Demographics of Kosovo

The Kosovo Agency of Statistics monitors various demographic features of the population of Kosovo, such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Censuses, normally conducted at ten-year intervals, record the demographic characteristics of the population. The latest census started on 5th of April 2024 and according to the preliminary results, the Republic of Kosovo has 1,586,659 inhabitants, of which 795,046 are men (50.1%) and 791,614 are women (49.9%).^[1] The same year, US CIA World Factbook estimate put the country's population at 1,977,093.^[2] According to the first census conducted after the 2008 declaration of independence in 2011, the permanent population of Kosovo was 1,739,825.^[9][3]: 12

Demographics of Kosovo
Population pyramid of Kosovo in 2022
Population	1,586,659 (2024)[1]
Growth rate	0.68% (2024)[2]
Birth rate	14.4 per 1,000 pop. (2024)[2]
Death rate	7.2 per 1,000 pop. (2024)[2]
Life expectancy	76.7 years (2011)[3]: 13
• male	74.1 years (2011)[3]: 13
• female	79.4 years (2011)[3]: 13
Fertility rate	1.87 children born/woman (2024)[2]
Infant mortality rate	24.9 per 1,000 births[2]
Net migration rate	-0.4 per 1,000 pop. (2024)[2]
Age structure
0–14 years	27.2%
15–64 years	66.1%
65 and over	6.7%
Sex ratio
Total	1.08 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality	noun: Kosovar/Kosovan(s) adjective: Kosovar
Major ethnic	Albanians (95%) (2011 census)
Minor ethnic	Bosniaks (2%), Serbs (1.5%)[note 1] and others (4%) (2011 census)
Language
Official	Albanian
Spoken	Albanian (95%) languages of the minorities (5%)

The 2011 census also shows that Albanians form the majority in Kosovo, with 92.9% of the total population; significant minorities include Bosniaks (1.6%), Serbs (1.5%), Turkish (1.1%), Askhali (0.9%), Egyptian (0.7%), Gorani (0.6%), and Roma (0.5%).^[2][10] However, it excluded North Kosovo — a largely Serb-inhabited region.^[2] Moreover, it was partially boycotted by Romani and Serb communities in South Kosovo.^[2] After Albanians, Serbs form the largest ethnic community in Kosovo (6–7.8%).^{[4][5][6][7][8][10]}

Kosovo has the youngest population in Europe. The average age is 34.8 and median age is 32, as of 2024.^[1][2] In 2008, half of its population was under the age of 25 (United Nations Development Programme data) and more than 65 percent of the population was younger than 30 (government data).^[11]

History

Main article: Demographic history of Kosovo

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1948	732,746	—
1953	815,798	+2.17%
1961	963,715	+2.10%
1971	1,243,811	+2.58%
1981	1,584,440	+2.45%
1991	1,956,196	+2.13%
2011	1,780,021	−0.47%
2024	1,602,515	−0.80%
Source: [12][13][14]

Population of Kosovo from 1921 to 2015

2011 census

The 2011 census recorded Kosovo (excluding North Kosovo) as having 1,739,825 inhabitants.^[15] The European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) has called "for caution when referring to the 2011 census", due to the boycott by Serb-majority municipalities in North Kosovo and the large boycott by Serbs and Roma in southern Kosovo.^[16] The recorded total population was below most previous estimates. The census enjoyed considerable technical assistance from international agencies and appears to have been endorsed by Eurostat; it was, however, the first full census since 1981, and not one of an uninterrupted series. The results show that there were no people temporarily resident in hotels or refugee camps at the time of the census;^[17] that out of 312,711 conventional dwellings, 99,808 (over 30%) were unoccupied;^[17] and that three municipalities designed^{[clarification needed]} under the Ahtisaari Plan to have Serb majorities – Klokot, Novo Brdo, and Štrpce – in fact had ethnic Albanian majorities (although their municipal assemblies have Serb majorities).^[17]

• 
  Kosovo ethnic map 2011 by settlement.
• 
  Distribution of Albanians in Kosovo 2011 by settlements.
• 
  Distribution of Serbs in Kosovo by settlements 2011.
• 
  Distribution of Bosniaks in Kosovo by settlements.
• 
  Distribution of Turks in Kosovo by settlements.
• 
  Distribution of Gorani in Kosovo by settlements.
• 
  Distribution of Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians in Kosovo by settlements.

Vital statistics

Source: Kosovo Agency of Statistics^[18][19][20]

Population estimates in the table below may be unreliable during the 1990s period. Besides, vital statistics do not fully include data from Serb-majority territories. Since 2011, in accordance with European statistical norms, live births and deaths record figures in Kosovo only (excluding foreign countries).

	Average population	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Crude migration rate (per 1000)	Total fertility rate	Female fertile population (15–49 years)
1950	764,000	35,222	12,991	22,231	46.1	17.0	29.1		7.70	164,096
1951	780,000	29,299	14,833	14,466	37.6	19.0	18.5	2.4	6.17	169,877
1952	793,000	35,619	13,867	21,752	44.9	17.5	27.4	-10.7	7.23	175,660
1953	813,000	34,595	16,726	17,869	42.6	20.6	22.0	3.2	6.62	181,445
1954	832,000	38,595	13,201	25,394	46.4	15.9	30.5	-7.1	7.16	185,718
1955	842,000	36,736	15,292	21,444	43.6	18.2	25.5	-13.5	6.62	189,992
1956	859,000	37,819	13,692	24,127	44.0	15.9	28.1	-7.9	6.56	194,265
1957	873,000	34,159	15,300	18,859	39.1	17.5	21.6	-5.3	5.84	192,596
1958	890,000	39,285	11,598	27,687	44.1	13.0	31.1	-11.6	6.62	195,341
1959	921,000	37,364	12,878	24,486	40.6	14.0	26.6	8.2	6.14	199,359
1960	944,000	41,631	13,365	28,266	44.1	14.2	29.9	-4.9	6.64	203,954
1961	967,353	40,561	11,759	28,802	41.9	12.2	29.8	-5.1	6.26	208,550
1962	994,676	41,336	15,024	26,312	41.6	15.1	26.5	1.7	6.23	212,149
1963	1,022,218	41,525	12,423	29,102	40.6	12.2	28.5	-0.8	6.13	217,556
1964	1,051,498	42,557	12,731	29,826	40.5	12.1	28.4	0.2	6.14	224,326
1965	1,082,170	43,569	11,767	31,802	40.3	10.9	29.4	-0.2	5.97	233,584
1966	1,118,003	42,429	10,266	32,163	38.0	9.2	28.8	4.3	5.66	240,125
1967	1,150,622	44,001	11,308	32,693	38.2	9.8	28.4	0.8	5.71	248,992
1968	1,182,952	44,627	10,781	33,846	37.7	9.1	28.6	-0.5	5.64	257,056
1969	1,189,140	46,480	10,892	35,588	39.1	9.2	29.9	-24.7	5.69	267,271
1970	1,219,996	44,496	10,829	33,667	36.5	8.9	27.6	-1.7	5.40	268,960
1971	1,253,975	47,060	10,312	36,748	37.5	8.2	29.3	-1.4	5.74	270,050
1972	1,290,965	47,943	10,270	37,673	37.1	8.0	29.2	0.3	5.57	283,885
1973	1,327,853	47,714	10,358	37,356	35.9	7.8	28.1	0.5	5.35	293,340
1974	1,365,879	49,847	10,075	39,772	36.5	7.4	29.1	-0.5	5.40	303,396
1975	1,404,977	49,310	10,018	39,292	35.1	7.1	28.0	0.6	5.19	313,611
1976	1,446,001	51,355	10,149	41,206	35.5	7.0	28.5	0.7	5.24	324,297
1977	1,486,816	49,849	9,811	40,038	33.5	6.6	26.9	1.3	4.92	334,581
1978	1,525,960	49,027	9,776	39,251	32.1	6.4	25.7	0.6	4.66	344,970
1979	1,565,995	48,125	9,575	38,550	30.7	6.1	24.6	1.6	4.51	349,520
1980	1,552,779	53,147	8,909	44,238	34.2	5.7	28.5	-38.9	4.82	354,068
1981	1,594,451	48,111	9,677	38,434	30.2	6.1	24.1	2.7	4.55	351,396
1982	1,634,893	52,865	10,479	42,386	32.3	6.4	25.9	-0.5	4.71	361,232
1983	1,676,325	49,645	11,040	38,605	29.6	6.6	23.0	2.3	4.29	372,615
1984	1,716,884	55,243	10,573	44,670	32.2	6.2	26.0	-1.8	4.58	391,155
1985	1,760,132	53,925	11,826	42,099	30.6	6.7	23.9	1.3	4.30	403,640
1986	1,803,579	54,519	10,446	44,073	30.2	5.8	24.4	0.3	4.18	415,407
1987	1,848,111	56,221	10,307	45,914	30.4	5.6	24.8	-0.1	4.12	429,439
1988	1,894,131	56,283	10,257	46,026	29.7	5.4	24.3	0.6	3.96	441,867
1989	1,938,794	53,656	10,181	43,475	27.7	5.3	22.4	1.2	3.63	454,260
1990	1,987,056	55,175	8,214	46,961	27.8	4.1	23.6	1.3	3.59	472,145
1991	1,967,675	52,263	8,526	43,737	26.6	4.3	22.2	-32.0	3.52	454,214
1992	2,007,978	44,418	8,004	36,414	22.1	4.0	18.1	2.4	2.83	478,108
1993	2,043,740	44,132	7,804	36,328	21.6	3.8	17.8	0	2.71	492,412
1994	2,079,234	43,450	7,667	35,783	20.9	3.7	17.2	0.2	2.57	506,408
1995	2,115,020	44,776	8,671	36,105	21.2	4.1	17.1	0.1	2.55	521,049
1996	2,152,545	46,041	8,392	37,649	21.4	3.9	17.5	0.2	2.56	535,873
1997	2,188,083	42,920	8,624	34,296	19.6	3.9	15.7	0.8	2.33	549,826
1998	2,127,795	41,752	8,123	33,629	19.6	3.8	15.8	43.4	2.34	543,799
1999	2,067,507	40,020	7,569	32,451	19.4	3.7	15.7	-44.0	2.28	537,773
2000	2,007,219	38,687	7,115	31,572	19.3	3.5	15.7	-44.9	2.31	531,747
2001	1,946,932	37,412	6,672	30,740	19.2	3.4	15.8	-45.8	2.26	525,719
2002	1,886,644	36,136	5,654	30,482	19.2	3.0	16.2	-47.2	2.22	519,692
2003	1,826,356	31,994	6,417	25,577	17.5	3.5	14.0	-46.0	2.00	513,664
2004	1,766,068	35,063	6,399	28,664	19.9	3.6	16.2	-49.2	2.21	507,639
2005	1,743,780	37,218	7,207	30,011	21.3	4.1	17.2	-29.8	2.38	501,613
2006[21]	1,719,536	34,187	7,479	26,708	19.9	4.3	15.5	-29.4	2.24	495,586
2007	1,733,404	33,112	6,681	26,431	19.1	3.9	15.2	-7.1	2.21	489,559
2008	1,747,383	34,399	6,852	27,547	19.7	3.9	15.8	-7.7	2.32	483,531
2009	1,761,474	34,240	7,030	27,210	19.4	4.0	15.4	-7.3	2.36	477,507
2010	1,775,680	33,751	7,234	26,517	19.0	4.1	14.9	-6.8	2.38	471,479
2011	1,786,229	27,626	7,111	20,515	15.5	4.0	11.5	-5.6	1.99	465,452
2012	1,807,126	27,743	7,317	20,426	15.4	4.0	11.3	0.4	1.95	475,454
2013	1,818,119	29,327	7,135	22,192	16.1	3.9	12.2	-6.1	2.02	486,248
2014	1,812,788	25,929	7,634	18,295	14.3	4.2	10.1	13.0	1.81	483,078
2015	1,788,274	24,594	8,202	16,392	13.8	4.6	9.2	-22.7	1.74	479,210
2016	1,777,568	23,416	8,495	14,921	13.2	4.8	8.4	-14.4	1.66	478,783
2017	1,791,019	23,402	8,721	14,681	13.1	4.9	8.2	-0.6	1.65	485,648
2018[22]	1,797,086	22,761	8,998	13,763	12.7	5.0	7.7	-4.3	1.60	486,169
2019[23][24]	1,788,891	21,798	9,430	12,368	12.2	5.3	6.9	-11.5	1.55	482,164
2020[25][26]	1,790,152	21,907	12,987	8,920	12.2	7.3	5.0	-4.3	1.56	480,779
2021[27][28]	1,786,079	22,830	13,019	9,811	12.8	7.3	5.5	-7.8	1.63	476,401
2022	1,761,864	22,632	9,845	12,787	12.8	5.6	7.3	-20.9	1.65	466,213
2023	1,602,515	21,654	9,622	12,023

Current vital statistics

^{[29][30][31][32]}

Period	Live births	Deaths	Natural increase
January - November 2023	19,774	8,236	+11,538
January - November 2024	19,595	8,845	+10,750
Difference	-179 (-0.90%)	+609 (+7.39%)	-788

Marriages and divorces

	Average population	Marriages	Divorces	Crude marriage rate (per 1000)	Crude divorce rate (per 1000)	Divorces per 1000 marriages
1950	764,000	8,686	481	11.4	0.6	55.4
1951	780,000	7,300	475	9.4	0.6	65.1
1952	793,000	7,052	406	8.9	0.5	57.6
1953	813,000	7,208	382	8.9	0.5	53.0
1954	832,000	7,390	352	8.9	0.4	47.6
1955	842,000	6,815	445	8.1	0.5	65.3
1956	859,000	5,723	426	6.7	0.5	74.4
1957	873,000	5,860	403	6.7	0.5	68.8
1958	890,000	6,924	374	7.8	0.4	54.0
1959	921,000	6,794	498	7.4	0.5	73.3
1960	944,000	6,822	417	7.2	0.4	61.1
1961	967,353	7,426	479	7.7	0.5	64.5
1962	994,676	7,481	451	7.5	0.5	60.3
1963	1,022,218	7,183	346	7.0	0.3	48.2
1964	1,051,498	8,340	388	7.9	0.4	46.5
1965	1,082,170	8,226	347	7.6	0.3	42.2
1966	1,118,003	8,246	514	7.4	0.5	62.3
1967	1,150,622	7,569	314	6.6	0.3	41.5
1968	1,182,952	8,719	244	7.4	0.2	28.0
1969	1,189,140	10,083	226	8.5	0.2	22.4
1970	1,219,996	11,280	258	9.2	0.2	22.9
1971	1,253,975	11,006	238	8.8	0.2	21.6
1972	1,290,965	10,571	272	8.2	0.2	25.7
1973	1,327,853	11,139	198	8.4	0.1	17.8
1974	1,365,879	9,885	337	7.2	0.2	34.1
1975	1,404,977	9,928	261	7.1	0.2	26.3
1976	1,446,001	10,268	248	7.1	0.2	24.2
1977	1,486,816	10,470	472	7.0	0.3	45.1
1978	1,525,960	11,552	460	7.6	0.3	39.8
1979	1,565,995	11,568	355	7.4	0.2	30.7
1980	1,552,779	12,666	333	8.2	0.2	26.3
1981	1,594,451	11,936	280	7.5	0.2	23.5
1982	1,634,893	12,368	289	7.6	0.2	23.4
1983	1,676,325	12,406	256	7.4	0.2	20.6
1984	1,716,884	12,560	237	7.3	0.1	18.9
1985	1,760,132	12,483	332	7.1	0.2	26.6
1986	1,803,579	11,921	364	6.6	0.2	30.5
1987	1,848,111	13,644	260	7.4	0.1	19.1
1988	1,894,131	14,613	389	7.7	0.2	26.6
1989	1,938,794	14,343	320	7.4	0.2	22.3
1990	1,987,056	12,742	509	6.4	0.3	39.9
1991	1,967,675	12,559	354	6.4	0.2	28.2
1992	2,007,978	13,367	266	6.7	0.1	19.9
1993	2,043,740	13,372	248	6.5	0.1	18.5
1994	2,079,234	11,959	299	5.8	0.1	25.0
1995	2,115,020	12,979	352	6.1	0.2	27.1
1996	2,152,545	12,244	559	5.7	0.3	45.7
1997	2,188,083	11,866	396	5.4	0.2	33.4
1998	2,127,795	13,149	524	6.2	0.2	39.9
1999	2,067,507	14,432	652	7.0	0.3	45.2
2000	2,007,219	15,714	780	7.8	0.4	49.6
2001	1,946,932	16,997	909	8.7	0.5	53.5
2002	1,886,644	18,280	1,037	9.7	0.5	56.7
2003	1,826,356	17,034	1,165	9.3	0.6	68.4
2004	1,766,068	16,989	1,293	9.6	0.7	76.1
2005	1,743,780	15,732	1,445	9.0	0.8	91.9
2006	1,719,536	15,825	1,480	9.2	0.9	93.5
2007	1,733,404	16,824	1,558	9.7	0.9	92.6
2008	1,747,383	17,950	1,026	10.3	0.6	57.2
2009	1,761,474	20,209	1,555	11.5	0.9	76.9
2010	1,775,680	18,289	1,453	10.3	0.8	79.4
2011	1,786,229	16,619	1,469	9.3	0.8	88.4
2012	1,807,126	17,169	1,328	9.5	0.7	77.3
2013	1,818,119	14,664	1,040	8.1	0.6	70.9
2014	1,812,788	16,239	1,243	9.0	0.7	76.5
2015	1,788,274	16,274	1,268	9.1	0.7	77.9
2016	1,777,568	16,051	1,110	9.0	0.6	69.2
2017	1,791,019	17,112	1,072	9.6	0.6	62.6
2018	1,797,086	16,871	999	9.4	0.6	59.2
2019	1,788,891

Administrative divisions

See also: Administrative divisions of Kosovo and Municipalities of Kosovo

Kosovo is administratively subdivided into seven districts, and 38 municipalities. With the current estimation on population, Kosovo ranks as the 150th largest country in the world based on how populous it is.^[33]

Rank	Name			Population (2011)[note 2]	Area (km2)	Density (km2)	Settlements
	English (most common)	Albanian	Serbian
Pristina District				477,312	2,470	193.2	298
1	Pristina	Prishtinë	Priština	198,897	572	347.7	41
7	Podujevo	Podujevë/Besianë	Podujevo	88,499	663	133.5	76
11	Drenas	Drenas	Glogovac	58,531	290	201.8	37
12	Lipjan	Lipjan	Lipljan	57,605	422	136.5	70
21	Kosovo Polje	Fushë Kosovë	Kosovo Polje	34,827	83	419.6	15
26	Obiliq	Obiliq/Kastriot	Obilić	21,549	105	205.2	19
30	Gračanica	Graçanicë	Gračanica	10,675	131	81.5	16
33	Novo Brdo	Novobërdë/Artanë	Novo Brdo	6,729	204	33	24
Prizren District				331,670	1,397	237.4	195
2	Prizren	Prizren	Prizren	177,781	626	284	74
10	Suva Reka	Suharekë/Therandë	Suva Reka	59,722	306	178.5	42
14	Malisheva	Malishevë	Mališevo	54,613	361	165.4	43
22	Dragash	Dragash/Sharr	Dragaš	33,997	435	78.2	35
35	Mamusha	Mamushë	Mamuša	5,507	11	500.6	–
Ferizaj District				185,806	1,030	180.4	126
3	Ferizaj	Ferizaj	Uroševac	108,690	345	315	45
23	Kaçanik	Kaçanik	Kačanik	33,454	221	151.4	31
25	Shtime	Shtime	Štimlje	27,324	134	203.9	23
31	Hani i Elezit	Hani i Elezit	Đeneral Janković/Elez Han	9,389	83	113.1	11
32	Štrpce	Shtërpcë	Štrpce	6,949	247	28.1	16
Peja District				174,235	1,365	127.6	118
4	Peja	Pejë	Peć	96,450	603	160	14
17	Istog	Istog	Istok	39,289	454	86.5	50
19	Klina	Klinë	Klina	38,496	308	125	54
Gjakova District				194,672	1,129	172.4	170
5	Gjakova	Gjakovë	Đakovica	94,557	587	161.1	91
13	Rahovec	Rahovec	Orahovac	55,053	276	199.5	32
18	Deçan	Deçan	Dečani	38,984	180	216.6	37
34	Junik	Junik	Junik	6,078	86	70.7	10
Mitrovica District				272,247	2,077	131.1	267
8	Mitrovica	Mitrovicë	Mitrovica	71,909	350	205.5	45
9	Vushtrri	Vushtrri	Vučitrn	69,870	344	203.1	67
15	Skenderaj	Skënderaj	Srbica	50,858	378	134.5	49
24	North Mitrovica	Mitrovicë Veriore	Severna Mitrovica	29,460	11	2,678.2	–
27	Leposavić	Leposaviq/Albanik	Leposavić	18,600	539	34.5	42
28	Zvečan	Zveçan	Zvečan	16,650	122	136.5	35
29	Zubin Potok	Zubin Potok	Zubin Potok	14,900	333	44.7	29
Gjilan District				180,783	1,206	149.9	287
6	Gjilan	Gjilan	Gnjilane	90,015	385	233.8	54
16	Viti	Viti	Vitina	46,959	278	168.9	39
20	Kamenica	Kamenicë/Dardanë	Kamenica	35,600	423	84.2	58
36	Ranilug	Ranillug	Ranilug	3,866	78	49.6	18
37	Klokot	Kllokot	Klokot	2,556	24	106.5	4
38	Parteš	Partesh	Parteš	1,787	18	99.3	3
Kosovo				1,816,675	10,908	170	1,339

Ethnic groups

The official results of the censuses in Kosovo after World War II are tabulated below. The figures for Albanians in the 1991 census were estimates only, since that census was boycotted by most Albanians. Similarly, the figures for Serbs in the 2011 census omit those in North Mitrovica, Leposavić, Zubin Potok and Zvečan (North Kosovo), while the number of Serbs and Romani in the rest of Kosovo is also deemed unreliable, due to the partial boycott.^[16]

Ethnic group	1948 census		1953 census		1961 census		1971 census		1981 census		1991 census		2011 census		2024 census
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Albanians	498,244	68.5	524,559	64.9	646,605	67.1	916,168	73.7	1,226,736	77.4	1,596,072	81.6	1,616,869	92.9	1,454,963	91,7
Serbs	171,911	23.6	189,869	23.5	227,016	23.5	228,264	18.4	209,498	13.2	194,190	9.9	25,532	1.5	36,652	2,3
Montenegrins	28,050	3.9	31,343	3.9	37,588	3.9	31,555	2.5	27,028	1.7	20,365	1.1
ethnic Muslims	9,679	1.3	6,241	0.8	8,026	0.8	26,357	2.1	58,562	3.7	66,189	3.4
Bosniaks													27,533	1.6	26,841	1.7
Gorani													10,265	0.6	9,140	0.6
Croats	5,290	0.7	6,201	0.8	7,251	0.8	8,264	0.7	8,718	0.6	8,062	0.4
Yugoslavs					5,206	0.5	920	0.1	2,676	0.2	3,457	0.2
Romani	11,230	1.5	11,904	1.5	3,202	0.3	14.593	1.2	34,126	2.2	45,760	2.3	8,824	0.5	8,730	0.5
Ashkali													15,436	0.9	16,270	1.0
Egyptians													11,524	0.6	10,581	0.6
Turks	1,315	0.2	34,583	4.3	25,764	2.7	12,244	1.0	12,513	0.8	10,445	0.5	18,738	1.1	19,419	1.2
Macedonians	526	0.1	972	0.1	1,142	0.1	1,048	0.1	1,056	0.1
Others or unspecified	1,577	0.2	2,469	0.3	2,188	0.2	4,280	0.3	3,454	0.2	11,656	0.6	3,264	0.6	2,051	0.1
Total	727,820		808,141		963,988		1,243,693		1,584,441		1,956,196		1,739,825		1,585,566

Ethnic groups by municipality

The results of the 2011 census of ethnic groups in municipalities are tabulated below.^[38]

Ethnic groups by municipality
2011 Census		Albanians		Serbs		Turks		Bosniaks		Roma		Ashkali		Egyptians		Goran		Others		Not declared
Municipality	Total	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Deçan (Deçan / Dečani)	40,019	39,402	98.5	3	0.0	0	0.0	60	0.1	33	0.1	42	0.1	393	1.0	1	0.0	19		66	0.2
Dragash (Dragash / Dragaš)	33,997	20,287	59.7	7	0.0	202	0.6	4,100	12.1	3	0.0	4	0.0	3	0.0	8,957	26.3	283	0.8	151	0.4
Ferizaj (Ferizaj / Uroševac)	108,610	104,152	95.9	32	0.0	55	0.1	83	0.1	204	0.2	3,629	3.3	24	0.0	64	0.1	102	0.1	265	0.2
Gjakova (Gjakova / Đakovica)	94,556	87,672	97.4	17	0.0	16	0.0	73	0.1	738	0.8	613	0.6	5,177	5.5	13	0.0	92	0.1	205	0.2
Gjilan (Gjilan / Gnjilane)	90,178	87,814	97.4	624	0.7	978	1.1	121	0.1	361	0.4	15	0.0	1	0.0	69	0.1	95	0.1	100	0.1
Glogovac (Gllogoc/Drenas / Glogovac)	58,531	58,445	99.9	2	0.0	5	0.0	14	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	3	0.0	0	0.0	22	0.0	41	0.1
Gračanica (Graçanica / Gračanica)	10,675	2,474	23.2	7,209	67.7	15	0.1	15	0.1	745	7.0	104	1.0	3	0.0	3	0.0	45	0.4	43	0.4
Kosovo Polje (Fushë Kosovë / Kosovo Polje)	34,827	30,275	86.9	321	0.9	62	0.2	34	0.1	436	0.3	3,230	9.3	282	0.3	15	0.0	131	0.4	41	0.1
Hani i Elezit (Elez Han)	9,403	9,357	99.5	0	0.0	0	0.0	42	0.4	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	0.0	2	0.0
Istog(Istok)	39,289	36,154	92.0	194	0.5	10	0.0	1,142	2.9	39	0.1	111	0.3	1,544	3.9	0	0.0	45	0.1	50	0.1
Junik	6,084	6,069	99.8	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	4	0.0	11	0.2
Kaçanik (Kačanik)	33,409	33,362	99.9	1	0.0	2	0.0	20	0.1	5	0.0	1	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	7	0.0	11	0.0
Kamenica (K. Kamenica)	36,085	34,186	94.7	1,554	4.3	5	0.0	9	0.0	240	0.7	0	0.0	0	0.0	29	0.1	27	0.1	35	0.1
Klina	38,496	37,216	96.7	98	0.3	3	0.0	20	0.1	78	0.2	85	0.2	934	2.4	0	0.0	23	0.1	39	0.1
Klokot (Kllokot / Klokot)	2,556	1,362	53.3	1,177	46.0	1	0.0	0	0.0	9	0.4	0	0.0	0	0.0	6	0.2	1	0.0	0	0.0
Leposavić (Leposaviq / Leposavić)[note 2]	18,700	300	1.6	18,000	96.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0	0.0	0.0	400	2.1	0	0.0
Lipjan (Lipljan)	57,605	54,467	94.6	513	0.9	128	0.2	42	0.1	342	0.6	1,812	3.1	4	0.0	6	0.0	260	0.5	31	0.1
Mališevo (Malisheva / Mališevo)	54,613	54,501	99.9	0	0.0	0	0.0	15	0.0	26	0.0	5	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	8	0.0	58	0.1
Mamuša (Mamusha / Mamuša)	5,507	327	5.9	0	0.0	5,182	93.2	1	0.0	39	0.7	12	0.2	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Mitrovica, Kosovo (Mitrovicë / K. Mitrovica)	71,909	69,497	96.6	14	0.0	518	0.7	416	0.6	528	0.7	647	0.9	6	0.0	23	0.0	47	0.1	213	0.3
North Mitrovica[note 2]	29,460	4,900	16.6	22,530	76.5	210	0.7	1,000	3.4	200	0.7	40	0.1	0	0.0	580	2.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Novo Brdo (Novobërdë / Novo Brdo)	6,729	3,524	52.4	3,122	46.4	7	0.1	5	0.1	63	0.9	3	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	0.0	3	0.0
Obiliq(Obiliq/Kastriot / Obilić)	21,549	19,854	92.1	276	1.3	2	0.0	58	0.3	661	3.1	578	2.7	27	0.1	5	0.0	48	0.2	40	0.2
Parteš (Partesh / Parteš)	1,787	0	0.0	1,785	99.9	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	2	0.1	0	0.0
Peja (Peja / Peć)	96,450	87,975	91.2	332	0.3	59	0.1	3,786	3.9	993	1.0	143	0.1	2,700	2.8	189	0.2	132	0.1	141	0.1
Podujevo (Besiane / Podujevo)	88,499	87,523	98.9	12	0.0	5	0.0	33	0.0	74	0.1	680	0.8	2	0.0	0	0.0	43	0.0	127	0.1
Pristina (Prishtina / Priština)	198,897	194,452	97.8	430	0.2	2,156	1.1	400	0.2	56	0.0	557	0.3	8	0.0	205	0.1	334	0.2	299	0.2
Prizren	177,781	145,718	82.0	237	0.1	9,091	5.1	16,869	9.5	2,899	1.6	1,350	0.8	168	0.1	655	0.4	386	0.2	381	0.2
Rahovec (Orahovac)	56,208	55,166	98.1	134	0.2	0.2	0.0	10	0.0	84	0.1	404	0.7	299	0.5	0	0.0	11	0.0	98	0.2
Ranilug (Ranilug)	3,866	164	4.2	3,692	95.5	0	0.0	1	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	3	0.1	6	0.2
Štrpce (Shtërpcë / Štrpce)	6,949	3,757	54.1	3,148	45.3	0	0.0	2	0.0	24	0.3	1	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	7	0.1	4	0.1
Shtime (Shtime/ Štimlje)	27,324	26,447	96.8	49	0.2	1	0.0	20	0.1	23	0.1	750	2.7	0	0.0	2	0.0	13	0.0	19	0.1
Skenderaj (Srbica)	50,858	50,685	99.7	50	0.1	1	0.0	42	0.0	0	0.0	10	0.0	1	0.0	0	0.0	5	0.0	64	0.1
Suva Reka (Suharekë / Suva Reka)	59,722	59,076	98.9	2	0.0	4	0.0	15	0.0	41	0.1	493	0.8	5	0.0	0	0.0	15	0.0	71	0.1
Vitina (Viti / Vitina)	46,987	46,669	99.3	113	0.2	4	0.0	25	0.1	12	0.0	14	0.0	0	0.0	7	0.0	83	0.2	60	0.1
Vučitrn (Vushtrri / Vučitrn)	69,870	68,840	98.5	384	0.5	278	0.4	33	0.0	68	0.1	143	0.2	1	0.0	3	0.1	50	0.1	70	0.1
Zubin Potok[note 2]	14,900	1,000	6.7	13,900	93.9	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Zvečan (Zveçan / Zvečan)[note 2]	16,650	350	2.1	16,000	96.1	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0
Kosovo	1,819,604	1,623,419	90.0	80,000[note 2]	4.4	19,002	1.1	28,506	1.6	9,024	0.5	15,476	0.9	11,585	0.6	10,826	0.6	3,052	0.2	2,752	0.2

Ethnic composition of Kosovo in 2005 according to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

The 2000 Living Standard Measurement Survey by Statistical Office of Kosovo found an ethnic composition of the population as follows:

• 92% Albanians
• 8% others

A more comprehensive (October 2002) estimate (for the 1.9 million inhabitants) for these years:

• 92% Albanians
• 4% Serbs
• 4% Bosniaks, Turks, Romani and others

During the Kosovo War in 1999, around 700,000 ethnic Albanians,^[39] over 100,000 ethnic Serbs and more than 40,000 Bosniaks were forced out of Kosovo to neighbouring Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Serbia. After the United Nations took over administration of Kosovo following the war, the vast majority of the Albanian refugees returned.^{[citation needed]} The largest diaspora communities of Kosovo Albanians are in Switzerland and Austria accounting for some 200,000 individuals each, or for 20% of the population resident in Kosovo.

Many non-Albanians – chiefly Serbs and Romani – fled or were expelled, mostly to the rest of Serbia at the end of the war, with further refugee outflows occurring as the result of sporadic ethnic violence. As of 2002, the number of registered refugees was around 250,000.^[40][41][42] The non-Albanian population in Kosovo is now about half of its pre-war total^{[citation needed]}. The largest concentration of Serbs in the country is in the north, but many remain in Kosovo Serb enclaves surrounded by Albanian-populated areas.

Languages

Linguistic structure according to the 2011 census

See also: Minority languages of Kosovo

As defined by the Constitution of Kosovo, Albanian and Serbian are official languages in Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, almost 95% of the citizens speak Albanian as their native language, followed by South Slavic languages and Turkish. Due to North Kosovo's boycott of the census, Bosnian came in as the second-largest language after Albanian. However, Serbian is in reality the second-most spoken language in Kosovo.

Language	Native speakers[43]	%
Albanian	1,644,865	94.5
Bosnian	28,989	1.7
Serbian	27,983	1.6
Turkish	19,568	1.1
Romani	5,860	0.3
Other/Not specified	12,560	0.7

Health

Healthcare in Kosovo Harvard Medical School and NATO published a study on the impact of the conflict on Kosovo health system in 2014.^[44] The data in the table below are from the Kosovo Agency of Statistics.

Structure of group of diseases according to ICD-10 recorded in PHC in 2010
Group of diseases	Number	Percentage
Parasitic diseases	53,762	28
Tumors/cancers	2,943	1.5
Blood and homopotetic organ disease and immunity disorders	5,091	2.6
Endocrinic disorder of feeding and metabolism	25,212	13.1
Psychic and personality disorder	13,488	7
SQN diseases	15,490	8.1
Eye diseases	21,320	11.1
Ear and mastoid process diseases	18,989	9.9
Diseases of blood circulation system	5,139	2.7
Diseases of respiratory system	6,962	3.6
Diseases of digestive system	3,192	1.7
Dermic and hypodermic tissue diseases	1,453	0.8
Diseases of locomotor system and connective tissue	1,775	0.9
Disease of urogenital system	2,198	1.1
Pregnancy, delivery and maternity	5,737	3
Certain states resulting from perinatal periods	200	0.1
Inborn deformity, chromosomal deformities and anomalies	248	0.1
Symptoms, indications, analyses and clinical abnormal ascertainments	1,556	0.8
Injuries, poisoning, and other consequences caused by external factors	2,871	1.5
External factors of morbidity and mortality 579 0.3	579	0.3
Factors influencing on health conditions and contact with health services	3,948	2.1
Total	192,154

Religion

Main article: Religion in Kosovo

See also: Secularism in Kosovo

The country has no official religion. The constitution establishes Kosovo as a secular state that is neutral in matters of religious beliefs and where everyone is equal before the law and freedom to belief, conscience and religion is guaranteed.^[45][46]

The 2011 Kosovo population census was largely boycotted by the Kosovo Serbs, especially in North Kosovo. That left the Serb population underrepresented.^[47] The International Monitoring Operation said that questions complied with international standards: respondents can declare their ethnicity and religion but are not obliged to do so.^[48] Serbs predominantly identify as Orthodox Christians.^[10] The results of the 2011 census gave the following religious affiliations for the population included in it:^[49]

Religious map of Kosovo in 2011 by settlements. The Serb-dominated gray area in the north is presumably majority Orthodox.

2011 Kosovo religion census
(boycotted by most Serbs)

Religion	Population	%
Islam	1,663,412	95.6%
Christianity Catholic Orthodox	64,275 38,438 25,837	3.7% 2.2% 1.5%
Other (specify)	1,188	0.1%
No religion	1,242	0.1%
Not stated Prefer not to answer Missing	9,708 7,213 2,495	0.6% 0.4% 0.1%
Total	1,739,825	100%

Most Albanians in Kosovo are Muslim.^[50][10] Almost all Muslims in Kosovo are Sunni. Sufism is the main form of Islam practised.^[50] Dervishes are shunned by the official government-supported Islam.^[50]

The Serb population is largely Serbian Orthodox. The Catholic Albanian communities are mostly concentrated in Gjakova, Prizren, Klina and a few villages near Peć and Vitina (see laramans). Slavic-speaking Catholics usually call themselves Janjevci or Kosovan Croats. Slavic-speaking Muslims in the south of Kosovo are known as the Gorani people.

Migration

Further information: Albanian diaspora and Serb diaspora

According to a 2015 report by Geoba.se, Kosovo's current net migration rate is at −3.72, ranking Kosovo 197th,^[51] due to the ongoing political and economic crisis. The same source gives −0.71 for the 2023 estimate.

Internally displaced persons

According to the US CIA, as of 2022^[update], there were 16000 internally displaced persons, primarily Serbs displaced during the Kosovo War.^[2] Also, a smaller number of Serbs, Roma, Ashkali, and Egyptians fled their homes in 2004 as a result of violence.^[2]

See also

• Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Yugoslavia § Demographics
• Demographics of Albania
• Demographics of Montenegro
• Demographics of North Macedonia
• Demographics of Serbia
• Kosovo Albanians
• Bosniaks in Kosovo
• Montenegrins of Kosovo
• Kosovo Serbs
• Turks in Kosovo
• Roma in Kosovo
• Gorani people
• Janjevci
• Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
• History of the Jews in Kosovo

Notes and references

Notes

1. Due to political issues, Serbs have avoided participating in the population censuses conducted by the Republic of Kosovo. The 2011 census is therefore inaccurate to explain the real demographic spread in Kosovo. Serbs form the second largest ethnic group in Kosovo, after Albanians. Estimates are that Serbs hold 6-7% of the population.^{[4][5][6][7][8][2]}
2. Due to the boycott of the 2011 census by most municipalities in the Serb-inhabited north (see North Kosovo), the real number of the population of Leposavić, North Mitrovica, Zubin Potok and Zvečan is unknown. Estimates are taken according to a 2014 OSCE report.^{[34][35][36][37]}

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External links

• Statistical Office of Kosovo
• Kosovo (unrecognized state) (May 2018)
• Groups working with all demographics in Kosovo