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Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nitratoauric acid, hydrogen tetranitratoaurate, or simply called gold(III) nitrate is a crystalline gold compound that forms the trihydrate, HAu(NO3)4·3H2O or more correctly H5O2Au(NO3)4·H2O.[3][2] This compound is an intermediate in the process of extracting gold.[4] In older literature it is also known as aurinitric acid.[5]
Names | |
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IUPAC name
Hydrogen tetranitratoaurate(III)[1] | |
Other names
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Identifiers | |
ChemSpider | |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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Properties | |
HAu(NO3)4 | |
Molar mass | 445.99 g/mol (anhydrous) 500.04 g/mol (trihydrate) |
Appearance | Brown Crystals[1] |
Density | 2.84 g/cm3[1] |
Melting point | 72.6 °C (162.7 °F; 345.8 K)[2] |
Hydrolyzes[2] | |
Solubility in nitric acid | Insoluble (0 °C) Soluble (30 °C) |
Structure[2] | |
Monoclinic | |
C2/c | |
a = 1214.5 pm, b = 854.4 pm, c = 1225.7 pm | |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Oxidizing |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H272, H302, H312, H315, H318, H332, H335 | |
P210, P220, P221, P261, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P332+P313 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Chloroauric acid |
Other cations |
Potassium tetranitratoaurate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Nitratoauric acid is prepared by the reaction of gold(III) hydroxide and concentrated nitric acid at 100 °C:[2][5]
This compound reacts with potassium nitrate to form potassium tetranitratoaurate at 0 °C:[6]
Nitratoauric acid trihydrate decomposes to the monohydrate at 72 °C. If continually heated to 203 °C, it decomposes to auric oxide.[2]
The production of the simple nitrate (Au(NO3)3) was reported from the reaction of gold oxide and dinitrogen pentoxide, however, this was later proven to be nitronium tetranitratoaurate ((NO2)Au(NO3)4).[7][8]
However, the ammine complex of the simple gold nitrate is known. Au(NH3)4(NO3)3, also known as tetraaminegold(III) nitrate, is produced by the addition of ammonium nitrate to a solution of chloroauric acid. The hydrolysis of this compound produces fulminating gold.[9][10][11]
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