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Peak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sugarloaf Mountain (Portuguese: Pão de Açúcar, pronounced [ˈpɐ̃w dʒ(i) ɐˈsukaʁ]) is a peak situated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on a peninsula at the mouth of Guanabara Bay. Rising 396 m (1,299 ft) above the harbor,[1] the peak is named for its resemblance to the traditional shape of concentrated refined loaf sugar. It is known worldwide for its cableway and panoramic views of the city and beyond.
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese. (July 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Sugarloaf Mountain | |
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Highest point | |
Elevation | 396 m (1,299 ft) |
Coordinates | 22°56′58″S 43°9′24″W |
Geography | |
Location | Rio de Janeiro |
The mountain is one of several monolithic granite and quartz mountains that rise straight from the water's edge around Rio de Janeiro.[2] Geologically, it is considered part of a family of steep-sided rock outcroppings known as bornhardts.[3][4]
The mountain is protected by the Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument, created in 2006. This became part of a World Heritage Site declared by UNESCO in 2012.[5]
The name Sugarloaf was coined in the 16th century by the Portuguese during the heyday of sugarcane trade in Brazil due to sugar imports from the Portuguese conquest of Goa, according to historian Vieira Fazenda. Blocks of sugar were placed in conical molds made of clay to be transported on ships. The form of the peak reminded them of the well-known resulting "sugarloaf" shape, and the nickname has since been extended to be a general descriptor for formations of this kind.[6]
A glass-walled cable car (bondinho or, more formally, teleférico), capable of holding 65 people, runs along a 1,400 m (4,600 ft) route between the peaks of Sugarloaf and Morro da Urca every 20 minutes. The original cable car line was built in 1912 and rebuilt around 1972–73 and in 2008. The cable car goes from a ground station, at the base of Morro da Babilônia, to Morro da Urca and thence to Sugarloaf's summit.
To reach the summit, passengers take two cable cars. The first ascends to the shorter Morro da Urca, 220 m (722 ft) high. The second car ascends to Pão de Açúcar.[7] The Swiss-made bubble-shaped cars offer passengers 360° views of the surrounding city.[8] The ascent takes three minutes.[9][clarification needed]
There are rock climbing routes on Sugarloaf that are mostly multipitch and are a mixture of sport and trad.[14] There are also two other mountains in the area with technical rock climbing, Morro da Babilônia[15] and Morro da Urca.[16] Together, they form one of the largest urban climbing areas in the world, with more than 270 routes, between 1 and 10 pitches long.
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