Midong, Ürümqi

Midong District (Chinese: 米东区; pinyin: Mǐdōng Qū; Uyghur: مىچۈەن-كۆكتاغ رايونى, romanized: Michüen-Köktagh Rayoni, Miqüen-Kɵktaƣ Rayoni, Мичүән-Көктағ Райони) is one of 7 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Ürümqi, the capital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Northwest China. Its land area is 3,408 km² (1,316 sq mi); it has a population of 296,000.^[2]

Midong 米东区 • مىچۈەن-كۆكتاغ رايونى
District
Buddhist temple in Midong
Midong in Ürümqi
Midong Location of the seat in Xinjiang Show map of Dzungaria Midong Midong (Xinjiang) Show map of Xinjiang Midong Midong (China) Show map of China
Coordinates: 43°48′N 87°35′E
Country	China
Province	Xinjiang
Prefecture-level city	Ürümqi
District seat	Gumudi East Road Subdistrict
Area
• Total	3,397 km2 (1,312 sq mi)
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	512,870
• Density	150/km2 (390/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard[a])
Website	www.xjmd.gov.cn

Midong, Ürümqi
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	米东区
Traditional Chinese	米東區
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Mǐdōng Qū
Uyghur name
Uyghur	مىچۈەن-كۆكتاغ رايونى‎‎
Transcriptions Latin Yëziqi Michüen-Köktagh Rayoni Yengi Yeziⱪ Miqüen-Kɵktaƣ Rayoni Siril Yëziqi Мичүән-Көктағ Райони

History

Aerial view of Midong District, Urumqi

Midong District was formed in 2007 by merging the former "Dongshan District" (Chinese: 东山区; pinyin: Dōngshān Qū; Uyghur: دۇڭسەن رايونى, romanized: Dungsen Rayoni, Dungsən Rayoni, Дуңсән Раүони) of Ürümqi (244 km² or 94 sq mi, population of 100,000, as per the 2002 Census) with the "Miquan City" (Chinese: 米泉市; pinyin: Mǐquán Shì; Uyghur: مىچۈەن شەھىرى, romanized: Michüen shehiri; formerly part of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture).^[2]

Geography

Midong District includes northern and eastern suburbs of Ürümqi, as well as a large slice of the Gurbantünggüt Desert north of the city which is administratively included into Ürümqi.

The natural water sources in the Ürümqi area mostly consist of streams that flow from the snow-capped Tian Shan mountains south of the city. Since Midong District is located north and therefore downstream, of the main urban area, the water supply problems there are particularly acute.^[3] To enable the area's economic development, the Irtysh–Ürümqi Canal was brought to Midong during the first decade of the 20th century. Its main terminal is the so-called "Reservoir 500", constructed at the border of Midong District and Fukang County-level City (44°12′00″N 87°49′00″E).^[4]

Administrative divisions

Midong District contains 7 subdistricts, 5 towns, 1 township and 1 ethnic township:

Name	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Uyghur (UEY)	Uyghur Latin (ULY)	Administrative division code
Subdistricts
Petrochemical Subdistrict	石化街道	Shíhuà Jiēdào	نېفىت خىمىيە سانائىتى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Nëfit ximiye sana'iti kocha bashqarmisi	650109001
Dibang Subdistrict	地磅街道	Dìbàng Jiēdào	دىباڭ كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Dibang kocha bashqarmisi	650109002
Qiaziwan Subdistrict	卡子湾街道	Qiǎzǐwān Jiēdào	چازىۋەن كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Chaziwen kocha bashqarmisi	650109003
Gumudi East Road Subdistrict	古牧地东路街道	Gǔmùdìdōnglù Jiēdào	گۇمۇدى شەرقىي يولى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Gumudi sherqiy yoli kocha bashqarmisi	650109004
Gumudi West Road Subdistrict	古牧地西路街道	Gǔmùdìxīlù Jiēdào	گۇمۇدى غەربىي يولى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Gumudi gherbiy yoli kocha bashqarmisi	650109005
South Road Subdistrict	南路街道	Nánlù Jiēdào	جەنۇبىي مىچۈەن-كۆكتاغ يولى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Jenubiy michüen-köktagh yoli kocha bashqarmisi	650109006
Yongxiang Street Subdistrict	永祥街街道	Yǒngxiángjiē Jiēdào	يۇڭشياڭ كوچىسى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Yungshyang kochisi kocha bashqarmisi	650109007
Shengda East Road Subdistrict	永祥街街道	Yǒngxiángjiē Jiēdào	شېڭدا شەرقىي يولى كوچا باشقارمىسى‎	Shëngda sherqiy yoli kocha bashqarmisi	650109008
Towns
Gumudi Town	古牧地镇	Gǔmùdì Zhèn	گۇمۇدى بازىرى‎	Gumudi baziri	650109100
Tiechanggou Town	铁厂沟镇	Tiěchǎnggōu Zhèn	تيېچاڭگۇ بازىرى‎	Tyëchanggu baziri	650109101
Changshanzi Town	长山子镇	Chángshānzǐ Zhèn	چاڭشەنزى بازىرى‎	Changshenzi baziri	650109102
Yangmaogong Town	羊毛工镇	Yángmáogōng Zhèn	ياڭماۋگۇڭ بازىرى‎	Yangmawgung baziri	650109103
Sandaoba Town	三道坝镇	Sāndàobà Zhèn	سەنداۋبا بازىرى‎	Sendawba baziri	650109104
Township
Lucaogou Township	芦草沟乡	Lúcǎogōu Xiāng	لۇساۋگۇ يېزىسى‎	Lusawgu yëzisi	650109201
Ethnic township
Baiyanghe Kazakh Ethnic Township	柏杨河哈萨克族乡	Bǎiyánghé Hāsàkèzú Xiāng	بەيياڭخې قازاق يېزىسى‎	Beyyangxë qazaq yëzisi	650109200

Climate

Climate data for Midong District, elevation 600 m (2,000 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	10.3 (50.5)	6.9 (44.4)	24.8 (76.6)	34.4 (93.9)	37.9 (100.2)	40.9 (105.6)	43.7 (110.7)	41.6 (106.9)	39.0 (102.2)	31.7 (89.1)	19.5 (67.1)	14.8 (58.6)	43.7 (110.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−9.9 (14.2)	−5.5 (22.1)	6.3 (43.3)	20.0 (68.0)	26.3 (79.3)	31.2 (88.2)	32.9 (91.2)	31.8 (89.2)	25.9 (78.6)	16.2 (61.2)	3.6 (38.5)	−6.9 (19.6)	14.3 (57.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−13.7 (7.3)	−9.4 (15.1)	1.6 (34.9)	13.4 (56.1)	19.5 (67.1)	24.7 (76.5)	26.5 (79.7)	24.9 (76.8)	18.9 (66.0)	10.0 (50.0)	−0.4 (31.3)	−10.3 (13.5)	8.8 (47.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−16.5 (2.3)	−12.4 (9.7)	−2.1 (28.2)	8.1 (46.6)	13.8 (56.8)	19.3 (66.7)	21.3 (70.3)	19.6 (67.3)	13.6 (56.5)	5.7 (42.3)	−3.2 (26.2)	−12.9 (8.8)	4.5 (40.1)
Record low °C (°F)	−28.4 (−19.1)	−27.9 (−18.2)	−23.4 (−10.1)	−7.2 (19.0)	0.0 (32.0)	7.5 (45.5)	11.6 (52.9)	7.5 (45.5)	1.0 (33.8)	−8.0 (17.6)	−26.7 (−16.1)	−29.7 (−21.5)	−29.7 (−21.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	8.8 (0.35)	10.2 (0.40)	15.2 (0.60)	29.9 (1.18)	33.9 (1.33)	20.7 (0.81)	30.1 (1.19)	26.2 (1.03)	16.6 (0.65)	21.1 (0.83)	18.3 (0.72)	15.3 (0.60)	246.3 (9.69)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	8.4	7.0	4.5	6.2	6.3	6.8	7.1	5.9	4.1	4.7	6.1	9.0	76.1
Average snowy days	18.7	14.1	5.9	1.7	0	0	0	0	0	1.1	7.9	17.4	66.8
Average relative humidity (%)	81	79	69	45	40	40	42	41	43	56	75	82	58
Mean monthly sunshine hours	64.2	104.5	208.4	269.4	309.8	309.4	311.0	310.2	278.7	231.6	112.9	50.7	2,560.8
Percentage possible sunshine	22	35	55	66	67	67	67	73	76	70	40	19	55
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6]

Notes

1. Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.