No	No	No		Brain Trust - uncredited
2004	The Incredibles	No	No	No	Yes	Additional Voices
2005	Howl's Moving Castle[24]	No	No	No	Yes		Director: English Dub, U.S. Version
2006	Cars	No	No	No	No		Brain Trust - uncredited
2007	Ratatouille	No	No	No	Yes		Pixar Productions
2008	WALL-E	No	Original Story	No	Yes	Additional Voices	Pixar Senior Creative Team
2009	Up[37]	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Campmaster Strauch, Kevin (uncredited)	Animator, Pixar Senior Creative Team - uncredited
2010	Toy Story 3	No	No	No	Yes		Pixar Senior Creative Team [38] - uncredited on Inside Out
2011	Cars 2	No	No	No	Yes
2012	Brave	No	No	Yes	Yes
2013	Monsters University	No	No	Yes	Yes
2015	Inside Out	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Dad's Anger
	The Good Dinosaur	No	No	No	Yes
2016	Finding Dory	No	No	No	Yes
2017	Cars 3	No	No	No	Yes
	Coco	No	No	No	Yes
2018	Incredibles 2	No	No	No	Yes
2019	Toy Story 4	No	No	Yes	Yes
2020	Onward	No	No	Yes	Yes
	Soul	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
2021	Luca	No	No	Yes	Yes
2022	Turning Red	No	No	Yes	Yes
	Lightyear	No	No	Yes	Yes
2023	Elemental	No	No	Yes	Yes
2024	Inside Out 2	No	No	Yes	Yes	Dad's Anger
2025	Elio	No	No	Yes	Yes
2026	Hoppers[39]	No	No	Yes	Yes
	Toy Story 5	No	No	Yes	Yes
TBA	Incredibles 3[40]	No	No	Yes	Yes

Shorts and series

Year	Title	Director	Writer	Executive Producer	Animator	Other	Role	Notes
1985	Behind the Scenes at Camelot	No	No	No	No	Yes	Himself	[41]
1988	Winter	Yes	Yes	Producer	Yes	No		[13]
1989	Palm Springs	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Sigmond Dinosaur	[13]
	Cranium Command	No	No	No	Yes	No
1990	Next Door[13]	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Old Man	Composer
1997	Geri's Game	No	No	No	Yes	No
2002	Mike's New Car	Yes	Original Story	No	No	No
2005	Mr. Incredible and Pals	No	No	No	No	Yes	Mr. Incredible
2009	Dug's Special Mission	No	No	Yes	No	No
	George and A.J.	No	No	Yes	No	No
	Let's Pollute	No	No	No	No	Yes		Musician: Bass
2013	Party Central	No	No	Yes	No	No
2015	Riley's First Date?	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Dad's Anger
2017	Lou	No	No	Yes	No	No
2018	Bao	No	No	Yes	No	No
2019–20	Forky Asks a Question	No	No	Yes	No	No
2020	Loop	No	No	No	No	Yes		Story Trust
	Lamp Life	No	No	Yes	No	No		[42]
	Dory's Reef Cam	No	No	Yes	No	No		[43]
2021	Pixar Popcorn	No	No	Yes	No	No		[44]
	22 vs. Earth	No	No	Yes	No	No		[45]
2021-23	Dug Days	No	No	Yes	No	No		[46]
2024	Dream Productions	No	No	Yes	No	No		[47]
2025	Win or Lose	No	No	Yes	No	No

Other credits

Year	Title	Role
2003	Boundin'	Special Thanks
2007	Fog City Mavericks
	The Pixar Story	Himself; Very Special Thanks
2008	Presto	Special Thanks
2009	Partly Cloudy
2010	Day & Night
2011	La Luna
2013	The Blue Umbrella
	Toy Story of Terror!	Extra Special Thanks
2014	Toy Story That Time Forgot
	Lava	Special Thanks
2015	Sanjay's Super Team
2016	Piper
2017	Baby Driver[48]	Special Thanks - uncredited
2019	Purl	Special Thanks
	Kitbull
	Float
	Frozen II
	Wind
2020	Out
	One Night in Miami...
	Borat Subsequent Moviefilm
	Canvas
	Burrow
2020–2021	Inside Pixar[49]
2021	Monsters at Work
	Twenty Something
	Nona
	A Spark Story	Himself; Special Thanks
	Ciao Alberto	Special Thanks
	Pixar 2021 Disney+ Day Special	Himself[50]
2022	Embrace the Panda: Making 'Turning Red'	Special Thanks[51]
	Beyond Infinity: Buzz and the Journey to 'Lightyear'	Himself; Special Thanks[52]
	Cars on the Road	Special Thanks; Pixar Senior Creative Team
2023	Good Chemistry: The Story of 'Elemental'[53]	Special Thanks
2024	Self

Reception

Critical, public and commercial reception to films Docter has directed as of January 9, 2021.

Film	Rotten Tomatoes[54]	Metacritic[55]	CinemaScore[56]	Budget	Box office[57]
Monsters, Inc.	96% (196 reviews)	79 (35 reviews)	A+	$115 million	$577.4 million
Up	98% (295 reviews)	88 (37 reviews)	A+	$175 million	$735.1 million
Inside Out	98% (369 reviews)	94 (55 reviews)	A	$175 million	$857.6 million
Soul	95% (309 reviews)	83 (55 reviews)	N/A	$150 million	$120.9 million

Awards and nominations

Academy Awards

Year	Nominee / work	Award	Result	Ref.
1995	Toy Story	Best Original Screenplay	Nominated	[58]
2001	Monsters, Inc.	Best Animated Feature	Nominated	[59]
2002	Mike's New Car	Best Animated Short Film	Nominated	[60]
2008	WALL-E	Best Original Screenplay	Nominated	[61]
2009	Up	Best Animated Feature	Won	[62]
		Best Original Screenplay	Nominated
2015	Inside Out	Best Animated Feature	Won	[63]
		Best Original Screenplay	Nominated
2020	Soul	Best Animated Feature	Won	[64]

Annie Awards

Year	Nominee / work	Award	Result	Ref.
1996	Toy Story	Best Individual Achievement in Animation	Won
2000	Toy Story 2	Outstanding Achievement in Writing	Won
2002	Monsters, Inc.	Directing in a Feature Production	Nominated
2010	Up	Directing in a Feature Production	Won
		Writing in a Feature Production	Nominated
2016	Inside Out	Directing in a Feature Production	Won
		Writing in a Feature Production	Won
2021	Soul	Directing in a Feature Production	Nominated
		Writing in a Feature Production	Won

Other awards

Year	Award	Category	Work	Result	Ref
1995	Hugo Awards	Best Dramatic Presentation	Toy Story	Nominated
2001	Critics' Choice Movie Awards	Best Animated Feature	Monsters, Inc.	Nominated
2001	Hugo Awards	Best Dramatic Presentation		Nominated
2008	Nebula Award for Best Script		WALL-E	Won
2008	Hugo Awards	Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form	Won
2009	Critics' Choice Movie Awards	Best Animated Feature	Up	Won
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
2009	Golden Globe Awards	Best Animated Feature Film		Won
2009	British Academy Film Awards	Best Animated Film		Won	[65]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
2009	Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation			Nominated
2009	Hugo Awards	Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form		Nominated
2009	Satellite Awards	Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
2015	Golden Globe Awards	Best Animated Feature Film	Inside Out	Won	[66]
2015	Critics' Choice Movie Awards	Best Animated Feature		Won
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
		Best Comedy		Nominated
2015	British Academy Film Awards	Best Animated Film		Won	[67]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
2015	Satellite Awards	Best Animated or Mixed Media Feature		Won
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
2015	Ray Bradbury Award for Outstanding Dramatic Presentation			Nominated
2020	Golden Globe Awards	Best Animated Feature Film	Soul	Won
2021	NAACP Image Awards	Outstanding Writing in a Motion Picture		Nominated	[68]

Collaborators (actors)

Pete Docter has cast certain actors and crew members in multiple of the films he has directed.

	Monsters, Inc.	Up	Inside Out	Soul
Mary Gibbs	N		N
Bob Peterson	N	N
John Ratzenberger	N	N	N
Frank Oz	N		N
Jeff Pidgeon	N	N
Himself	N	N	N
Danny Mann	N	N
Mickie McGowan	N	N
Josh Cooley		N	N
John Cygan		N	N
Ronnie del Carmen			N	N

See also

• Directors with two films rated "A+" by CinemaScore
• List of Pixar films
• List of Pixar staff

References

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External links

• Pete Docter at IMDb
• Pixar Animation Studios website
• Radio interview on Fresh Air (21 mins, 2009)
• Peter Docter is interviewed by Diana Seyb and shows one of his early cartoons just as he was heading out to California to work in the animation industry, Northern Lights TV Series #135 (1990)