Parisā

In Theravāda Buddhism, parisā (Pali for "assembly"^[1]) or catuparisā (Pali for "fourfold assembly"^[2]) refers to the wider Buddhist community of monks, nuns, laymen (upāsaka), and laywomen (upāsikā) who have taken refuge in the Three Jewels. The term is distinct from the word "sangha" which refers only to ordained monastics, but with reference^[3] to several specific contexts in the Pali Tripitaka which also uses the word "sangha" to refer to laymen and laywomen who have attained the four stages of awakening (ariya).^[4][5][6]

References

1. www.wisdomlib.org (2009-05-17). "Parisa, Parisā, Pārīṣa, Parisha: 16 definitions". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
2. www.wisdomlib.org (2014-08-03). "Catuparisa, Catuparisā, Catur-parisa: 2 definitions". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2024-10-20.
3. Todd Lewis, Buddhists: Understanding Buddhism Through the Lives of Practitioners, Chicester, 2014, p. 30 mentions this too. An example of such a sutra is AN II.1.vii Catukka nipata, Bhandagamavaggo https://archive.today/20130222111223/http://www.what-buddha-taught.net/tipitaka/2Sutta-Pitaka/4Anguttara-Nikaya/Anguttara2/4-catukkanipata/001-bhandagamavaggo-e.html
4. Sangha Archived 14 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine. 2005–2012.
5. Robinson et al. (2005). Buddhist Religions: A Historical Introduction. Fifth Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson, p. 32.
6. "A Glossary of Pali and Buddhist Terms". Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 3 August 2009.