John Trenchard (politician)

This article is about the Secretary of State. For the writer, see John Trenchard (writer).

Sir John Trenchard (30 March 1649 – 27 April 1695)^[1] was an English politician and landowner.

Sir John Trenchard
as Chief Justice of Cheshire 18th-century engraving by James Watson
Secretary of State for the Northern Department
In office 1693–1694
Preceded by	The Earl of Nottingham
Succeeded by	The Duke of Shrewsbury
Personal details
Born	(1649-03-30)30 March 1649 Lytchett Matravers, Dorset
Died	27 April 1695(1695-04-27) (aged 46) Kensington, London
Resting place	Bloxworth, Dorset

Mural monument to Sir John Trenchard, St Andrew's Church, Bloxworth. Displaying the arms of Trenchard impaling Speke

Life

He belonged to an old Dorset family. He was born on 30 March 1649 at Lytchett Matravers, near Poole, to Thomas Trenchard of Wolverton (1615–1671), and his wife Hannah née Henley (d. 1691).^[1] His grandfather was Sir Thomas Trenchard of Wolverton (1582–1657), who was knighted by James I in 1613.^[2]

He was educated at Winchester (1661-1665) and at New College, Oxford (1665-1667).^[1] In 1667, he entered the Middle Temple and was called to the bar in 1674. John Trenchard entered parliament as member for Taunton in 1679. He associated himself with those who proposed to exclude the Duke of York from the throne, and attended some of the meetings held by these malcontents. It is possible he was concerned in the Rye House Plot. In fact, he was arrested at all of the events in July 1683, but no definite evidence was brought against him so he was released.^[2]

When Monmouth landed in the west of England in June 1685, Trenchard fled from England to Groningen, Netherlands.^[3] Around 1687–1688, he was pardoned through the good offices of William Penn, and able to return home. Again he entered parliament, but he took no active part in the Revolution of 1688, although he managed to secure the good will of William III. On 29 October 1689, he was knighted by the king, and made Chief Justice of Chester. In 1692, he was appointed Secretary of State. He and the government incurred much ridicule through their failure to prove the existence of a great Jacobite plot in Lancashire and Cheshire in which they had been led to believe.^[2]

Family

On 10 November 1682, he married: Philippa Speke (1664–1743), daughter of George and Mary Speke of White Lackington, Somerset,^[1] with four sons and three daughters including:

1. George Trenchard (d. 1758)
2. Maria Trenchard (1687-)
3. William Trenchard (12 October 1694-)

Sir John died on 27 April 1695 at Kensington, London, of tuberculosis^[1] and he is buried at Bloxworth, Dorset.

See also

• Whig Junto

Notes

1. "TRENCHARD, Sir John (1649-95), of Lytchett Matravers, nr. Poole, Dorset". The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 14 December 2014.
2. Chisholm 1911.
3. IGI: Baptism of Maria Trenchard to John and Philippa on 18 March 1687 at Nederlands Hervormde Kerk, Groningen, Netherlands

References

• Seccombe, Thomas (1899). "Trenchard, John (1640–1695)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 57. London: Smith, Elder & Co. , which gives his year of birth incorrectly as 1640.
• Clifton, Robin. "Trenchard, Sir John (1649–1695)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27705. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Attribution:

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trenchard, Sir John". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 245.

Parliament of England
Preceded by Sir William Wyndham, Bt Sir William Portman, Bt	Member of Parliament for Taunton with Sir William Portman, Bt1679 Sir John Cutler, Bt 1679–1680 Edmund Prideaux 1680–1685 1679–1685	Succeeded by Sir William Portman, Bt John Sanford
Preceded by William Harbord Sir Francis Guybon	Member of Parliament for Thetford with 1689–1690	Succeeded by Sir Francis Guybon William Harbord
Preceded by Henry Trenchard Sir Nathaniel Napier, Bt	Member of Parliament for Poole with Sir Nathaniel Napier, Bt 1690–1695	Succeeded by Sir Nathaniel Napier, Bt Lord Ashley
Political offices
Preceded by The Earl of Nottingham	Secretary of State for the Northern Department 1693–1694	Succeeded by The Duke of Shrewsbury
	Secretary of State for the Southern Department 1693–1695
Legal offices
Preceded by Sir Job Charlton	Chief Justice of Chester 1689–1690	Succeeded by John Coombe