Kalyke

Kalyke /ˈkæləkiː/, also known as Jupiter XXIII, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2000, and given the temporary designation S/2000 J 2.^[5][1]

Kalyke

Kalyke imaged by the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in December 2001
Discovery[1]
Discovered by	Scott S. Sheppard David C. Jewitt Yanga R. Fernandez Eugene A. Magnier
Discovery site	Mauna Kea Observatory
Discovery date	23 November 2000
Designations
Designation	Jupiter XXIII
Pronunciation	/ˈkæləkiː/[a]
Named after	Καλύκη Kalykē
Alternative names	S/2000 J 2
Adjectives	Kalykean /kæləˈkiːən/
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Observation arc	16.34 yr (5,967 days)
Semi-major axis	0.1614179 AU (24,147,770 km)
Eccentricity	0.3028225
Orbital period (sidereal)	−766.61 d
Mean anomaly	63.16063°
Mean motion	0° 28m 10.57s / day
Inclination	165.93730° (to ecliptic)
Longitude of ascending node	132.43876°
Argument of perihelion	323.78885°
Satellite of	Jupiter
Group	Carme group
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	6.9±1.3 km[3]
Albedo	0.029±0.014[3]
Apparent magnitude	21.8[4]
Absolute magnitude (H)	15.4[2]

From infrared thermal measurements by the WISE spacecraft, Kalyke's albedo is measured at 2.9%, corresponding to a diameter of 6.9 kilometres.^[3] It orbits Jupiter at an average distance of 23,181,000 km in 766.61 days, at an inclination of 166° to the ecliptic (165° to Jupiter's equator), in a retrograde direction and with an eccentricity of 0.2140.

It was named in October 2002 after the Greek mythological figure Kalyke or Calyce.^[6]

Kalyke observed by the WISE spacecraft in 2010

It belongs to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Kalyke is redder in color (B−V=0.94, V−R=0.70) than other moons of the Carme group, suggesting that it is a captured centaur or TNO, or a remnant of such an object that collided with the Carme group progenitor.^[7]

Notes

1. as 'Calyce' in Webster, Noah (1884). A Practical Dictionary of the English Language.

References

1. MPEC 2001-A28: S/2000 J 2, S/2000 J 3, S/2000 J 4, S/2000 J 5, S/2000 J 6 2001 January 5 (discovery and ephemeris)
2. "M.P.C. 115890" (PDF). Minor Planet Circular. Minor Planet Center. 27 August 2019.
3. Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Mainzer, A. K.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (August 2015). "NEOWISE: Observations of the Irregular Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn". The Astrophysical Journal. 809 (1): 9. arXiv:1505.07820. Bibcode:2015ApJ...809....3G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/3. S2CID 5834661. 3.
4. Sheppard, Scott. "Scott S. Sheppard - Jupiter Moons". Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. Carnegie Institution for Science. Retrieved 26 November 2020.
5. IAUC 7555: Satellites of Jupiter Archived 2002-09-16 at the Wayback Machine 2001 January 5 (discovery)
6. IAUC 7998: Satellites of Jupiter 2002 October 22 (naming the moon)
7. Grav, Tommy; Holman, M. J.; Gladman, B. J.; Aksnes, K. (2003). "Photometric survey of the irregular satellites". Icarus. 166 (1): 33−45. arXiv:astro-ph/0301016. Bibcode:2003Icar..166...33G. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.005. S2CID 7793999.