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Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).[1][2] It is also called geospatial data and information,[citation needed] georeferenced data and information,[citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation.[citation needed]
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Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).
There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.
Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:
"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology."
The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:
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