June 2023 Greek parliamentary election

Snap parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 25 June 2023.^[1][2][3] All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament were contested. Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis called for the snap vote after the May 2023 elections did not result in any party gaining a majority, although his centre-right New Democracy made unanticipated gains and increased its share of the vote. As a result, no coalition government was formed by any of the parties eligible to do so.^[4][5][6]

June 2023 Greek parliamentary election

← May 2023 25 June 2023 Next →
All 300 seats in the Hellenic Parliament 151 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered	9,813,595
Turnout	53.74% ( 7.36 pp)
First party Second party Third party   Leader Kyriakos Mitsotakis Alexis Tsipras Nikos Androulakis Party New Democracy Syriza PASOK–KINAL Last election 40.79%, 146 seats 20.07%, 71 seats 11.46%, 41 seats Seats won 158 47 32 Seat change 12 24 9 Popular vote 2,115,322 930,013 617,487 Percentage 40.56% 17.83% 11.84% Swing 0.23 pp 2.24 pp 0.38 pp   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Dimitris Koutsoumpas Vasilis Stigkas Kyriakos Velopoulos Party KKE Spartans EL Last election 7.23%, 26 seats – 4.45%, 16 seats Seats won 21 12 12 Seat change 5 New 4 Popular vote 401,224 243,922 231,491 Percentage 7.69% 4.68% 4.44% Swing 0.46 pp New 0.01 pp   Seventh party Eighth party   Leader Dimitris Natsios Zoe Konstantopoulou Party NIKI PE Last election 2.92%, 0 seats 2.89%, 0 seats Seats won 10 8 Seat change 10 8 Popular vote 193,124 165,523 Percentage 3.69% 3.17% Swing 0.77 pp 0.28 pp
Results by constituency
Prime Minister before election Ioannis Sarmas Independent Prime Minister after election Kyriakos Mitsotakis ND

In contrast to the May elections, the June vote used a majority bonus system, making a majority government more likely.^[7] On 25 May 2023, as required by Greece's constitution, President Katerina Sakellaropoulou appointed Ioannis Sarmas as caretaker prime minister until the formation of the next government following the elections.^[8]

New Democracy increased their number of seats in parliament, achieving a majority, while the main opposition Syriza lost seats. Minor parties Spartans, Victory, and Course of Freedom entered parliament for the first time.^[9]

Electoral system

The ballots in a polling station in Argos

The polling booth in a polling station in Argos

New Democracy has been a proponent of majority bonuses since 1974. Soon after returning to power in the 2019 parliamentary election, they passed a new electoral law to reinstate the bonus that had been eliminated by the SYRIZA-ANEL coalition government's 2016 law (which established a purely proportional system with a 3% electoral threshold), albeit under a very different formula. The party list coming first with at least 25% of the votes would receive 20 extra seats, with one more seat for every half percentage point above 25%, to a maximum of 50 extra seats at 40% (or more) of the votes. Once this bonus has been attributed, the proper proportional distribution begins for the remaining seats, which can range from 250 if one party gathered at least 40%, to 300 if no party reached 25%.^[10] This 2020 law would take effect starting from the next Greek election after the May 2023 election.

A 2019 law granted the right to vote for Greeks abroad who have lived for two years in Greece during the previous 35 years and who have submitted a tax return during the year of the election or the previous year. Voters from abroad choose the national-wide ballot of their desired party without choosing candidates, and their vote is counted equally in final results.^[11] Voting is theoretically compulsory, with voter registration being automatic,^[12] but the penalties and sanctions in place for those who do not vote are unenforced.^[13]

Contesting parties, alliances and independents

On 8 June 2023 the Supreme Court ruled that 26 political parties, 4 alliances and 2 independents had met the criteria to contest the election. Nineteen of these had also participated in the previous election. The names of the 32 entities are listed below in alphabetical order.^[14]

1. Anticapitalist Left Cooperation for the Overthrow
2. Assembly of Greeks
3. Athanasios Georgiou (Independent)
4. Breath of Democracy
5. Communist Party of Greece
6. Communist Party of Greece (Marxist–Leninist)
7. Course of Freedom
8. Digital Hellenism in the Whole
9. Ecologist Greens – Green Unity
10. Greek Ecologists
11. Greek Solution
12. Green & Purple
13. Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Greece
14. European Realistic Disobedience Front 25
15. Movement of the Poor
16. National Front
17. New Democracy
18. Organization for the Reconstruction of the Communist Party of Greece
19. Organisation of Internationalist Communists of Greece
20. Panathinaikos Movement
21. Panhellenic Socialist Movement – Movement for Change
22. Patriotic Coalition
23. Popular European Party
24. Republican Party of Greece – Technocratic Republican Reforming Front of Patriots
25. Spartans
26. Spentzas Polykarpos, Radio Operator of the Ship "Pothiti", 1978 – Bermuda Triangle – UFO – USO Extraterrestrials – Einstein – Santorinis Pavlos (Independent)
27. Syriza – Progressive Alliance
28. Union of Centrists
29. Democratic Patriotic Movement – Victory
30. Vision for the Greek Renaissance
31. Voice of Reason
32. Well – Movement

Slogans

Party or alliance		Original slogan	English translation
	ND	«Σταθερά, Τολμηρά, Μπροστά»	"Steady, Boldly, Forward"
	SYRIZA	«Δίκαιη Κοινωνία. Ευημερία για Όλους»	"Just Society. Prosperity for All"
	PASOK-KINAL	«Απόφαση αλλαγής»	"Decision for change"
	KKE	«100% Λαϊκή, Μαχητική Αντιπολίτευση»	"100% People's, Fighting Opposition"
	SP	«Για την πιο ισχυρή Εθνική Αντιπολίτευση»	"For the strongest National Opposition"
	EL	«Πρώτα η Ελλάδα, Πρώτα οι Έλληνες»	"Greece First, Greeks First"
	NIKI	«Διεκδικούμε την Ελλάδα που μας αξίζει»	"We claim the Greece we deserve"
	PE	«Δώσε Ζωή στην Βουλή»	"Give Life (Zoe) to the Parliament"
	M25	«Θέλεις αυτήν τη φωνή στη Βουλή;»	"Do you want this voice on in parliament?"

Parties

Name		Leaders	Ideology
	New Democracy	Kyriakos Mitsotakis	Liberal conservatism
	Syriza	Alexis Tsipras	Democratic socialism
	PASOK – Movement for Change	Nikos Androulakis	Social democracy
	Communist Party of Greece	Dimitris Koutsoumpas	Communism
	Spartans	Vasilis Stigkas	Ultranationalism
	Greek Solution	Kyriakos Velopoulos	National conservatism
	Victory	Dimitris Natsios	Religious conservatism
	Course of Freedom	Zoe Konstantopoulou	Progressivism

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the June 2023 Greek parliamentary election

Local regression trend line of poll results from 21 May 2023 to the present day, with each line corresponding to a political party and a 7-day average compared to the May election

Results

New Democracy won 41% of the vote, which allowed it to gain 50 bonus seats. This led to New Democracy winning a majority of seats. Syriza won nearly 18% of the vote. The newly created Spartans party won 4.7% of the vote, which allowed it to enter Parliament.^[15] Overall, eight parties crossed the 3% threshold to enter Parliament. The turnout was at 54%, which was 7 pp lower than the turnout in the May election. Reacting to his party's victory, Mitsotakis said, "The people have given us a safe majority. Major reforms will go ahead quickly." According to political analyst Nick Malkoutzis, "Mitsotakis has been rewarded by voters as the leader who has led Greece out of a severe debt crisis and three international bailouts back into a growth path. Someone who has kept, at least some, of his pledges which is more than many in Greece had previously done."^[16][17]

Results, showing the winning party in each municipal unit:

  ND (989)

  SYRIZA (18)

  PASOK (11)

  KKE (6)

Results, showing the best-placed party in each municipal unit, other than New Democracy

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	New Democracy	2,115,322	40.56	158	+12
	Syriza	930,013	17.83	47	–24
	PASOK – Movement for Change	617,487	11.84	32	–9
	Communist Party of Greece	401,224	7.69	21	–5
	Spartans	243,922	4.68	12	New
	Greek Solution	231,491	4.44	12	–4
	Victory	193,124	3.70	10	+10
	Course of Freedom	165,523	3.17	8	+8
	MeRA25	130,378	2.50	0	0
	Patriotic Coalition[a]	25,858	0.50	0	New
	Voice of Reason	22,347	0.43	0	New
	Ecologist Greens – Green Unity	21,188	0.41	0	0
	EY Movement	17,181	0.33	0	New
	Antarsya	15,887	0.30	0	0
	Prasino+Mov	15,725	0.30	0	New
	Breath of Democracy	14,781	0.28	0	0
	Union of Centrists	14,286	0.27	0	0
	Movement of the Poor of Greece	13,652	0.26	0	0
	Communist Party of Greece (Marxist–Leninist)	9,420	0.18	0	0
	Assembly of Greeks	6,408	0.12	0	0
	Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Greece	4,250	0.08	0	0
	National Front	2,965	0.06	0	New
	Organisation of Internationalist Communists of Greece	1,374	0.03	0	0
	Organization for the Reconstruction of the KKE	1,104	0.02	0	0
	Vision of the Renaissance of Greece	132	0.00	0	New
	Panathinaikos Movement	122	0.00	0	0
	Digital Hellenism in the Whole	23	0.00	0	New
	People's European Party	17	0.00	0	New
	Republican Party of Greece – TRAMP	3	0.00	0	New
	Greek Ecologists	0	0.00	0	0
	Independents	0	0.00	0	0
Total		5,215,207	100.00	300	0
Valid votes		5,215,207	98.89
Invalid votes		32,219	0.61
Blank votes		26,273	0.50
Total votes		5,273,699	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		9,813,595	53.74
Source: Ministry of Interior

By constituency

Constituency	ND		SYRIZA		PASOK		KKE		Spartans		EL		NIKI		PE		MERA25
	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±	%	±
Achaea	34.04	0.09	23.20	3.81	13.70	1.28	7.57	0.77	4.19	New	3.90	0.22	4.33	0.61	3.51	0.58	2.38	0.12
Aetolia-Acarnania	38.85	0.63	21.64	4.20	14.20	0.67	7.09	0.81	5.01	New	2.81	0.30	3.96	0.93	2.23	0.50	1.60	0.09
Argolis	43.28	0.25	15.25	2.50	15.01	0.58	5.26	0.14	5.39	New	3.87	0.23	3.43	0.58	2.52	0.24	2.47	0.46
Arcadia	41.51	0.78	16.86	2.28	16.28	1.56	6.50	0.06	4.47	New	3.67	0.46	2.86	0.84	2.84	0.64	1.85	0.12
Arta	37.50	0.86	28.94	2.81	10.84	0.12	7.65	0.15	3.58	New	2.62	0.21	2.36	0.45	1.79	0.29	2.10	0.32
Athens A	43.27	1.09	19.97	2.58	6.86	0.16	8.90	0.30	4.22	New	2.95	0.07	2.63	0.67	3.39	0.04	4.03	0.43
Athens B1	47.32	1.30	16.95	1.81	7.64	0.24	8.98	0.35	3.08	New	2.64	0.05	2.73	0.66	3.42	0.24	3.71	0.21
Athens B2	34.66	0.20	21.13	1.60	8.92	0.12	12.14	0.74	5.02	New	4.02	0.07	2.81	0.57	4.05	0.04	3.05	0.27
Athens B3	42.32	0.76	18.66	1.88	7.91	0.37	10.17	0.49	3.76	New	3.35	0.01	2.73	0.67	3.68	0.24	3.57	0.16
East Attica	46.66	1.15	17.62	0.00	8.00	0.15	7.19	0.33	4.88	New	4.60	0.29	3.18	0.84	3.63	0.31	2.60	0.14
West Attica	39.74	2.16	15.83	2.37	8.04	0.61	10.11	0.98	7.61	New	5.95	0.74	3.44	0.88	3.15	0.06	1.87	0.32
Boeotia	37.12	0.14	18.31	2.54	14.07	0.10	8.89	0.01	5.37	New	4.35	0.35	3.42	0.79	3.12	0.30	2.05	0.22
Cephalonia	38.15	1.48	19.69	6.39	10.44	0.70	12.36	1.41	4.90	New	2.92	0.00	1.96	0.90	3.86	0.33	1.96	0.77
Chalkidiki	39.54	0.38	13.70	1.57	14.52	0.47	4.67	0.08	5.55	New	6.30	0.49	6.56	1.17	3.13	0.19	2.16	0.55
Chania	40.52	0.63	18.44	2.20	11.21	0.29	8.42	1.23	4.64	New	3.10	0.37	2.73	0.79	3.71	0.71	3.05	0.23
Chios	46.49	0.35	10.52	1.84	19.89	0.59	6.67	0.11	3.59	New	2.97	0.04	2.48	0.76	2.40	0.16	1.80	0.43
Corfu	36.74	0.34	18.56	1.43	12.06	0.26	8.74	0.08	5.36	New	3.34	0.03	2.38	0.62	6.39	1.30	2.98	0.17
Corinthia	41.83	0.23	17.27	2.58	13.66	0.48	4.37	0.23	5.64	New	4.26	0.29	4.39	0.81	3.16	0.41	2.32	0.14
Cyclades	46.68	0.87	14.14	1.81	12.44	1.16	5.74	0.11	3.99	New	3.93	0.29	2.96	0.72	3.75	0.88	2.59	0.29
Dodecanese	46.97	2.96	13.07	1.82	14.52	1.10	4.34	0.34	5.81	New	4.46	0.16	3.03	0.81	2.95	0.15	1.56	0.27
Drama	39.39	0.02	13.27	0.62	15.25	1.68	4.07	0.14	6.01	New	6.83	0.07	6.33	1.00	2.98	0.06	2.03	0.08
Elis	37.45	0.24	20.13	3.78	19.74	0.45	5.48	0.48	4.59	New	3.77	0.41	2.20	0.68	2.88	0.76	1.27	0.11
Euboea	38.63	1.47	17.77	1.08	12.99	2.24	7.64	0.50	5.30	New	4.89	0.33	3.21	0.95	3.89	0.47	2.18	0.30
Evros	44.18	0.87	15.00	3.67	12.56	0.22	3.78	0.10	5.46	New	8.72	0.00	3.47	0.65	1.76	0.12	1.38	0.23
Evrytania	41.22	3.95	19.51	3.31	15.98	4.74	5.38	0.10	3.79	New	3.05	0.14	4.43	1.22	2.49	0.94	1.76	0.03
Florina	34.42	3.70	21.81	2.93	15.12	2.00	5.65	0.76	4.31	New	5.13	0.42	5.37	1.35	2.34	0.29	1.93	0.41
Grevena	39.81	4.50	17.98	3.87	16.47	3.50	8.12	1.24	4.19	New	3.80	0.89	3.37	0.87	2.10	0.44	1.58	0.06
Heraklion	35.16	0.31	20.52	2.41	22.98	1.17	5.50	0.38	3.77	New	2.23	0.02	2.03	0.69	2.44	0.68	2.51	0.39
Imathia	39.18	1.69	14.73	2.92	11.75	0.42	5.98	0.17	5.81	New	8.21	0.40	5.48	0.91	3.14	0.31	1.79	0.15
Ioannina	38.71	0.78	22.42	1.94	13.53	0.98	8.01	0.86	3.49	New	3.06	0.11	3.16	0.68	2.18	0.44	2.20	0.05
Karditsa	43.09	3.29	16.67	3.14	16.58	2.88	7.51	0.24	4.88	New	2.82	0.11	2.74	0.86	1.71	0.18	1.34	0.16
Kastoria	44.79	2.05	16.61	4.39	11.52	2.91	4.09	0.28	4.78	New	5.32	0.26	4.99	1.08	2.39	0.22	2.33	0.18
Kavala	42.69	0.96	14.15	2.01	12.38	1.05	5.58	0.27	5.43	New	5.40	0.03	5.53	1.16	2.86	0.28	2.08	0.35
Kilkis	39.63	0.98	12.63	1.02	14.32	3.02	6.69	0.25	5.50	New	7.13	0.20	6.98	1.73	2.57	0.11	1.61	0.21
Kozani	36.69	1.94	17.48	3.26	14.75	1.54	7.26	1.13	4.30	New	4.69	0.21	6.27	1.38	2.61	0.36	2.11	0.15
Laconia	47.83	1.95	12.80	1.02	14.77	0.44	5.06	0.11	7.48	New	3.51	0.38	2.25	0.56	2.38	0.22	1.41	0.25
Larissa	39.35	0.88	17.53	2.30	12.25	0.34	9.29	0.69	5.13	New	3.88	0.14	4.10	0.79	2.57	0.44	2.05	0.45
Lasithi	39.75	0.23	14.62	3.14	25.58	4.10	4.76	0.08	2.94	New	2.57	0.21	2.08	0.47	2.52	0.29	2.36	0.34
Lefkada	41.71	0.72	17.52	2.40	12.39	0.39	11.80	0.40	3.46	New	1.98	0.34	1.91	0.45	2.71	0.58	2.92	0.39
Lesbos	39.81	0.70	13.49	2.43	14.69	0.15	14.64	1.64	4.11	New	3.47	0.05	2.84	0.68	2.06	0.29	1.46	0.38
Magnesia	42.39	1.20	17.25	1.99	9.37	1.27	7.90	0.68	4.90	New	4.09	0.04	4.04	0.91	3.67	0.13	2.62	0.19
Messenia	43.71	0.56	17.50	3.48	11.14	0.17	7.44	0.69	5.96	New	3.81	0.17	2.59	0.58	2.57	0.48	2.28	0.17
Pella	38.41	2.64	18.40	0.62	12.49	0.58	3.75	0.02	5.13	New	7.65	0.55	7.15	1.02	2.65	0.21	1.29	0.24
Phocis	44.65	1.58	16.10	3.21	11.60	1.78	8.09	0.08	4.58	New	3.65	0.52	2.77	0.87	3.11	0.71	2.20	0.27
Phthiotis	43.30	0.75	17.57	3.30	12.68	1.31	7.24	0.42	5.21	New	3.91	0.03	3.05	0.69	2.22	0.16	1.67	0.17
Pieria	38.80	2.29	13.63	1.70	13.11	0.67	5.13	0.07	5.56	New	7.00	0.56	9.26	1.80	2.63	0.19	1.67	0.39
Piraeus A	47.27	1.28	16.58	1.61	6.70	0.77	8.02	0.58	4.57	New	3.54	0.04	3.08	0.82	3.92	0.31	2.57	0.00
Piraeus B	37.24	0.20	19.36	1.39	7.60	0.19	11.49	0.66	5.60	New	4.53	0.17	3.01	0.67	4.41	0.13	2.54	0.39
Preveza	41.58	0.61	20.95	2.49	15.01	1.12	7.92	0.53	3.78	New	2.64	0.30	1.83	0.58	1.89	0.35	1.84	0.03
Rethymno	36.67	0.43	18.71	2.32	25.71	4.24	4.08	0.36	2.99	New	2.20	0.10	2.78	0.32	2.63	0.22	1.69	0.33
Rhodope	28.89	1.83	33.60	0.42	19.00	3.63	3.16	0.39	3.13	New	4.13	0.07	2.65	0.78	1.34	0.23	1.42	0.56
Samos	36.05	0.47	14.88	2.71	9.93	1.00	17.69	1.17	3.85	New	5.18	0.97	2.17	0.73	3.35	0.84	2.44	0.00
Serres	45.64	1.34	12.88	1.90	11.45	0.53	5.02	0.24	5.17	New	7.24	0.27	4.69	0.59	2.60	0.23	1.68	0.18
Thesprotia	43.33	0.67	19.13	3.54	15.07	0.30	5.83	0.34	3.86	New	2.89	0.31	2.34	0.58	2.21	0.48	1.77	0.04
Thessaloniki A	35.28	1.13	17.52	2.18	8.14	0.20	8.17	0.73	5.03	New	7.97	0.38	5.36	0.78	4.44	0.08	3.36	0.04
Thessaloniki B	40.11	0.04	13.58	1.57	9.85	0.32	6.62	0.42	5.29	New	7.95	0.02	6.49	0.86	3.78	0.11	2.27	0.18
Trikala	41.40	3.61	17.18	2.91	14.86	2.68	8.60	1.00	3.97	New	2.94	0.29	4.44	1.09	1.85	0.40	1.64	0.20
Xanthi	30.32	5.57	28.49	1.95	18.36	0.10	3.22	0.38	4.40	New	3.98	0.04	3.16	0.37	2.19	0.54	1.62	0.30
Zakynthos	39.21	1.75	16.40	4.50	13.47	2.60	12.82	2.01	5.17	New	2.88	0.38	1.87	0.33	2.92	0.93	2.22	0.17

See also

• List of members of the Hellenic Parliament, June 2023

Notes

1. Coalition of Patriotic Force – Prodromos Emfietzoglou, Patriotic Force for Change, K21, ELXA, TOLMA and other smaller parties.