Hyaenodontidae

Hyaenodontidae ("hyena teeth") is a family of placental mammals in the extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Asia, North America and Europe.^[2][3][4]

Hyaenodontidae Temporal range: 55.2–16.9 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N early Eocene to early Miocene
skull of Hyaenodon horridus
skull of Cynohyaenodon cayluxi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Hyaenodonta
Superfamily:	†Hyaenodontoidea
Family:	†Hyaenodontidae Leidy, 1869[1]
Type genus
†Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838
Genera
[see text]
Synonyms
list of synonyms: Hyaenodontida (Haeckel, 1895) Hyaenodontoidea (Trouessart, 1885)

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

• Family: †Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869)
  • Genus: †Boritia (Solé, 2014)
    • †Boritia duffaudi (Solé, 2014)
  • Genus: †Neosinopa (Lavrov, 1999)
    • †Neosinopa gobiensis (Lavrov, 1999)
  • Genus: †Praecodens (Lange-Badré, 1981)
    • †Praecodens acutus (Lange-Badré, 1981)
  • Genus: †Preregidens (Solé, 2015)
    • †Preregidens langebadrae (Solé, 2015)
  • Genus: †Protoproviverra (Lemoine, 1891)
    • †Protoproviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880)
  • (unranked): †Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium clade
    • Genus: †Cynohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Filhol, 1873)
      • †Cynohyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1873)
      • †Cynohyaenodon lautricensis (Lange-Badré, 1978)
      • †Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri (Van Valen, 1965)
      • †Cynohyaenodon smithae (Solé, 2021)
      • †Cynohyaenodon trux (Van Valen, 1965)
    • Genus: †Paracynohyaenodon (Martin, 1906)
      • †Paracynohyaenodon magnus (Crochet, 1988)
      • †Paracynohyaenodon schlosseri (Martin, 1906)
    • Genus: †Quercytherium (Filhol, 1880)
      • †Quercytherium simplicidens (Lange-Badré, 1975)
      • †Quercytherium tenebrosum (Filhol, 1880)
  • (unranked): †Eurotherium clade
    • Genus: †Alienetherium (Lange-Badré, 1981)
      • †Alienetherium buxwilleri (Lange-Badré, 1981)
    • Genus: †Cartierodon (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
      • †Cartierodon egerkingensis (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
    • Genus: †Eurotherium ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Polly & Lange-Badré, 1993)
      • †Eurotherium mapplethorpei (Solé, 2021)
      • †Eurotherium matthesi (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
      • †Eurotherium theriodis (Van Valen, 1965)
    • Genus: †Paenoxyaenoides (Lange-Badre, 1979)
      • †Paenoxyaenoides liguritor (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    • Genus: †Prodissopsalis (Matthes, 1950)
      • †Prodissopsalis eocaenicus (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Prodissopsalis jimenezi (Salesa, 2023)
  • (unranked): †Leonhardtina clade
    • Genus: †Leonhardtina (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Leonhardtina godinoti (Solé, 2014)
      • †Leonhardtina gracilis (Matthes, 1952)
      • †Leonhardtina meridianum (Solé, 2020)
  • (unranked): †Matthodon clade
    • Genus: †Matthodon (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
      • †Matthodon menui (Rich, 1971)
      • †Matthodon peignei (Solé, 2020)
      • †Matthodon tritens (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
  • (unranked): †Oxyaenoides clade
    • Subfamily: †Oxyaenoidinae (Lavrov, 1999) (syn. Francotheriini (Lavrov, 1999))
      • Genus: †Oxyaenoides (Matthes, 1967)
        • †Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis (Solé, 2020)
        • †Oxyaenoides bicuspidens (Matthes, 1967)
        • †Oxyaenoides lindgreni (Rich, 1971)
        • †Oxyaenoides schlosseri (Rütimeyer, 1891)
  • Subfamily: †Hyaenodontinae (Trouessart, 1885)
    • Genus: †Consobrinus (Lange-Badre, 1979)
      • †Consobrinus quercy (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    • Genus: †Propterodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Martin, 1906)
      • †Propterodon morrisi (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
      • †Propterodon paganensis (de Bonis, 2018)
      • †Propterodon tongi (Liu & Huang, 2002)
      • †Propterodon witteri (Zack, 2019)
    • Tribe: †Hyaenodontini (Leidy, 1869)
      • Genus: †Hyaenodon (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
        • †Hyaenodon brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
        • †Hyaenodon chunkhtensis (Dashzeveg, 1985)
        • †Hyaenodon dubius (Filhol, 1873)
        • †Hyaenodon eminus (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
        • †Hyaenodon exiguus (Gervais, 1873)
        • †Hyaenodon filholi (Schlosser, 1887)
        • †Hyaenodon gervaisi (Martin, 1906)
        • †Hyaenodon heberti (Filhol, 1876)
        • †Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
        • †Hyaenodon minor (Lange-Badré, 1979)
        • †Hyaenodon pervagus (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
        • †Hyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999)
        • †Hyaenodon requieni (Gervais, 1846)
        • †Hyaenodon rossignoli (Lange-Badré, 1979)
        • †Hyaenodon weilini (Wang, 2005)
        • †Hyaenodon yuanchuensis (Young, 1937)
        • Subgenus: †Neohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Thorpe, 1922)
          • †Hyaenodon gigas (Dashzeveg, 1985)
          • †Hyaenodon horridus (Leidy, 1853)
          • †Hyaenodon incertus (Dashzeveg, 1985)
          • †Hyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999)
          • †Hyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977)
          • †Hyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999)
          • †Hyaenodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964)
          • †Hyaenodon montanus (Douglass, 1902)
          • †Hyaenodon vetus (Stock, 1933)
        • Subgenus: †Protohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Stock, 1933)
          • †Hyaenodon brevirostrus (Macdonald, 1970)
          • †Hyaenodon crucians (Leidy, 1853)
          • †Hyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977)
          • †Hyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894)
          • †Hyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986)
          • †Hyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977)

References

1. Leidy J. (1869.) "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
2. "The Paleobiology Database Hyaenodontidae page". Archived from the original on 2012-10-12. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
3. Lambert, David and the Diagram Group (1985): The Field Guide to Prehistoric Life. Facts on File Publications, New York. ISBN 0-8160-1125-7
4. Solé, F.; Falconnet, J.; Yves, L. (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.