Gunning Bedford Jr.

For other people with the same name, see Gunning Bedford.

Gunning Bedford Jr. (1747 – March 30, 1812) was an American Founding Father, delegate to the Congress of the Confederation (Continental Congress), Attorney General of Delaware, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 which drafted the United States Constitution, a signer of the United States Constitution, and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware.

Gunning Bedford Jr.
Portrait by Charles Willson Peale
Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware
In office September 26, 1789 – March 30, 1812
Appointed by	George Washington
Preceded by	Seat established by 1 Stat. 73
Succeeded by	John Fisher
Delegate to the Continental Congress from Delaware
In office October 26, 1784 – October 27, 1786
In office February 1, 1783 – April 8, 1784
Personal details
Born	Gunning Bedford Jr. 1747 (1747) Philadelphia, Province of Pennsylvania, British America
Died	March 30, 1812(1812-03-30) (aged 64–65) Wilmington, Delaware, US
Resting place	Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery Wilmington, Delaware
Relatives	Gunning Bedford Sr.; Gertrude Franklin
Education	Princeton University read law
Signature

Education and career

Coat of Arms of Gunning Bedford, Jr.

Bedford was born in 1747, in Philadelphia, Province of Pennsylvania, British America,^[1] the fifth of eleven children^[2] to a wealthy family.^[3] He graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) on September 25, 1771, with honors, as a classmate of James Madison.^[4][5][6][1] He was admitted to the Delaware bar and entered private practice in Dover from 1779 to 1783.^[7]

On July 17, 1775, the Second Continental Congress resolved to elect Bedford to deputy-muster-general for New York in the Continental Army, during the American Revolutionary War.^[8] On February 28, 1776, he was assigned to the northern army in Canada to muster troops there monthly.^[8] On June 18, 1776, he was promoted to muster-master-general and assigned to New York.^[8] He served briefly as an aide to General George Washington.^[9]

He was a delegate to the Congress of the Confederation from 1783 to 1785.^[1] He was Attorney General of Delaware from April 26, 1784, to September 26, 1789.^[1][7] He was appointed a commissioner to the Annapolis Convention in September 1786 but did not attend.^[7] He was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787, which drafted the United States Constitution^[1] and was a signer of the Constitution.^[7] During the convention, Bedford's threat, "the small ones would find some foreign ally of more honor and good faith, who will take them by the hand and do them justice" was shouted down as treasonous by the other delegates.^[10]

He was a member of the Delaware convention which ratified the Constitution in 1787.^[7] He was a member of the Delaware Legislative Council (now the Delaware Senate) in 1788.^[1] Bedford was nominated by President George Washington on September 24, 1789, to the United States District Court for the District of Delaware, to a new seat authorized by 1 Stat. 73.^[1] He was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 26, 1789, and received his commission the same day.^[1] Bedford was a leading advocate for the abolition of slavery.^[11]

Family

Bedford was a cousin of Gunning Bedford Sr., a Governor of Delaware.^[7] In late 1772 or early 1773, Bedford married Jane Ballareau Parker, the daughter of James Parker, a printer who had learned his trade from Benjamin Franklin.^[4] He had 5 children, none of whom married.^{[citation needed]} In 1793, he purchased Lombardy Hall on 250 acres in Brandywine Hundred.^[12][13]

Death and legacy

Gunning Bedford Jr. Memorial at Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery

Close-up of Gunning Bedford Jr. Memorial

Close-up of plaque at base of Gunning Bedford, Jr. Memorial

He died in office as a federal judge on March 30, 1812.^[14] He was interred first in the Presbyterian Cemetery in Wilmington.^[15] His remains were moved to the Masonic Home Cemetery at Christiana, Delaware. The cemetery is now the location of the Wilmington Institute Library.

Notes

1. Gunning Bedford sr. at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
2. Fradin, Dennis Brindell (2005). The Founders: The 39 Stories Behind the U.S. Constitution. New York: Walker & Company. p. 8. ISBN 0-8027-8972-2.
3. Morton, Joseph C. (2006). Shapers of the Great Debate at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 31. ISBN 0-313-33021-2.
4. Littleton, Harold T.J. "Gunning Bedford Biography". Lombardy Hall History. Granite-Corinthian Lodge No. 34, A.F.& A.M.; Grand Lodge of Delaware. Retrieved July 13, 2015.
5. Klett, Joseph R. (1996). Genealogies of New Jersey Families: Families A-Z, pre-American notes on old. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Publishing Company. p. 687.
6. "The Founding Fathers: Delaware". The Founding Fathers: Delaware. US Archives. Retrieved July 13, 2015.
7. United States Congress. "Gunning Bedford Jr. (id: B000300)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
8. Congressional Edition, Volume 4045 Journals of the American Continental Congress. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1901. pp. 631–632.
9. Fradin, Dennis Brindell (2005). The Founders: The 39 Stories Behind the U.S. Constitution. New York: Walker & Company. p. 8. ISBN 0-8027-8972-2. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
10. New Republic, August 7, 2002.
11. Fradin, Dennis Brindell (2005). The Founders: The 39 Stories Behind the U.S. Constitution. New York: Walker & Company. p. 9. ISBN 0-8027-8972-2. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
12. "National Historic Landmarks". National Park Service. Archived from the original on December 6, 2007. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
13. Littleton, Harold T.J. "Lombardy Hall". Granite-Corinthian Lodge No. 34, A.F.& A.M.; Grand Lodge of Delaware. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
14. Gunning Bedford Jr. at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
15. McKenney, Janice (2013). Women of the Constitution: Wives of the Signers. District of Columbia: Romand & Littlefield. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-8108-8499-1.

References

• United States Congress. "Gunning Bedford Jr. (id: B000300)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• Gunning Bedford Jr. at the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
• Delaware Members of Congress
• The Political Graveyard
• Judges of the United States Courts
• National Historic Landmarks Program Archived November 28, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
• Lombardy Hall

External links

• Delaware Historical Society; website
• University of Delaware; Library website

Legal offices
Preceded by Seat established by 1 Stat. 73	Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware 1789–1812	Succeeded by John Fisher