Persuasive writing

Persuasive writing is a form of written arguments designed to convince, motivate, or sway readers toward a specific point of view or opinion on a given topic. This writing style relies on presenting reasoned opinions supported by evidence that substantiates the central thesis.^[1][2] Examples of persuasive writing include criticisms, reviews, reaction papers, editorials, proposals, advertisements, and brochures, all of which employ various persuasive techniques to influence readers.

In formal and academic contexts, persuasive writing often requires a comprehensive understanding of both sides of the argument—the position in favor and the opposing viewpoint. Acknowledging the counterargument is a strategy in this type of writing. By distinguishing and minimizing the significance of opposing perspectives, the writer enhances the credibility and persuasiveness of their argument.^[1][3]

When conducting research to support a thesis, anticipating potential objections or disagreements from critical readers is important. Including a counterargument within the writing allows the author to address these objections directly, explaining why they are less compelling or valid compared to the main argument. This approach not only strengthens the argument but also demonstrates a balanced and well-informed perspective.^[2]

Structure

Effective persuasive writing requires a clear and organized structure to present arguments convincingly. Common components of this structure are:

1. Introduction:
   • The introduction typically starts with a hook to grab the reader's attention, followed by background information to set the context. For instance, beginning with a surprising statistic can effectively engage the reader.^[4]
   • The thesis statement, usually at the end of the introduction, should clearly articulate the writer's position on the topic. This statement serves as a roadmap for the reader, indicating what to expect in the following paragraphs.^[3]
2. Body Paragraphs:
   • Each body paragraph should focus on a single main idea that supports the thesis. Writers should start each paragraph with a topic sentence that outlines the paragraph's main point.^[4][3] For example, suppose the thesis is about the benefits of renewable energy. In that case, a topic sentence might state, "Investing in renewable energy sources not only reduces our carbon footprint but also creates jobs."
   • Supporting evidence is vital for strengthening the argument. This can include facts, statistics, examples, and expert opinions. For instance, referencing a study that shows the economic benefits of solar energy can provide solid backing for the argument.^[5]
   • Addressing counterarguments has the ability to enhance the writer's credibility. This involves acknowledging opposing viewpoints and systematically refuting them. For example, if a counterargument states that renewable energy is too expensive, the writer could counter this by citing the declining costs of solar technology and its long-term savings.^[3] Each counterargument can be presented in a separate paragraph or integrated within the main points to show a balanced perspective.
3. Conclusion:
   • The conclusion summarizes the main arguments presented in the body paragraphs while reinforcing the thesis statement. It's important to restate the key points succinctly to remind the reader of the argument's strength.^[4][5] An example of a conclusion might reiterate, "The transition to renewable energy is not only necessary for environmental sustainability but also economically advantageous."
   • A strong conclusion may also include a call to action, urging the reader to take a specific step or consider the implications of the argument. For instance, encouraging readers to support local renewable energy initiatives can leave a lasting impact.^[3][5]

Elements

Persuasive writing comes in different forms depending on its purpose and audience. Each elements is used to achieve specific goals, like convincing someone to agree with an idea, take action, or buy something. Below are some common persuasive writing practices:

Reflexivity

Reflexivity involves critical self-reflection on the biases and preferences of researchers, which is essential for ensuring the substantive contribution of qualitative research.^[6] It requires an awareness of the lenses through which we interpret the word, including our circumstances and positions, and an understanding of how these shape our findings and narratives.^[7] That narrative serves as a method of inquiry and a means of understanding diverse realities, enhancing the depth of research findings. Engaging narratives that address power dynamics invite readers to grapple with complex issues, challenging their assumptions, and fostering social dialogue.^[6]

Imagination

Imagination involves envisioning things without being constrained by how they exist or are perceived. It enables one to explore possibilities and adopt perspectives different from one's own.^[8] This creativity allows researchers to explore unconventional angles and uncover insights from unexpected contexts. Imagination is crucial when research encounters obstacles, enabling scholars to adapt methodologies and foster environments for discoveries. However, tension exists between imaginative research and the conventions of academic writing, as researchers may hesitate to adopt unconventional narratives for fear of not conforming to established norms.^[6]

Craftsmanship

Craftsmanship refers to the skill and artistry involved in integrating research. It encompasses the thoughtful selection of methods, careful construction, and ethical considerations in research practices. Effective craftsmanship emphasizes attention to detail and narrative structure, enhancing clarity and engagement.^[6]

Authenticity

Authenticity provides readers with richer and more realistic contexts to apply knowledge and practice skills.^[9] It is paramount in the investigation part to remain true to the voices and experiences of their participants. This commitment to authenticity resonates more with readers and offers genuine insights into social realities. The challenge lies in balancing rhetorical strategies with authentic representation. By prioritizing authenticity, researchers can encourage meaningful engagement and reflection around the issues addressed in their work.^[6]

See also

• Rhetoric
• Propaganda
• Argument
• Logical fallacies
• Assertiveness
• Editorial
• Letter to the editor
• Manifesto
• Open letter
• Opinion journalism
• Opinion piece

References

1. Carrell, Patricia L.; Connor, Ulla (1991). "Reading and Writing Descriptive and Persuasive Texts". The Modern Language Journal. 75 (3): 314–324. doi:10.2307/328725. ISSN 0026-7902.
2. "Counterargument | Harvard College Writing Center". writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2024-12-10.
3. n.d, n.d. "Persuasive writing" (PDF). The Writing Center.
4. "Writing for success (Chapter 10.9: Persuasion)". University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. 2015-10-27.
5. Polak, Adam. "Writing a Persuasive Essay" (PDF). Hamilton.
6. Jonsen, Karsten; Fendt, Jacqueline; Point, Sébastien (2018-01-01). "Convincing Qualitative Research: What Constitutes Persuasive Writing?". Organizational Research Methods. 21 (1): 30–67. doi:10.1177/1094428117706533. ISSN 1094-4281.
7. Kaufman, Peter (2013-01-01). "Scribo Ergo Cogito: Reflexivity through Writing". Teaching Sociology. 41 (1): 70–81. doi:10.1177/0092055X12458679. ISSN 0092-055X.
8. Liao, Shen-yi; Gendler, Tamar (2020), Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), "Imagination", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2020 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2024-12-10
9. Petraglia, Joseph (2009-03-10). "The Importance of Being Authentic: Persuasion, Narration, and Dialogue in Health Communication and Education". Health Communication. doi:10.1080/10410230802676771. ISSN 1041-0236.