Slovakia (political party)

For other uses, see Olano (disambiguation).

Slovakia (Slovak: Slovensko), known as Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (Slovak: Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti, OĽANO) until 2023, is a conservative political party in Slovakia. Founded in 2011 by former businessman Igor Matovič, the party has been characterized primarily as populist, championing anti-corruption, anti-elitist and anti-establishment sentiments.^[13]

Slovakia Movement Hnutie Slovensko
Chairman	Igor Matovič
General Secretary	Július Jakab[1]
Parliamentary caucus leader	Michal Šipoš
Founder	Igor Matovič
Founded	28 October 2011; 13 years ago (2011-10-28)
Split from	Freedom and Solidarity
Headquarters	Zámocká 6873/14, 81101 Bratislava
Membership (2022)	61[2]
Ideology	Conservatism[3][4] Populism[5][6]
Political position	Centre[7][8] to centre-right[9][10]
National affiliation	OĽaNO and Friends[11]
European affiliation	European People's Party
European Parliament group	European People's Party
Colours	Blue-green   Red
Slogan	"We will not sell you to the mafia" (2023)[12]
National Council	10 / 150
European Parliament	0 / 15
Regional governors	1 / 8
Regional deputies	21 / 416
Mayors[a]	54 / 2,904
Local councillors[b]	752 / 20,686
Website
obycajniludia.sk
Politics of Slovakia Political parties Elections

The party served as the parliamentary opposition during two electoral terms^: 2012–2016 and 2016–2020. In 2020, it emerged victorious in the parliamentary election and subsequently formed a coalition government. In government, the party advocated for conservative, familistic policies through the implementation of expanded social welfare and pro-natalist measures, while concurrently opposing the promotion of LGBT and reproductive rights. Following the collapse of the governing coalition and subsequent snap election in 2023, the party has been opposition once again.

In the 2016 and 2020 parliamentary election, the party integrated members of several minor parties within its list, not legally forming a coalition to avoid the imposed increased electoral threshold.

History

Party logo before 2023

The initial four Ordinary People (OĽaNO) MPs were Igor Matovič, Erika Jurinová, Martin Fecko, Jozef Viskupič.^[when?][14] OĽaNO sat in the National Council with Freedom and Solidarity (SaS), and signed an agreement with SaS that its members could not cross the floor to another group. In June and July 2010,^[14] it was rumoured that OĽaNO would refuse to back the programme of the new centre-right coalition,^[15] which included Freedom and Solidarity, and whose majority depended on Ordinary People.^[16]

In August 2010, Matovič said that it was not the right time to become an independent party.^[16] However, on 28 October 2011, Ordinary People filed a formal party registration, while Matovič announced that the party would compete in 2012 parliamentary election as a separate electoral list, of independents and representatives of the Civic Conservative Party and the Conservative Democrats.^[17] In the 2012 election, the party came in third place overall, winning 8.55% of the vote and 16 seats.^[18]

In the 2014 European elections, OĽaNO came in fourth place nationally, receiving 7.46% of the vote and electing 1 MEP.^[19]

In the 2016 parliamentary election, Ordinary People ran in alliance with New Majority. They received 11.02% votes in Slovakia and consequently 19 MPs in the Slovak Parliament, 17 of whom came from Ordinary People.

In 2014–2019, the party was member of European Parliament group of European Conservatives and Reformists and in 2019 switched to the European People's Party group.

At the February 2020 parliamentary election, the Party received 25.0% of the vote, winning a 53 of 150 seats in the National Council. Party leader Igor Matovič was appointed as the Prime Minister designate.

On 25 October 2023, the party changed its name to Slovakia.^[20]

Ideology and platform

Initially a big tent populist party, it eventually adopted a generally conservative outlook while maintaining its anti-corruption and anti-elitist rhetoric.^[21][22] Although conservative voices were always present in OĽaNO, their influence became significant after the 2020 parliamentary election.^[23][24] Party leader Igor Matovič endorsed the 2015 Slovak referendum initiated by Alliance for Family, voting against the introduction of same-sex marriages, adoptions and compulsory sex education in state schools.^[25] Before the last election, Matovič announced that his party would not join a coalition government that wanted to establish civil unions or loosen drug policy.^[26] At the same time, Christian Union merged into the party, presenting bills restricting abortions with major party support.^[27][28]

OĽaNO lacks any internal democratic structures, and Matovič decides on the composition of the electoral list, admission of members and political nominations.^[29][30][31] The use of public subsidies for the party is considered non-transparent and similar to a private company rather than a political entity.^[30] OĽaNO claimed to have 50 members as of 31 December 2021.^[32]

It has been described as a valence populist party.^[33]

Election results

National Council

Ordinary People and Independent Personalities, (OĽaNO)

The party integrated Civic Conservative Party and Conservative Democrats of Slovakia members within its list; however, both parties withdrew from the list prior to the election due to a dispute with OĽaNO.

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Rank	Seats	+/–	Status
2012	Igor Matovič	218,537	8.6%	3rd	16 / 150		Opposition

Ordinary People and Independent Personalities–NOVA, (OĽaNO–NOVA)

The party legally changed its name before the election to integrate NOVA and Change from Below members within its list.

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Rank	Seats	+/–	Status
2016	Igor Matovič	287,611	11.0%	3rd	19 / 150	3	Opposition

Ordinary People and Independent Personalities–NOVA–Christian Union–Change from Below, (OĽaNO–NOVA–KÚ–ZZ)

The party legally changed its name before the election to integrate NOVA, Christian Union and Change from Below members within its list.

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Rank	Seats	+/–	Status
2020	Igor Matovič	721,166	25.0%	1st	53 / 150	34	OĽaNO–We Are Family–SaS–For the People (2020–2022)
							OĽaNO–We Are Family–For the People (2022–2023)
							Opposition (2023)

OĽaNO and Friends: Ordinary People, Independent Candidates, NOVA, Free and Responsible, Pačivale Roma, Magyar Szívek

The party legally changed its name before the election to represent its internal factions and to integrate NOVA members within its list.

Election	Leader	Votes	%	Rank	Seats	+/–	Status
2023	Igor Matovič	OĽaNO–Christian Union–For the People			13 / 150	40	Opposition

European Parliament

Election	List leader	Votes	%	Rank	Seats	+/–	EP Group
2014	Jozef Viskupič	41,829	7.5%	4th	1 / 13		ECR
2019	Michal Šipoš	51,834	5.3%	6th	1 / 14	0	EPP
2024[c]	Peter Pollák	29,385	2.0%	9th	0 / 15	1	–

Presidential

Election	Candidate	First round			Second round
		Votes	%	Rank	Votes	%	Rank
2014	Helena Mezenská	45,180	2.4%	7th
	Endorsed Andrej Kiska				1,307,065	59.4%	1st
2019	Endorsed Zuzana Čaputová	870,415	40.6%	1st	1,056,582	58.4%	1st
2024	Igor Matovič	49,201	2.2%	5th
	Endorsed Patrik Dubovský	16,107	0.7%	7th
	Endorsed Ivan Korčok				1,243,709	46.9%	2nd

Notes

1. Also with coalitions
2. Also with coalitions
3. Run in a joint list with ZĽ and NOVA.

References

1. "Predsedníctvo". OĽaNO (in Slovak).
2. "Výročná správa za rok 2022" (PDF). Ministry of the Interior (Slovakia) (in Slovak). 2023. p. 7.
3. "Slovakia election: Exit polls show Fico wins with reduced majority". Deutsche Welle. 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
4. "Slovak MPs wear yellow stars to protest far-right party". Times of Israel. 2016-03-23. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
5. "Slovakia opposition party wins parliamentary election". Deutsche Welle. 2020-03-01. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
6. Cunningham, Benjamin (2016-03-06). "5 takeaways from Slovakia's election". Politico. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
7. Varshalomidze, Tamila. "Far-right poised to make gains in Slovakia's key polls". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
8. Muller, Robert (2020-02-14). "Slovak opposition well-placed in poll to unseat long-ruling Smer". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
9. "Slovakia election: seismic shift as public anger ousts dominant Smer-SD party". The Guardian. 2020-03-01. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
10. "Slovakia election: Double murder haunts voters". BBC News. 2020-02-29. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
11. "Voľby do NR SR 2023: kandidátne listiny v lehote určenej zákonom predložilo 24 politických strán a 1 koalícia". 3 July 2023.
12. "Kandidátna listina koalície OĽANO a priatelia, Kresťanská únia, Za ľudí". 6 July 2023.
13. "Analysis | Voters want Slovakia's incoming government to end corruption. That will be tough". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2023-04-26.
14. Vilikovská, Zuzana (15 June 2010). "SaS chairman speaks about its new MPs from the Ordinary People civic association". The Slovak Spectator.
15. Vilikovská, Zuzana (5 August 2010). "'Ordinary Man' MP Matovič accuses Fico of lying". The Slovak Spectator.
16. Vilikovská, Zuzana (3 August 2010). "SaS: Ordinary People faction will give up their parliamentary seats if they leave SaS caucus". The Slovak Spectator.
17. "The Visegrad Group: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia - Ordinary People files request to be registered as political party in Slovakia". visegradgroup.eu. TASR. 28 October 2011.
18. Slovakia turns left, The Economist (11 March 2012)
19. "Elections to the European Parliament 2014". Archived from the original on 2014-05-28. Retrieved 2014-05-28.
20. "Hnutie OĽaNO opäť zmenilo názov, bude sa volať Slovensko". Pravda.sk (in Slovak). 2023-10-25. Retrieved 2024-02-04.
21. "Mení Matovič s OĽaNO svoju protikorupčnú tvár? Jasná odpoveď politológa | TVNOVINY.sk". 11 August 2022.
22. "Matovič chce z OĽaNO konzervatívnu stranu. Pre KDH má ponuku, ktorú nemôžu odmietnuť".
23. "Zmena identity OĽaNO: Zmení sa protikorupčné hnutie na konzervatívne?". 3 March 2020.
24. "Konzervatívne OĽaNO: Poslancom bude hovorca referenda aj gospelový spevák". 5 March 2020.
25. "VIDEO: Igor Matovič hlasoval v Trnave s manželkou a deťmi". 7 February 2015.
26. "OĽaNO nevstúpi do koalície, ktorá rieši drogy a registrované partnerstvá".
27. "Záborská z Kresťanskej únie: Máme s Matovičom dohodu, že v parlamente si vlastný klub nevytvoríme". 2 March 2020.
28. "Nicholsonová kritizuje poslancov Kresťanskej únie za tému potratov, tí pripravujú návrh". 22 May 2020.
29. "OĽaNO je za štruktúry bez straníckej knižky, Matovič v ringu "bojoval" bez priaznivcov Smeru". 19 May 2018.
30. "Kto zarába na OĽaNO. Štát a verejnosť vedia veľmi málo o tom, ako strany míňajú svoje peniaze". 23 April 2021.
31. "Stanovy".
32. "Výročná správa politickej strany: OĽaNO" (PDF). Ministry of the Interior (Slovakia) (in Slovak). 2021. p. 7.
33. Zulianello, Mattia; Larsen, Erik Gahner (June 2021). "Populist parties in European Parliament elections: A new dataset on left, right and valence populism from 1979 to 2019". Electoral Studies. 71 (1): 10–12. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2021.102312. ISSN 0261-3794.

Further reading

• Gyárfášová, Oľga (2018). "The Fourth Generation: From Anti-Establishment to Anti-System Parties in Slovakia". New Perspectives. 26 (1): 109–134. ISSN 2336-825X.