Kepler-30

Kepler-30 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It is located at the celestial coordinates: Right Ascension 19^h 01^m 08.0746^s Declination +38° 56′ 50.218″.^[2] With an apparent visual magnitude of 15.5,^[3] this star is too faint to be seen with the naked eye. Kepler-30 is exhibiting a strong starspot activity.^[6]

Kepler-30

Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Lyra[1]
Right ascension	19h 01m 08.0746s[2]
Declination	+38° 56′ 50.218″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	15.5[3]
Characteristics
Spectral type	G3V[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: 0.743(29) mas/yr[2] Dec.: −4.737(28) mas/yr[2]
Parallax (π)	1.1113 ± 0.0241 mas[2]
Distance	2,930 ± 60 ly (900 ± 20 pc)
Details
Mass	0,99±0,08[4] M☉
Radius	0.95[4] R☉
Temperature	5498±54[4] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]	0,18±0,27[4] dex
Rotation	16.004±0.017 days[5]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	1,94±0,22[4] km/s
Other designations
KOI-806, KIC 3832474, UCAC2 45365178, 2MASS J19010807+3856502, SDSS J190108.07+385650.2
Database references
SIMBAD	data
KIC	data

Planetary system

Three planets of Kepler-30 were detected by the transit method in 2011.^[7] The planets are strongly interacting each other, with transit times variability exceeding one hour for each consecutive orbit.^[8] Due to the irregularity of orbits, confirmation of the planetary system was delayed until 2012.^[9] The planetary periods are close to 1:2:5 orbital resonance but are not resonant, producing an extremely complex orbital dynamics.^[10]

The Kepler-30 planetary system^[11]

Companion (in order from star)	Mass	Semimajor axis (AU)	Orbital period (days)	Eccentricity	Inclination	Radius
b	9.2±0.1 M🜨	0.18479±0.000004	29.2187±0.0009	0.0770±0.0003	89.51±0.32°	3.75±0.18 R🜨
c	536±5 M🜨	0.29977±0.000001	60.32503±0.00010	0.0115±0.0005	89.74±0.02°	11.98±0.28 R🜨
d	23.7±1.3 M🜨	0.53178±0.00001	142.642±0.006	0.0272±0.0024	89.81±0.02°	8.79±0.13 R🜨

References

1. "Lyra – constellation boundary", The Constellations, International Astronomical Union, retrieved 2011-12-15
2. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
3. Schneider, Jean, "Star: Kepler-30", Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia, archived from the original on 2012-05-05, retrieved 2013-12-18
4. Kepler-30b, NASA Ames Research Center, archived from the original on 2012-05-03, retrieved 2011-12-06
5. McQuillan, A.; Mazeh, T.; Aigrain, S. (2013). "Stellar Rotation Periods of The Kepler objects of Interest: A Dearth of Close-In Planets Around Fast Rotators". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 775 (1). L11. arXiv:1308.1845. Bibcode:2013ApJ...775L..11M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/775/1/L11.
6. Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto; Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Winn, Joshua N.; Barclay, Thomas; Clarke, Bruce D.; Ford, Eric B.; Fortney, Jonathan J.; Geary, John C.; Holman, Matthew J.; Howard, Andrew W.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Koch, David; Lissauer, Jack J.; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Mullally, Fergal; Ragozzine, Darin; Seader, Shawn E.; Still, Martin; Thompson, Susan E. (2012), "Alignment of the stellar spin with the orbits of a three-planet system", Nature, 487 (7408): 449–453, arXiv:1207.5804, Bibcode:2012Natur.487..449S, doi:10.1038/nature11301, PMID 22836999, S2CID 685995
7. Borucki, William J.; et al. (2011). "Characteristics of Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. II. Analysis of the First Four Months of Data". The Astrophysical Journal. 736 (1). 19. arXiv:1102.0541. Bibcode:2011ApJ...736...19B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/736/1/19.
8. Tingley, B.; Palle, E.; Parviainen, H.; Deeg, H. J.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Cabrera-Lavers, A.; Belmonte, J. A.; Rodriguez, P. M.; Murgas, F.; Ribas, I. (2011), "Detection of transit timing variations in excess of one hour in the Kepler multi-planet candidate system KOI 806 with the GTC", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 536: L9, arXiv:1111.5107, Bibcode:2011A&A...536L...9T, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118264, S2CID 119226419
9. Fabrycky, Daniel C.; Ford, Eric B.; Steffen, Jason H.; Rowe, Jason F.; Carter, Joshua A.; Moorhead, Althea V.; Batalha, Natalie M.; Borucki, William J.; Bryson, Steve; Buchhave, Lars A.; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Ciardi, David R.; Cochran, William D.; Endl, Michael; Fanelli, Michael N.; Fischer, Debra; Fressin, Francois; Geary, John; Haas, Michael R.; Hall, Jennifer R.; Holman, Matthew J.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Koch, David G.; Latham, David W.; Li, Jie; Lissauer, Jack J.; Lucas, Philip; Marcy, Geoffrey W.; Mazeh, Tsevi; et al. (2012), "TRANSIT TIMING OBSERVATIONS FROM Kepler : IV. CONFIRMATION OF 4 MULTIPLE PLANET SYSTEMS BY SIMPLE PHYSICAL MODELS", The Astrophysical Journal, 750 (2): 114, arXiv:1201.5415, Bibcode:2012ApJ...750..114F, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/750/2/114, S2CID 9075167
10. Detection of Laplace-resonant three-planet systems from transit timing variations
11. Panichi, F; et al. (2018). "The architecture and formation of the Kepler-30 planetary system". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 478 (2): 2480–2494. arXiv:1707.04962. Bibcode:2018MNRAS.478.2480P. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1071. S2CID 76654017.