- Burnham Army Camp
- Tekapo Army Training Area
- HQ 3 Land Force Group
- Queen Alexandra's Mounted Rifles, Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps - Reconnaissance Role (30 NZLAV)
- 2nd/1st Battalion, Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (Light Infantry)
- 2nd Canterbury, and Nelson-Marlborough and West Coast Battalion Group (Territorial Force)
- 4th Otago and Southland Battalion Group (Territorial Force)
- 3 Field Troop, 2 Engineer Regiment, Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers
- 3 Signals Squadron Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals
- 3 Logistics Battalion, Royal New Zealand Army Logistic Regiment
- 3 Military Police Platoon, Royal New Zealand Military Police
- Medical Treatment Centre, 2 Health Services Battalion, Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps
- Army Adventure Training Centre
- 3 Regional Training Unit
- Health Services School, 2 Health Services Battalion, Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps
- New Zealand Army Band
Historically the South Island has provided 1/3 of the New Zealand Army's strength.[citation needed]
- HQ Southern Military District, King Edward Barracks, Christchurch
- 5th Division (New Zealand) (1942–1943)
- HQ 3 Infantry Brigade, King Edward Barracks, Christchurch
- Addington Barracks, Christchurch
- Canterbury and Nelson Military District Ordnance Depot, King Edwards Barracks, Christchurch, 1907 to 1921
- Canterbury Infantry Regiment, New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1914–1919)
- Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment (1911–1921)
- Canterbury and Nelson Military District Stores Depot, King Edwards Barracks, Christchurch, (1907 to 1921)
- Canterbury Regiment (1921–1964)
- Canterbury Rifle Volunteers (1859–1866)
- Canterbury Yeomanry Cavalry (1921–1944)*
- Otago Districts Stores Depot, Defence Stores Department, St Andrews Street (1907 to 1921)
- Fort Arthur, Nelson
- King Edward Barracks, Christchurch
- Marlborough Rifle Volunteers (1861–1866)
- Nelson Battalion of Militia (1845)
- Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast Regiment (1923–1964)
- Nelson-Marlborough Mounted Rifles(1921–1944)
- Nelson Volunteer Rifles (1860–1901)
- Otago and Southland Regiment (1948–1964)
- Otago Mounted Rifle Regiment (1911–1921)
- Otago Mounted Rifles (1921–1944)
- Otago Regiment (1921–1948)
- Otago Infantry Regiment, New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1914–1919)
- Southern Districts Ordnance Depot (1921 to 1968)
- Southland Regiment (1921–1948)
- 1st (Canterbury) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 1st Mounted Rifles (Canterbury Yeomanry Cavalry) (1911–1944)
- 2nd Battalion (Canterbury, Nelson, Marlborough and West Coast), Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (1964–1999)
- 2nd (South Canterbury) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 3rd Armoured Regiment, Royal New Zealand Armoured Corps (1944–1956)
- 3 Central Ordnance Deport(1968 to 1979)
- 3 Field Ambulance, Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps
- 3rd Field Regiment Royal New Zealand Artillery (1940–1990)
- 3 Field Squadron, Corps of Royal New Zealand Engineers
- 3 Supply Company (1979 to 1993)
- 3 Transport Squadron, Royal New Zealand Corps of Transport
- 4th Battalion (Otago and Southland), Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment (1964–1999)
- 4th (Otago Rifles) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 5th Mounted Rifles (Otago Hussars) (1911–1921)
- 5th Light Regiment Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery (1956–1964)
- 7th (Southland) Mounted Rifles (1911–1921)
- 8th (South Canterbury) Mounted Rifles (1911–1921)
- 8th (Southland Rifles) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 10th (Nelson) Mounted Rifles (1911–1921)
- 10th (North Otago Rifles) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 11th Coast Regiment Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery
- 12th (Nelson and Marlborough) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 12th (Otago) Mounted Rifles (1911–1921)
- 13th Coast Regiment Royal Regiment of New Zealand Artillery
- 13th (North Canterbury and Westland) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 14th (South Otago Rifles) Regiment (1911–1921)
- 20th Armoured Regiment, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)
- 20th Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)
- 23rd Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)
- 26th Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)
- 30th Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)
- 37th Battalion, 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force, (1939–1945)