L&YR Class 3

The L&YR Class 3 was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway introduced in 1891 with forty being built.^[1] George Hughes rebuilt six locomotives with superheaters between 1908 and 1909, they were later designated L&YR Class 4. All passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923 but were withdrawn by 1930.

L&YR Class 3
No. 1093 in photographic paint
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer John Aspinall Build date 1891-1894 Total produced 40
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-4-0 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 7 ft 3 in (2.210 m) Loco weight 44.8 long tons (45.5 t) Fuel type Coal Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa) Cylinders 2 Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm) Valve gear Joy
Performance figures Tractive effort 14,814 lbf (65.9 kN)
Career Operators L&YR, LMS Power class LMS 2P Withdrawn 1925-1930 Disposition All scrapped

L&YR Class 4
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer George Hughes Rebuild date 1908-1909 Number rebuilt 6
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-4-0 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 7 ft 3 in (2.210 m) Loco weight 48.75 long tons (49.53 t) Fuel type Coal Boiler pressure 180 psi (1.24 MPa) Cylinders 2 Cylinder size 19 in × 26 in (483 mm × 660 mm) or 20 in × 26 in (508 mm × 660 mm) Valve gear Joy or Walschaerts
Performance figures Tractive effort 17,576 lbf (78.2 kN) (19") 18,290 lbf (81.4 kN) (20")
Career Operators L&YR, LMS Power class LMS 3P Withdrawn 1925-1926 Disposition All scrapped

Design

Origins

The design originated with a William Barton Wright's 4-4-0 of 1880 with driving wheels of 6 feet 0 inches (1.83 m) and boiler pressure of 140 psi (0.97 MPa).^[2] Aspinall then produced a modified version with 6ft wheels which was the basis for the class 3.^{[citation needed]}

Class 3

John Aspinall succeeded Barton Wright in 1886. He initially order more locomotives of Barton's Wright's 4-4-0 design.^[3] but determined a driving wheels of 7 feet 3 inches (2.21 m) and boiler pressure increased to 160 psi (1.10 MPa) should give increased speed for the same tractive effort.^[2]

Class 4

Six locomotives were rebuilt with superheaters by George Hughes between 1908 and 1909.^[4] They became L&YR Class 4 in the Hughes classification scheme introduced in 1919.^[5] All six passed to the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the grouping in 1923.^[6]

There were two different versions of the rebuild. One had 19" bore cylinders and Joy valve gear. The other had 20" bore cylinders and Walschaerts valve gear.^{[citation needed]}

Numbering

The L&YR numbered them 1093-1229 and then randomly, using numbers between 318 and 498. The LMS numbered its 34 Class 3 locomotives 10150-10183. The six which had been rebuilt to Class 4 were numbered in a separate series, LMS 10190-10195.^{[citation needed]}

Class 4 numbering

L&YR no.	LMS no.	Cylinders
1112	10190	19"
1110	10191	20"
1104	10192	20"
1098	10193	20"
1105	10194	20"
455	10195	19"

Withdrawal

Withdrawals began in 1925 and the Class 4 superheated locomotives were all withdrawn by 1926. The last members of the type were withdrawn in 1930.^[4] None have been preserved.

References

1. Casserley & Johnston (1966), pp. 104–105.
2. Bulleid (1967), pp. 102–103.
3. Bulleid (1967), pp. 80–89.
4. Marshall (1972), pp. 256–257.
5. Marshall (1972), pp. 273.
6. Casserley & Johnston (1966), p. 105.

Bibliography

• Bulleid, H.A.V. (1967). The Aspinall Era. Ian Allan Ltd.
• Casserley, H.C.; Johnston, S.W. (1966). Locomotives at the Grouping, no.3, LMS. Ian Allan.
• Marshall, John (1972). The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 3. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5320-9.