Lusatian Neisse

"Neisse" and "Neisse River" redirect here. For other uses, see Neisse (disambiguation).

The Lusatian Neisse^[1][2][3] (German: Lausitzer Neiße; Polish: Nysa Łużycka; Czech: Lužická Nisa; Upper Sorbian: Łužiska Nysa; Lower Sorbian: Łužyska Nysa), or Western Neisse, is a 252-kilometre (157 mi) river in northern Central Europe.^[4][5] It rises in the Jizera Mountains, near Nová Ves nad Nisou, at the Czech border becoming the Polish–German border for its remaining 197 kilometres (122 mi), to flow into the similarly northward-flowing Oder from the left.

Lusatian Neisse
The Neisse near Skerbersdorf, Krauschwitz municipality
Oder and Neisse rivers
Native name	Nysa Łużycka (Polish) Lausitzer Neiße (German) Lužická Nisa (Czech) Łužiska Nysa (Upper Sorbian) Łužyska Nysa (Lower Sorbian)
Location
Countries	Czech Republic Poland Germany
Cities	Liberec, Jablonec nad Nisou, Zittau, Görlitz/Zgorzelec, Gubin/Guben
Physical characteristics
Source	Jizera Mountains
• location	Nová Ves nad Nisou, Liberec Region, Czech Republic
• coordinates	50°43′47″N 15°13′44″E
• elevation	655 m (2,149 ft)
Mouth	Oder
• location	Neißemünde, Brandenburg, Germany
• coordinates	52°4′11″N 14°45′20″E
• elevation	32 m (105 ft)
Length	252 km (157 mi)
Basin size	4,403 km2 (1,700 sq mi)
Discharge
• average	31 m3/s (1,100 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Progression	Oder→ Baltic Sea

Source

The Neisse river near the village of Ratzdorf (D) at the confluence in the Oder river. View to Poland

The Neisse river near the village of Ratzdorf (D) at the confluence in the Oder river. View to Poland

Its drainage basin covers 4,403 km² (1,700 sq mi), of which 2,201 km² (850 sq mi) is in Poland, the rest is mainly in Germany.^[6] The river reaches the tripoint of the three nations by Zittau, a German town/city, after 54 kilometres (34 mi), leaving the Czech Republic.^[6] It is a left-bank tributary of the Oder, into which it flows between Neißemünde-Ratzdorf and Kosarzyn – north of the towns of Guben and Gubin. The river was a motivations to found Gubin as a craftmanship and trading port in the 13th Century.^[7]

Since the 1945 Potsdam Agreement in the aftermath of World War II, the river has partially demarcated the German-Polish border (along the Oder–Neisse line). The German population east of the river was expelled from Poland to Germany.

It is the longest and most watered of the three rivers of its non-adjectival name in both the main languages (the two other rivers being the Eastern Neisse (Polish: Nysa Kłodzka; German: Glatzer Neiße) and Raging Neisse (Polish: Nysa Szalona; German: Wütende Neiße or Jauersche Neiße)). It is usually simply referred to as the Neisse.

Name

Since the river runs through the historic region of Lusatia, the adjective "Lusatian" or "Western" before the name of the river Neisse is used whenever differentiating this border river from the Eastern Neisse (Polish: Nysa Kłodzka, German: Glatzer Neiße) and the smaller Raging Neisse (Polish: Nysa Szalona; German: Wütende Neiße or Jauersche Neiße), both in Poland.

Towns and villages

At Bad Muskau the Neisse flows through Muskau Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Cities and towns on the river from source to mouth include:

• Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic
• Vratislavice, Czech Republic
• Liberec, Czech Republic
• Chrastava, Czech Republic
• Hrádek nad Nisou, Czech Republic
• Zittau, Germany
• Bogatynia, Poland
• Görlitz, Germany; Zgorzelec, Poland
• Pieńsk, Poland
• Bad Muskau, Germany; Łęknica, Poland
• Forst (Lausitz), Germany
• Guben, Germany; Gubin, Poland

Tributaries

Right bank:

• Lubsza

Left bank:

• Mandau

See also

• List of rivers of the Czech Republic
• List of rivers of Germany
• List of rivers of Poland