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Louis Anseaume (1721 – 7 July 1784) was a French playwright and librettist from Paris.
He contributed the words for operas by André Ernest Modeste Grétry, Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny, Egidio Romualdo Duni, Christoph Willibald Gluck, and François-André Danican Philidor. He is credited with developing the genre of comédie mêlée d'ariettes ('comedy mixed with ariettes'), a type of opéra comique.
A prompter and répétiteur at Comédie Italienne, he was deputy director of the Opéra-Comique and wrote some forty plays, often in collaboration with Charles-Simon Favart, including several opéras-comiques with Duni:
- Le Chinois poli en France (1754)
- Le Peintre amoureux de son modèle (1757), music by Duni
- La Fausse Esclave (1758), music by Gluck
- Cendrillon (1759), music by Laruette
- L'Île des fous (1760), music by Duni
- Mazet (1761), music by Duni
- Le Milicien (1762), music by Duni
- Les Deux Chasseurs et la Laitière (1763), music by Duni
- La Clochette (1766), music by Duni
- Le tableau parlant (1769), music by Grétry
He was one of the founders of the French opéra comique genre.
- The Oxford Dictionary of Opera, by John Warrack and Ewan West (1992), ISBN 0-19-869164-5.
- His plays and their presentations on CÉSAR
- Cendrillon
- Louis Anseaume dans les Anecdotes dramatiques de 1775
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