National districts of the Soviet Union

National districts or national raions (Russian: Национальные районы) were special raions (administrative units) of the Soviet Union from 1924 up until the 1940s, created to meet the needs of minority ethnic and cultural populations within republics. They were part of the larger policy of korenizatsiia, or "indigenization" pursued during this time.^[1]

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (December 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 979 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Национальные районы СССР]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|ru|Национальные районы СССР}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Ukrainian. (December 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 266 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Ukrainian Wikipedia article at [[:uk:Національний район]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|uk|Національний район}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

The Soviet Russia that took over from the Russian Empire in 1917 was not a nation-state, nor was the Soviet leadership committed to turning their country into such a state. In the early Soviet period, even voluntary assimilation was actively discouraged, and the promotion of the national self-consciousness of the non-Russian populations was attempted. Each officially recognized ethnic minority, however small, was granted its own national territory where it enjoyed a certain degree of autonomy, national schools, and national elites.^[2]

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (December 2023)

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

For Poles in Belarus:^[3]

Dzierżyńszczyzna (1932–1937), centered in Dzyarzhynsk

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

For Greeks in Russia:^[4]

Greek Autonomous District (1930–1939), centered in Krymskaya (now Krymsk)

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

For Bulgarians in Ukraine:^[1]

Blahoieve Raion, centered in Blahoieve (now Velykyi Buialyk)
Kolarivka Raion [uk], centered in Kolarivka (now Sofiivka)
Vilshanka Raion, centered in Vilshanka

For Germans in Ukraine:^[1]

Luxemburg National German Raion [ru] (1924–1939), centered in Luxemburg (now Rozivka)

For Jews in Ukraine:^[1]

Kalinindorf Jewish Raion [uk] (1927–1958), centered in Velyka Seideminukha (now Kalynivske, Kherson Oblast)
Novozlatopil National Jewish Raion [uk] (1929–?), centered in Novozlatopil [uk]
Stalindorf National Jewish Raion [uk] (1930–?), centered in various settlements over the course of its existence

For Poles in Ukraine:^[5]

Marchlewszczyzna (1925–1935), centered in Marchlewsk (now Dovbysh)

For Russians in Ukraine:^[1]

Chuhuiv Raion (1927–present), centered in Chuhuiv
Kosiorovsky Russian National Raion [uk] (1930–?), centered in various settlements over the course of its existence
Putyvl Raion (1927–2020), centered in Putyvl
Sorokyne Raion (1927–2020), centered in Sorokyne
Stanytsia-Luhanska Raion (1927–2020), centered in Stanytsia Luhanska
Velyka Pysarivka Raion (1927–2020), centered in Velyka Pysarivka

[1]
"НАЦІОНАЛЬНЕ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНЕ БУДІВНИЦТВО В УСРР/УРСР 1924–1940". resource.history.org.ua. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
[2]
Martin, Terry (December 1998). "The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing". The Journal of Modern History. 70 (4): 813–861. Archived from the original on 2020-12-15.
[3]
"ПОЛЬСКИЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В БССР В 1930-е гг."
[4]
"Репрессии в 1930-1950 гг. по отношению к грекам СССР". 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 22 April 2023.
[5]
Kabachiy, Roman (29 May 2009). "Polish in Polissia". The Ukrainian Week.

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian. (December 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 979 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Национальные районы СССР]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|ru|Национальные районы СССР}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Ukrainian. (December 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 266 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Ukrainian Wikipedia article at [[:uk:Національний район]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|uk|Національний район}} to the talk page.
For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (December 2023)

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

For Poles in Belarus:^[3]

Dzierżyńszczyzna (1932–1937), centered in Dzyarzhynsk

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

For Greeks in Russia:^[4]

Greek Autonomous District (1930–1939), centered in Krymskaya (now Krymsk)

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

For Bulgarians in Ukraine:^[1]

Blahoieve Raion, centered in Blahoieve (now Velykyi Buialyk)
Kolarivka Raion [uk], centered in Kolarivka (now Sofiivka)
Vilshanka Raion, centered in Vilshanka

For Germans in Ukraine:^[1]

Luxemburg National German Raion [ru] (1924–1939), centered in Luxemburg (now Rozivka)

For Jews in Ukraine:^[1]

Kalinindorf Jewish Raion [uk] (1927–1958), centered in Velyka Seideminukha (now Kalynivske, Kherson Oblast)
Novozlatopil National Jewish Raion [uk] (1929–?), centered in Novozlatopil [uk]
Stalindorf National Jewish Raion [uk] (1930–?), centered in various settlements over the course of its existence

For Poles in Ukraine:^[5]

Marchlewszczyzna (1925–1935), centered in Marchlewsk (now Dovbysh)

For Russians in Ukraine:^[1]

Chuhuiv Raion (1927–present), centered in Chuhuiv
Kosiorovsky Russian National Raion [uk] (1930–?), centered in various settlements over the course of its existence
Putyvl Raion (1927–2020), centered in Putyvl
Sorokyne Raion (1927–2020), centered in Sorokyne
Stanytsia-Luhanska Raion (1927–2020), centered in Stanytsia Luhanska
Velyka Pysarivka Raion (1927–2020), centered in Velyka Pysarivka

[1]
"НАЦІОНАЛЬНЕ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНЕ БУДІВНИЦТВО В УСРР/УРСР 1924–1940". resource.history.org.ua. Archived from the original on 10 December 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
[2]
Martin, Terry (December 1998). "The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing". The Journal of Modern History. 70 (4): 813–861. Archived from the original on 2020-12-15.
[3]
"ПОЛЬСКИЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В БССР В 1930-е гг."
[4]
"Репрессии в 1930-1950 гг. по отношению к грекам СССР". 5 May 2008. Archived from the original on 22 April 2023.
[5]
Kabachiy, Roman (29 May 2009). "Polish in Polissia". The Ukrainian Week.

National districts of the Soviet Union

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

Wikiwand in your browser!

National districts of the Soviet Union

Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

Wikiwand in your browser!

Background

List

See also

References