Iberian grey shrike

The Iberian grey shrike (Lanius meridionalis) is a member of the shrike family. It is closely related to the great grey shrike, Lanius excubitor, and its plumage is generally similar to the great grey shrike apart from the differences noted below. The Iberian was previously considered conspecific with the great grey; where they co-occur, they do not interbreed and are separated by choice of habitat.^[2]

Iberian grey shrike
in Castro Verde, Alentejo, Portugal
Conservation status
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Laniidae
Genus:	Lanius
Species:	L. meridionalis
Binomial name
Lanius meridionalis Temminck, 1820

Taxonomy and systematics

The genus name, Lanius, is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes are also known as "butcher birds" because of their feeding habits. The specific meridionalis is Latin for "southern".^[3] The common English name "shrike" is from Old English scríc, "shriek", referring to the shrill call.^[4] This taxon was included in the great grey shrike (L. excubitor) sensu lato, then it was placed in a taxon called Southern grey shrike with the North African and Western Asian subspecies of L. excubitor. However, phylogenetic studies have shown that the Iberian grey shrike is more closely related to the Northern shrike (L. borealis) of North America and Eastern Siberia and was classified as a separate species while the systematics of the remaining great grey shrike taxa still need to be resolved.^[5]

Description

The Iberian grey shrike is similar in size to the great grey shrikes found in northern Europe but is may have a slightly larger head, stronger bill and thinner tail. The plumage of the Iberian grey shrike is much darker grey above, especially on the crown, nape and mantle and there is a greyish-pink hue to the breast and belly. The black mask is wider and there is a clearer white supercilium. There is a moderately large white patch on the primaries but no white on the secondaries. Juveniles are less distinctive.^[6]

Distribution and habitat

The Iberian grey shrike is endemic to southwestern Europe where it occurs across most of the Iberian Peninsula, extending into southern France.^[1] It breeds in open habitats, such as open, dry plains, typically on limestone heath or stony grassland with some scrub and single trees and bushes trees and bushes.^[6]

Behaviour and ecology

Eggs of Lanius meridionalis - MHNT

This medium-sized passerine bird eats large insects, small birds and rodents. Like other shrikes it hunts from prominent perches, and impales corpses on thorns or barbed wire as a "larder".^[7]