Pedro Gual Escandón

For other uses, see Gual (disambiguation).

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Gual and the second or maternal family name is Escandón.

Pedro José Ramón Gual Escandón (17 January 1783 – 6 May 1862), was a Venezuelan lawyer, politician, journalist and diplomat.

Pedro Gual
President of Venezuela
In office 15 March 1858 – 18 March 1858
Preceded by	José Tadeo Monagas
Succeeded by	Julián Castro
President of Venezuela
In office 2 August 1859 – 29 September 1859
Preceded by	Julián Castro
Succeeded by	Manuel Felipe de Tovar
President of Venezuela
In office 20 May 1861 – 29 August 1861
Preceded by	Manuel Felipe de Tovar
Succeeded by	José Antonio Páez
1st Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Colombia
In office 7 October 1821 – 17 September 1825
President	Simón Bolívar
Preceded by	*Office created
Succeeded by	José Rafael Revenga y Hernández
Personal details
Born	(1783-01-17)17 January 1783 Caracas, Venezuela
Died	6 May 1862(1862-05-06) (aged 79) Guayaquil, Ecuador
Political party	Conservative Party
Spouse	Rosa María Domínguez
Signature

During the Venezuelan War of Independence he came to the United States to buy weapons for the Patriots. In 1815 he came to stay in the home of Manuel Torres. With Torres and other agents he helped organize General Francisco Xavier Mina's ill-fated expedition to Mexico, with Gual acting as Mina's press agent. Gual was one of the men who signed Gregor MacGregor's commission to invade Spanish Florida through Amelia Island in 1817, which offended President James Monroe's administration; thereafter he left the U.S.^[1]

In 1824 as chancellor of Great Colombia he negotiated with the U.S. diplomat Richard Clough Anderson Jr. and concluded the Anderson–Gual Treaty, the first bilateral treaty that the U.S. signed with another American state. He was the president of Venezuela for three periods (1858, 1859, and 1861) and a member of the Conservative Centralist party.

See also

• Anderson–Gual Treaty
• Federal War
• Presidents of Venezuela

References

1. Bowman 1970, pp. 44–50.

• (in Spanish) "Diccionario de Historia de Venezuela", Fundación Polar, 1997.
• (in Spanish) "Los Presidentes Volumen I/1811-1863" Ramón Urdaneta, Fondo Editorial Venezolano, 1995.
• (in Spanish) Pedro Gual
• (in Spanish) Gran Logia Unida de Venezuela
• (in Spanish) Biography of the Foreign Affairs Ministry
• Acevedo Latorre, Eduardo (1988). Colaboradores de Santander en la Organización de la República [Collaborators of Santander in the Organization of the Republic] (in Spanish). David Bushnell (prologue) (2nd ed.). Bogotá: Fundación para la Conmemoración del Bicentenario del Natalicio y el Sesquicentenario de la Muerte del General Francisco de Paula Santander. p. 409. ISBN 9789586430425. LCCN 89182882. OCLC 19979044. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
• Bowman, Charles H. Jr. (January 1970). "Manuel Torres, a Spanish American Patriot in Philadelphia, 1796–1822". Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 94 (1): 26–53.
• Gil Fortoul, José (1907). "Libro Tercero: Capítulo II: Bolívar y el Ejército de Colombia" [Third Book: Chapter 2: Bolívar and the Colombian Army]. Historia Constitucional de Venezuela [Constitutional History of Venezuela] (in Spanish). Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Berlin: Carl Heymanns Verlag. p. 328. LCCN 07024279. OCLC 3721996. Retrieved 12 April 2012.

External links

• (in Spanish) Pedro Gual biography

Political offices
Preceded by José Tadeo Monagas	President of Venezuela 1858	Succeeded by Julián Castro
Preceded by Julián Castro	President of Venezuela 1859	Succeeded by Manuel Felipe de Tovar
Preceded by Manuel Felipe de Tovar	President of Venezuela 1861	Succeeded by José Antonio Páez