List of monarchs of Haiti

The monarchs of Haiti (French: monarques d'Haïti, Haitian Creole: Monak Ayiti) were the heads of state and rulers of Haiti on three non-consecutive occasions in the 19th century.

Monarchy of Haiti
Monarques d'Haïti (French) Monak Ayiti (Haitian Creole)
Imperial
Imperial coat of arms (1849–1859)
Longest reigning Henry I 28 March 1811–8 October 1820
Details
Style	His Royal Majesty His Imperial Majesty
First monarch	Jacques I (as Emperor)
Last monarch	Faustin I (as Emperor)
Formation	2 September 1804
Abolition	15 January 1859
Appointer	Elective[a] Hereditary

With complete independence achieved from France in 1804, Haiti became an independent monarchy—the First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806). Haiti reverted to a monarchy in the 1810s, during the Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820). Haiti reverted for a third and final time to a monarchy during the Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859).

The period known as the Duvalier dynasty (1957–1986), despite the misleading name, is not a period of monarchy but of an authoritarian family dictatorship.

First Empire of Haiti (1804–1806)

Main article: First Empire of Haiti

Portrait	Coat of arms	Name (birth–death)	Reign			Title	Ref.
			Reign began	Reign ended	Time reigning
		Jacques I (1758–1806)	2 September 1804	17 October 1806 †	2 years, 45 days	Emperor of Haiti (Empereur d'Haïti)

Kingdom of Haiti (1811–1820)

Main article: Kingdom of Haiti

Portrait	Coat of arms	Name (birth–death)	Reign			Title	Ref.
			Reign began	Reign ended	Time reigning
		Henry I (1767–1820)	28 March 1811	8 October 1820 †	9 years, 194 days	King of Haiti (Roi d'Haïti)
		Henry II (1804–1820)	8 October 1820	18 October 1820 †	10 days	(Unproclaimed) King of Haiti (Roi d'Haïti)

Second Empire of Haiti (1849–1859)

Main article: Second Empire of Haiti

Portrait	Coat of arms	Name (birth–death)	Reign			Title	Ref.
			Reign began	Reign ended	Time reigning
		Faustin I (1782–1867)	26 August 1849	15 January 1859	9 years, 142 days	Emperor of Haiti (Empereur d'Haïti)

Kingdom of La Gonâve

Main article: Gonâve Island

Portrait	Name (birth–death)	Reign			Title	Ref.
		Reign began	Reign ended	Time reigning
	Ti Memenne (?–?)				Queen of La Gonâve (Reine de La Gonâve)	[1][2]
	Faustin II (1896–1945)	18 July 1926	1929	2–3 years	King of La Gonâve (Roi de La Gonâve)	[1][2] [3][4] [5][6] [7]

Timeline

See also

• List of heads of state of Haiti
• List of Haitian royal consorts
• Crown of Faustin I

Notes

1. During the First Empire of Haiti.

References

1. "Cambridge Sentinel 26 February 1944 – Cambridge Public Library's Historic Cambridge Newspaper Collection". cambridge.dlconsulting.com.
2. S.A, Wirtualna Polska Media (23 April 2014). "Sierżant Faustin Wirkus, cesarz La Gonave". opinie.wp.pl.
3. "That time a Marine was crowned king of a voodoo island in Haiti". 5 February 2020.
4. Wirkus, Faustin E.; Dudley, Taney; Introduction by William E. Seabrook (2015) [1931]. The White King of La Gonâve: The True Story of the Sergeant of Marines Who Was Crowned King on a Voodoo Island (Ishi Press ed.). New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. p. 333. ISBN 978-4871872393.
5. "Department of the Navy – Naval Historical Society". Archived from the original on 8 July 2010.
6. "The Winnipeg Tribune". Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. 25 April 1931. p. 45 – via Newspapers.com.
7. Wallace, Amy; Jane Farrow; IRA Basen (November 2005). "9 Ordinary men who became king (#9)". The Book of Lists, the Canadian Edition: The Original Compendium of Curious Information. Knopf Canada. p. 273. ISBN 0-676-97720-0.