Panjnad River

The Panjnad River (Punjabi and Urdu: پنجند) is a river at the extreme end of the Bahawalpur district in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The name Panjnad is derived from Sanskrit words pancha ("five") and nadī́ ("river") which means "five rivers". The Panjnad River is formed by the successive confluence or merger of the five main rivers of Punjab: the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.^[1][2][3][4]

Panjnad River
Path of the Panjnad
Native name	پنجند (Punjabi)
Physical characteristics
Mouth	Indus River
• location	Mithankot
• coordinates	28°56′59.99″N 70°29′59.99″E
Length	71 km (44 mi)
Basin size	395,000 km2 (153,000 sq mi)
Discharge
• location	Mithankot (near mouth)
• average	2,500 m3/s (88,000 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Chenab
• right	Sutlej

The Jhelum and the Ravi rivers join the Chenab River; the Beas River joins the Sutlej River; and the Sutlej and the Chenab rivers join to form the Panjnad River. It is 10 miles north of Uch Sharif in the Muzaffar Garh district. The combined stream runs southwest for approximately 44 miles and joins the Indus River at Mithankot. The Indus eventually drains into the Arabian Sea. A barrage on Panjnad has been erected which provides irrigation channels for Punjab and Sindh provinces south of the Sutlej River and east of the Indus River.^[1]

Head Punjnand Bridge

Beyond the confluence of the Indus and Panjnad rivers, the Indus River was known as Satnad (Sat = seven) carrying the waters of seven rivers including the Indus River, the five Punjab rivers, and the Kabul River^{[citation needed]}.