List of stars that have unusual dimming periods

This list of stars that have unusual dimming periods is a table of stars that have been observed to darken and brighten and do not appear to be eclipsing binaries or intrinsic variables. It is based on studies searching for analogs of Tabby's Star.^[1][2]

Artist's concept of an "uneven ring of dust" orbiting KIC 8462852, also known as Tabby's Star

The listing here is ordered alphabetically.

List

Tabby's Star (KIC 8462852) – Consolidated plot of all known dimmings (1 March 2020)

Star designation	Stellar class	Magnitude		Right ascension (J2000)	Declination (J2000)	Distance (light-years)	Reason for dimming
		Apparent	Absolute
ASASSN-V J193622.23+115244.1	—	14.0–15.5[3]	—	19h 36m 22.23s[3]	+11° 52′ 44.1″[3]	6592[3]	Unknown
ASASSN-V J213939.3-702817.4	F0V[4]	12.95–14.22[5]	2.5[5]	21h 39m 39.3s[5]	−70° 28′ 17.4″[5]	3630[4]	Unknown
Betelgeuse	M1-2[6]	+0.50[7]	—	05h 55m 10.30536s[8]	+07° 24′ 25.4304″[8]	—	"large-grain circumstellar dust"[9][10]
EPIC 204278916	M1[11]	13.7[12]	—	16h 02m 07.576s[13]	−22° 57′ 46.89″[13]	—	Dust disk
EPIC 204376071	M[14]	—	—	16h 04m 10.1267s[15]	−22° 34′ 45.5503″[15]	440[14]	Possibly giant planet or brown dwarf with rings
HD 139139 (EPIC 249706694)	G3/5V	9.84;[16] 9.677[17]	—	15h 37m 06.215s[17]	−19° 08′ 32.96″[17]	350[18] 572[17]	Unknown
KH 15D	K7[19]	15.5–21.5[20]	6.226[21]	06h 41m 10.31s[22]	+09° 28′ 33.2″[22]	773[23]	Possibly circumbinary disk
KIC 4150611 (HD 181469)	Pulsator/K/M/G	—	—	19h 18m 58.21759s[24]	+39° 16′ 01.7913″[24]	—	Five-star system
PDS 110	keF6 IVeb[25]	10.422[25]	2.54[25]	05h 23m 31.008s[25]	–01° 04′ 23.68″[25]	1090[25]	Possibly eclipses by circumstellar dust[26]
RW Cephei	K2 0-Ia[27]	6.0–7.6[28]	—	22h 23m 07.01521s[29]	+55° 57′ 47.6244″[29]	11,000[30][lower-alpha 1]	Great dimming event similar to Betelgeuse
RZ Piscium	K0 IV[31]	11.29–13.82[31]	—	01h 09m 42.056s[32]	+27° 57′ 1.95″[32]	550[33]	Substantial mass of gas and dust, possibly from disrupted planet
Tabby's Star (KIC 8462852)	F3V[34][35]	11.705[35]	3.08[34]	20h 06m 15.4527s[34]	+44° 27′ 24.791″[34]	1470[34]	Unknown
TIC 400799224	—	—	—	—	—	—	"probably from an orbiting body that periodically emits clouds of dust that occult the star"[36][37]
V1400 Centauri	K5 IV(e) Li[38]	12.31[38]	—	14h 07m 47.93s[38]	−39° 45′ 42.7″[38]	434[39]	Eclipse by a free-floating brown dwarf or rogue planet with a circumstellar disk or ring system[40]
VVV-WIT-07	—	14.35–16.164[41]	—	17h 26m 29.387s[41]	−35° 40′ 6.20″[41]	23000/?[41]	Unknown
VVV-WIT-08	—	—	—	—	—	—	Probably a black hole companion or a free-floating brown dwarf with a circumstellar disk
WD 1145+017 (EPIC 201563164)	DB[42]	17.0[43]	—	11h 48m 33.63s[42]	+01° 28′ 59.4″[42]	570[44]	Dust disk
ZTF J0139+5245 (ZTF J013906.17+524536.89)	DA[45]	18.4[45]	—	01h 39m 06.17s	+52° 45′ 36.89″	564[45]	Dust disk
Gaia17bpp	M0-III	16.13–20.48[46]	—	19h 37m 23.16s	+17° 59′ 02.90″	27,600[47]	Dust disk
Gaia21bcv	K4.5V	17.70–20.12	3.2	07h 14m 33.276s	−12° 13′ 27.34″	4,508	Eclipse by a substellar companion with a 0.5 AU-radius debris disk[48]
ASASSN-21js	B[lower-alpha 2]	12.8	1.38	11h 47m 11.754s	−62° 10′ 36.80″	9,149	Eclipse by a distant substellar companion with a 1.05 AU-radius debris disk[49]

See also

• BD+20°307
• Disrupted planet
• Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC)
• Gaia16aye
• Lists of astronomical objects
• List of semiregular variable stars
• Lists of stars
• List of variable stars
• Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
• WD 0145+234 (star disrupting an exoasteroid)

Notes

1. Assuming membership to Cepheus OB1
2. ASASSN-21js's temperature of 14800+4200
   −2800 K lies within the temperature range for B-type main-sequence stars.^[49]

References

1. Starr, Michelle (28 September 2019). "Astronomers Have Found Another 21 Stars Dimming as Erratically as Tabby's Star". ScienceAlert. Retrieved 28 September 2019.
2. Schmidt, Edward G. (July 2019). "A Search for Analogs of KIC 8462852 (Boyajian's Star): A Proof of Concept and the First Candidates". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 880 (1). L7. Bibcode:2019ApJ...880L...7S. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab2e77. S2CID 199676552.
3. Way, Z.; et al. (11 September 2020). "ASAS-SN Discovery of a Luminous Star undergoing a Deep Dimming Event". The Astronomer's Telegram. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
4. McCollum, B. & Laine, S. (8 June 2019). "Spectral Type of the Unusual Variable ASASSN-V J213939.3-702817.4". The Astronomer's Telegram. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
5. Jayasinghe, T.; et al. (4 June 2019). "ASAS-SN Discovery of an Unusual, Deep Dimming Episode of a Previously Non-Variable Star". The Astronomer's Telegram. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
6. Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. S2CID 123149047.
7. Nicolet, B. (1978). "Catalogue of Homogeneous Data in the UBV Photoelectric Photometric System". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 34: 1–49. Bibcode:1978A&AS...34....1N.
8. van Leeuwen, F (November 2007). "Hipparcos, the New Reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2). VizieR: 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
9. "Dimming Betelgeuse likely isn't cold, just dusty, new study shows" (Press release). University of Washington. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2020 – via EurekAlert!.
10. Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip (24 February 2020). "Betelgeuse just isn't that cool: Effective temperature alone cannot explain the recent dimming of Betelgeuse". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 891 (2). L37. arXiv:2002.10463. Bibcode:2020ApJ...891L..37L. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab7935. S2CID 211296241.
11. Bouy, H. & Martín, Eduardo L. (September 2009). "Proper motions of cool and ultracool candidate members in the Upper Scorpius OB association". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 504 (3): 981–990. arXiv:0907.0149. Bibcode:2009A&A...504..981B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811088. S2CID 14150392.
12. Preibisch, Thomas; et al. (July 2002). "Exploring the Full Stellar Population of the Upper Scorpius OB Association". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (1): 404–416. Bibcode:2002AJ....124..404P. doi:10.1086/341174.
13. Zacharias, N.; et al. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: The Second U.S. Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC2)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues (1289). Bibcode:2003yCat.1289....0Z.
14. Rappaport, S.; et al. (May 2019). "Deep Long Asymmetric Occultation in EPIC 204376071" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 485 (2): 2681–2693. arXiv:1902.08152. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.485.2681R. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz537. S2CID 119470865.
15. "EPIC 204376071". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
16. Høg, E.; et al. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
17. "EPIC Search Results - EPIC 249706694". Space Telescope Science Institute. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
18. Mann, Adam (3 July 2019). "Astronomers Don't Know What to Make of This Incredibly Bizarre Star". Scientific American. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
19. Hamilton, Catrina M.; et al. (2001). "Eclipses by a Circumstellar Dust Feature in the Pre-main-Sequence Star KH 15D". The Astronomical Journal. 554 (2): L201–L204. arXiv:astro-ph/0105412. Bibcode:2001ApJ...554L.201H. doi:10.1086/321707. S2CID 17956137.
20. "V582 Monocerotis". The International Variable Star Index. American Association of Variable Star Observers. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
21. Aronow, Rachel A.; et al. (2018). "Optical and Radio Observations of the T Tauri Binary KH 15D (V582 Mon): Stellar Properties, Disk Mass Limit, and Discovery of a CO Outflow". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (1): 47. arXiv:1711.11434. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...47A. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9ed7. S2CID 59444726.
22. Dahm, S. E. & Simon, Theodore (February 2005). "The T Tauri Star Population of the Young Cluster NGC 2264". The Astronomical Journal. 129 (2): 829–855. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..829D. doi:10.1086/426326.
23. Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; et al. (August 2018). "Estimating distances from parallaxes IV: Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia Data Release 2". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (2). 58. arXiv:1804.10121. Bibcode:2018AJ....156...58B. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aacb21. S2CID 119289017.
24. "HD 181469". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 12 July 2019.
25. Osborn, H. P.; et al. (October 2017). "Periodic Eclipses of the Young Star PDS 110 Discovered with WASP and KELT Photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 471 (1): 740–749. arXiv:1705.10346. Bibcode:2017MNRAS.471..740O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx1249. S2CID 119450480.
26. Osborn, H. P.; Kenworthy, M.; et al. (May 2019). "The PDS 110 observing campaign - photometric and spectroscopic observations reveal eclipses are aperiodic". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 485 (2): 1614–1625. arXiv:1901.07981. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.485.1614O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz283.
27. Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1 October 1989). "The Perkins Catalog of Revised MK Types for the Cooler Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. ISSN 0067-0049. S2CID 123149047.
28. Watson, C. L. (2006). "The International Variable Star Index (VSX)". The Society for Astronomical Sciences 25th Annual Symposium on Telescope Science. Held May 23–25. 25: 47. Bibcode:2006SASS...25...47W.
29. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
30. Parker, Richard J.; Crowther, Paul A.; Rate, Gemma (2020). "Unlocking Galactic Wolf–Rayet stars with Gaia DR2 – II. Cluster and association membership". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (1): 1209–1226. arXiv:2005.02533. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495.1209R. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1290. S2CID 218516882.
31. Samus, N. N.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
32. "V* RZ Psc". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
33. Paez, Danny (21 December 2017). "This "Winking" Star is So Hungry it's Feasting on Planets - An appetite of galactic proportions". Inverse innovation. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
34. Boyajian, T. S.; et al. (April 2016). "Planet Hunters IX. KIC 8462852 – where's the flux?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (4): 3988–4004. arXiv:1509.03622. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.457.3988B. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw218. S2CID 54859232.
35. Masi, Gianluca (16 October 2015). "KIC 8462852: A star and its secrets". The Virtual Telescope Project 2.0. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
36. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (3 January 2022). "Astronomers find mysterious dusty object orbiting a star". Phys.org. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
37. Powell, Brian P.; et al. (8 December 2021). "Mysterious Dust-emitting Object Orbiting TIC 400799224". The Astronomical Journal. 162 (6): 299. arXiv:2110.01019. Bibcode:2021AJ....162..299P. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac2c81. S2CID 238259420.
38. Mamajek, Eric E.; et al. (March 2012). "Planetary Construction Zones in Occultation: Discovery of an Extrasolar Ring System Transiting a Young Sun-like Star and Future Prospects for Detecting Eclipses by Circumsecondary and Circumplanetary Disks". The Astronomical Journal. 143 (3): 72. arXiv:1108.4070. Bibcode:2012AJ....143...72M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/3/72. S2CID 55818711.
39. Kenworthy, Matthew A. & Mamajek, Eric E. (22 January 2015). "Modeling giant extrasolar ring systems in eclipse and the case of J1407b: sculpting by exomoons?". The Astrophysical Journal. 800 (2): 126. arXiv:1501.05652. Bibcode:2015ApJ...800..126K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/126. S2CID 56118870.
40. Kenworthy, M. A.; Klaassen, P. D.; et al. (January 2020). "ALMA and NACO observations towards the young exoring transit system J1407 (V1400 Cen)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 633: A115. arXiv:1912.03314. Bibcode:2020A&A...633A.115K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936141.
41. Saito, Roberto K.; et al. (6 November 2018). "VVV-WIT-07: another Boyajian's star or a Mamajek's object?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 482 (4): 5000–5006. arXiv:1811.02265. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.482.5000S. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3004. S2CID 119068259.
42. "WD 1145+017". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
43. "Planet WD 1145+017 b". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
44. Pulliam, Christine (21 October 2015). "Cosmic "Death Star" is Destroying a Planet". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 2015–21.
45. Vanderbosch, Z.; et al. (26 August 2019). "A White Dwarf with Transiting Circumstellar Material Far Outside Its Tidal Disruption Radius". arXiv:1908.09839v1 [astro-ph.SR].
46. "Gaia17bpp". gsaweb.ast.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
47. Tzanidakis, Anastasios; Davenport, James R. A.; Bellm, Eric C.; Wang, Yuankun (1 September 2023). "Gaia17bpp: A Giant Star with the Deepest and Longest Known Dimming Event". The Astrophysical Journal. 955 (1): 69. arXiv:2306.12409. Bibcode:2023ApJ...955...69T. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aceda7. ISSN 0004-637X.
48. Hodapp, Klaus W.; Gaidos, Eric; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Tucker, Michael; Shappee, Benjamin J.; Payne, Anna V.; et al. (March 2012). "An Episode of Occultation Events in Gaia21bcv". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2): 10. arXiv:2312.16367. Bibcode:2024AJ....167...85H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad1931. 85.
49. Pramono, T. H.; Kenworthy, M. A.; van Boekel, R. (August 2024). "ASASSN-21js: A multi-year transit of a ringed disc". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 688: 8. arXiv:2408.06744. Bibcode:2024A&A...688L..11P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450288. L11.

External links

• SIMBAD Astronomical Database by the Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg