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Maykop[a] is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.

Quick Facts Майкоп, Other transcription(s) ...
Maykop
Майкоп
Other transcription(s)
  AdygheМыекъуапэ
  UbykhГъакъыва
From the top to bottom, Skyline of Maykop, Maykop Train Station, Maykop Grand Mosque, Maykop Brewery
Flag of Maykop
Coat of arms of Maykop
Location of Maykop
Maykop is located in Republic of Adygea
Maykop
Maykop
Location of Maykop
Maykop is located in European Russia
Maykop
Maykop
Maykop (European Russia)
Maykop is located in Caucasus Mountains
Maykop
Maykop
Maykop (Caucasus Mountains)
Maykop is located in Black Sea
Maykop
Maykop
Maykop (Black Sea)
Coordinates: 44°36′N 40°05′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectAdygea[1]
FoundedMay 1857
City status since1870
Government
  BodyCouncil of People's Deputies
  HeadNikolay Pivovarov
Area
  Total
58.62 km2 (22.63 sq mi)
Elevation
220 m (720 ft)
Population
  Total
144,249
  Estimate 
(2018)[4]
141,970 (−1.6%)
  Rank120th in 2010
  Density2,500/km2 (6,400/sq mi)
  Subordinated toMaykop Republican Urban Okrug[1]
  Capital ofRepublic of Adygea
  Capital ofMaykop Republican Urban Okrug[1]
  Urban okrugMaykop Urban Okrug[5]
  Capital ofMaykop Urban Okrug[5]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[6])
Postal code(s)[7]
385000
Dialing code(s)+7 8772
OKTMO ID79701000001
City DayFirst Saturday of June
Websiteweb.archive.org/web/20020604231940/http://www.admins.maykop.ru/
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Population: 143,385(2021 Census);[8] 144,249(2010 Census);[3] 156,931(2002 Census);[9] 148,608(1989 Soviet census).[10]

More information Year, Pop. ...
Historical population
YearPop.±%
189734,300    
192652,525+53.1%
193955,871+6.4%
195982,135+47.0%
1970110,212+34.2%
1979127,828+16.0%
1989148,608+16.3%
2002156,931+5.6%
2010144,249−8.1%
2021143,385−0.6%
Source: Census data
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History

The city gave its name to the early Bronze Age Maykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.[11]

Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825,[12] the Imperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.[13]

In 1910 oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.[14] The city was the administrative center of the Maykopsky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.

In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast and became the administrative centre of the autonomy. The Wehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of a Brandenburger commando operation. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army re-took the town.[15]

Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.

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Economy

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Brewery (cultural heritage)

The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:[16]

As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.[5]

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Ethnic groups

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Grand Mosque of Maykop
Thumb
Holy Trinity Orthodox cathedral

Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010):[17]

More information Ethnicity, Population ...
Ethnicity Population Percentage
Russians 96 119 71,29%
Adyghe 26 584 18,19%
Armenians 4 085 3,03%
Ukrainians 2 537 1,88%
Cherkess 1 812 1,34%
Tatars 895 0,66%
Belarusians 530 0,39%
Chechens 448 0,33%
Azerbaijanis 339 0,25%
Caucasus Greeks 312 0,23%
Kabardians 246 0,18%
Georgians 241 0,18%
Germans 235 0,17%
Romani 201 0,15%
Ingush 155 0,11%
Ossetians 152 0,11%
Abkhaz 136 0,10%
Uzbeks 102 0,08%
Others 1 757 1,30%
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Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020):[18]

More information Ethnicity, Population ...
Ethnicity Population Percentage
Russians 84 913 59,22%
Adyghe 20 339 14,18%
Cherkess 5 750 4,01%
Armenians 3 242 2,26%
Ukrainians 925 0,65%
Tatars 556 0,39%
Turkmens 461 0,32%
Chechens 363 0,25%
Azerbaijanis 302 0,21%
Others 26 534 18,31%
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Education

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Maykop female grammar school

Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop. There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.

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Geography

Climate

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Maykop Railway station

Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification, or just within the humid continental climate (Dfa) zone according to the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm.

More information Climate data for Maykop (1991-2020), Month ...
Climate data for Maykop (1991-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.5
(32.9)
1.5
(34.7)
6.1
(43.0)
11.7
(53.1)
16.7
(62.1)
20.7
(69.3)
23.5
(74.3)
23.2
(73.8)
18.2
(64.8)
12.4
(54.3)
6.1
(43.0)
2
(36)
11.9
(53.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 58
(2.3)
47
(1.9)
62
(2.4)
59
(2.3)
87
(3.4)
98
(3.9)
62
(2.4)
64
(2.5)
77
(3.0)
86
(3.4)
71
(2.8)
64
(2.5)
835
(32.8)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 9 7 9 9 10 9 6 6 8 8 8 9 98
Mean monthly sunshine hours 89 114 141 196 244 273 312 292 222 167 119 85 2,254
Source: Гидрометцентр России[19]
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More information Climate data for Maykop, Month ...
Climate data for Maykop
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 3.9
(39.0)
5.8
(42.4)
11.0
(51.8)
18.2
(64.8)
22.6
(72.7)
26.2
(79.2)
28.9
(84.0)
28.5
(83.3)
24.3
(75.7)
17.6
(63.7)
12.3
(54.1)
6.9
(44.4)
17.2
(62.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.5
(31.1)
1.3
(34.3)
5.7
(42.3)
12.6
(54.7)
16.8
(62.2)
20.3
(68.5)
22.8
(73.0)
22.3
(72.1)
18.1
(64.6)
12.0
(53.6)
7.6
(45.7)
2.8
(37.0)
11.8
(53.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −4.9
(23.2)
−3.3
(26.1)
0.4
(32.7)
6.9
(44.4)
11.0
(51.8)
14.4
(57.9)
16.7
(62.1)
16.0
(60.8)
11.9
(53.4)
6.3
(43.3)
2.8
(37.0)
−1.3
(29.7)
6.4
(43.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 60
(2.4)
41
(1.6)
51
(2.0)
58
(2.3)
73
(2.9)
89
(3.5)
70
(2.8)
58
(2.3)
62
(2.4)
66
(2.6)
75
(3.0)
69
(2.7)
772
(30.4)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 27.0
(10.6)
11.1
(4.4)
10.2
(4.0)
0.9
(0.4)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.6
(0.2)
6.7
(2.6)
15.8
(6.2)
72.3
(28.4)
Average precipitation days 8 7 8 8 8 9 7 6 7 7 9 10 94
Average relative humidity (%) 80 76 71 65 69 68 66 66 67 73 75 79 71
Average ultraviolet index 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 4 3 2 2 4
Source 1: worldweather.org[20]
Source 2: Weather2visit(Humidity)[21] World Weather Online(Snowfall-UV 2009-2023)[22]
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February 15, 2010 saw Maykop record the absolute maximum for any winter month in Russia: 23.4 °C or 74.1 °F.[citation needed]

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Military

On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces which took part in the First Chechen War.

Notable people

Notes

  1. Russian: Майкоп, IPA: [mɐj'kop]; Adyghe: Мыекъуапэ, romanized: Myiequape, IPA: [məjɜqʷaːpɜ]

References

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