Airborne Express

Airborne Express was an express delivery company and cargo airline. Headquartered in Seattle, Washington, its hub was in Wilmington, Ohio. Airborne was founded as the Airborne Flower Traffic Association of California in 1946 to fly flowers from Hawaii to the US mainland. Airborne Express was acquired by DHL in 2003. Prior to the acquisition, it rose to be the third largest private express delivery company in the United States, behind Federal Express (FedEx Express) and United Parcel Service (UPS).

Airborne Express

IATA ICAO Call sign GB ABX ABEX
Founded	1946; 79 years ago (1946)
Ceased operations	Air operations: August 15, 2003; 21 years ago (August 15, 2003) Ground logistics: November 10, 2008; 16 years ago (November 10, 2008)
Hubs	Wilmington, Ohio
Headquarters	Seattle, Washington
Key people	Carl Donaway (president)

Airborne Express 767

History

Growth during Airborne's first 22 years was slow, but in 1968, the airline known as Airbourne Freight Company,^[1] started going through some changes. The company Air Cargo Equipment Corporation developed and patented a special narrow container, known in the industry later as the "C" container (referring to its C shape), which allowed the more efficient use of space within large jet aircraft.^[2] The containers also eliminated the need to modify the cargo doors, thus saving any air-freight company that used them substantial sums of money. It does appear that around this time, early on, that Airborne began using the more efficient containers. Known at that time as Airborne of California, the company merged with Pacific Air Freight of Seattle. The newly formed airline moved its headquarters north to Seattle and changed its name to Airborne Freight Corporation. This was the name they kept until 1980.

Growth from 1980 to 2003

• 1980: The airline changed its name to Airborne Express Inc. after buying Midwest Air Charter.^[3] Airborne Express made history by buying the Clinton County Air Force Base in Wilmington, and became the first airline in history to own and operate an airport. A number of NAMC YS-11 twin-engined turboprop freight conversions were also purchased. From that point on, Wilmington, Ohio became the company's main freight-sorting hub.^[4]
• 1988: Airborne started offering same day delivery after buying Sky Courier (now DHL SameDay) as well as forming contracts with other private logistical contractors, in every city where they operated an office. The vehicles (mostly vans), and the drivers employed by these contracted companies, were all outfitted with the colors and uniforms of the rapidly recognizable Airborne colors: gray, red and black.^{[5][better source needed]} Around this time, Airborne Express offered a less expensive second-day package service, which was modeled after Federal Express' second-day, or "P2" (priority two) parcel service.^[6]
• 1989: Airborne Express changes its name to ABX Air.^[7]
• 1991: Airborne received awards from three major companies, including Volvo, and in 1992, the airline introduced Flight-Ready SM, a prepaid express letters and Express Pack^[8] system.
• 1993: Airborne introduced the Airborne Logistics System (ALS), which provided Airborne with warehousing and distribution services.
• 1994: Airborne opened the Ocean Services Division, and along with ALS, helped establish the first new film distribution program for Technicolor labs since 1944. In addition, relations were established with Vietnam.
• 1995: Airborne opened a second runway at Wilmington, and Boeing 767 jets were added to the fleet. The Airborne Alliance Group took care of many departments of the company.
• 1996: Airborne's stock tripled, which would later lead to a two-for-one stock split in February 1998. Formed that year was Airborne Brokerage Services.
• 1998: Airborne entered the Fortune 500 list for the first time. Airborne's first of 30 total Boeing 767s arrived at Wilmington, and the airline won an award from The Business Consumer Guide.
• 1999: Airborne@Home, an alliance with the United States Postal Service, was formed.
• 2000: Carl Donaway became the company's new president, which led to many managerial changes. Also that year, Airborne started a ground service for the first time in its history.
• 2001: Airborne Express launched Ground Delivery Service and 10:30 AM Delivery Service. Airborne.com launched some services of its own, including the Small Business Center and Airborne eCourier.
• August 14, 2003: Airborne shareholders approved the acquisition of Airborne Inc. by DHL of Brussels, Belgium. DHL is 100% owned by Deutsche Post World Net. The acquisition became effective the next day. DHL retained ownership of Airborne's ground operations and spun off its air operations as ABX Air, Inc.

Incidents and accidents

Airborne Express has experienced seven accidents, with six of them being hull losses, and two resulting in fatalities.^[9]

• On June 11, 1979, a de Havilland Dove operated by Midwest Air Charter on behalf of Airborne Express made a belly landing at St. Louis Lambert International Airport. Both crew members survived, but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair and written off.^[10]
• On June 19, 1980, a Sud Aviation Caravelle VI-R made a hard landing at Atlanta Municipal Airport (now Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport), causing its left main landing gear to collapse. The aircraft was caught in wake turbulence from a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar. The four occupants (three crew members and one passenger) on board survived. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair and written off.^[11]
• On February 5, 1985, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15 crashed after takeoff from Philadelphia International Airport. Both pilots on board survived, but the aircraft was substantially damaged and written off.^[12]
• On August 20, 1987, Airborne Express Flight 124, a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31, was back taxiing on Runway 09/27 at Stewart International Airport during deteriorating weather conditions, when an Emery Worldwide (operating as Rosenbalm Aviation Flight 074) Douglas DC-8-63F, landed on the same runway without clearance, The DC-9's tail was struck by the DC-8's wing. There were no fatalities and both aircraft were repaired and returned to service.^[13]
• On January 29, 1990, a Cessna 208 Caravan crashed after takeoff from Burlington International Airport. The pilot and the passenger, the aircraft's only occupants, were both killed. This was the first fatal accident for Airborne Express. The accident was caused by the overloading of the aircraft and pilot error due to the aircraft not being de-iced before departure.^[14]
• On March 6, 1992, a NAMC YS-11A operating a training flight was damaged beyond repair and written off when it made a belly landing at the Wilmington-Airborne Airpark after the crew accidentally forgot to lower the landing gear. All three crew members on board survived.^[15]
• On December 22, 1996, Flight 827, a Douglas DC-8-63F, crashed in Narrows, Virginia while performing a flight test. All six people on board were killed. This is the airline's deadliest accident.^[16][17]

See also

• List of defunct airlines of the United States
• ABX Air

References

1. "Airbourne Freight Company". Airline History. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
2. Rau, Blase C. "Patent" (PDF). U.S. Patent Office.
3. "Midwest Air Charter". ABX Air. Archived from the original on February 24, 2019. Retrieved October 24, 2023.
4. Skochins, Kerry. "ABX buys Ohio airport". fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
5. Speed, Jeff (May 5, 2004). "One of thousands of identical vans". flickr. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
6. Gaston, Michael. "Airborne Service Through the Years". slideplayer. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
7. "Airborne Express". Wilmington News-Journal. March 23, 1989. p. 7A. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
8. Vickers, Pat. "ABX Express Pack". twitter. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
9. Ranter, Harro. "Aviation Safety Network > ASN Aviation Safety Database > Operator index > United States of America > Airborne Express". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
10. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Carstedt Jet Liner 600F N906MW Saint Louis-Lambert International Airport, MO (STL)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
11. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Sud Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-R N905MW Atlanta Municipal Airport, GA (ATL)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
12. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15 N926AX Philadelphia International Airport, PA (PHL)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
13. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 N908AX Newburgh-Stewart Airport, NY (SWF)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
14. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Cessna 208B Grand Caravan N4688B Burlington International Airport, VT (BTV)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
15. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident NAMC YS-11A-205 N918AX Wilmington-Airborne Airpark, OH (ILN)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
16. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-8-63F N827AX Narrows, VA". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved September 5, 2019.
17. "Uncontrolled Flight into Terrain, ABX Air (Airborne Express) Douglas DC-8-63, N827AX, Narrows, Virginia, December 22, 1996" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. July 15, 1997. NTSB/AAR-97/05. Retrieved September 5, 2019.