Muhammad Bin Al-Qāsim al-Qundūsi ( Arabic: محمد بن القاسم القندوسي; born c. 1790 – died 1861) was an Algerian Sufi calligrapher and scholar who was born in Qanaadasa in southwest Algeria.
Muhammad bin Al-Qasim al-Qundusi | |
---|---|
محمد بن القاسم القندوسي | |
Born | 1790 |
Died | 1861 (aged 70–71) |
Known for | Calligraphy |
Biography
Al-Qundusi was born in Qanaadasa in 1790 in southwest Algeria.[1][2] In 1828, he migrated to Fes, where he lived and had a hanout in the herb market, in which he sold herbs.[3]
He lived in relative obscurity, though those who knew him described him as gnostic, saintly, esoterically knowledgeable, and spiritually insightful.[4]
He wrote many books and transcribed a number of dawawin, or collected works. He conferred upon the Moroccan Alawite Sultan Sliman a degree in knowledge of the Dala'il al-Khayrat, a seminal Sufi text composed by the 15th-century Muhammad al-Jazuli.[5] al-Qundusi passed away in 1861.[2][6]
He was a Sufi associated with the Qadiri and Nasiri orders.[7]
Calligraphy
He was a talented calligrapher, specializing in a flamboyant style of the Maghrebi script that he innovated. He also created a copy of the Quran in 12 volumes which he finished on September 7–8, 1850, and which is kept in al-Khizāna al-Ḥassania.[8] He drew the name of Allah in the Zawiya of Idriss II in Fes.[9]
- Surah Al-'Alaq of the Quran written with Al-Qundusi calligraphy, Islamic Calligraphy Museum of Tlemcen.
Works
His works include:
- التأسيس في مساوي الدنيا ومهاوي إبليس.[10] completed 1838[11]
- البوارق الأحمدية في الحركة والسكونية
- الصلاة الوافية من الأحوال الظلمانية
- التلوين والتمكين في مطلع الصلاة على صاحب الوحي المبين completed 1852
- The Drink of the People of Purity in Prayers upon the Chosen Prophet[12] (or شراب أهل الصفا في الصلاة على النبي المصطفى), also known as طريق المعراج إلى حضرة صاحب التاج completed in 1838
- The Grand Elixir of Invocations سيف العناية لمريد الكفاية
Legacy
Most of his works are now kept at the national library in Rabat.[14]
His works inspired a typeface called Qandus,[15] which was designed by Kristyan Sarkis of TPTQ Arabic, and won the Type Directors Club's 2017 Typeface Design Award.[16]
References
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