List of monarchs of Carthage

Until 308 BC Carthage was ruled, at least officially, by monarchs, in the sense of the word that executive power was held by one person.^[1] It also seems for the time period below to have been passed down in the clan of the Magonids. The title itself was most likely Suffete.^{[2]: 115–116}

Hannonids

• Hanno I c. 580 – c. 556 BC
• Malchus c. 556 – c. 550 BC

Magonids

• Mago I c. 550 – c. 530 BC
• Hasdrubal I c. 530 – c. 510 BC
• Hamilcar I c. 510–480 BC
• Hanno II 480–440 BC
• Himilco I (in Sicily) 460–410 BC
• Hannibal I 440–406 BC
• Himilco II 406–396 BC
• Mago II 396–375 BC
• Mago III 375–344 BC
• Hanno III 344–340 BC

Hannonids

• Hanno I 340–337 BC
• Gisco 337–330 BC
• Hamilcar II 330–309 BC
• Bomilcar 309–308 BC

In 480 BC, following Hamilcar I's death, the king lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BC, Bomilcar attempted a coup to restore the monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming a republic.^[1]

References

1. Andrew Lintott, Violence, Civil Strife and Revolution in the Classical City: 750-330 BC, Routledge, 2014, p. 66.
2. Miles, Richard (2011). Carthage Must Be Destroyed: The Rise and Fall of an Ancient Civilization. New York: Viking Penguin.