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List of Jewish communities in the United Kingdom
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a list of Jewish communities in the United Kingdom, including synagogues, yeshivot[nb 1] and Hebrew schools. For a list of buildings which were previously used as synagogues see List of former synagogues in the United Kingdom.
England
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Jews in the UK now number around 270,000,[1] with over 260,000 of these in England, which contains the second largest Jewish population in Europe (behind France) and the fifth largest Jewish community worldwide. The majority of the Jews in England live in and around London, with almost 160,000 Jews in London itself and a further 20,800 in nearby Hertfordshire, primarily in Bushey (4,500), Borehamwood (3,900), and Radlett (2,300). The next most significant population is in Greater Manchester with a community of slightly more than 25,000, primarily in Bury (10,360),[2] Salford (7,920),[3] Manchester itself (2,725)[4] and Trafford (2,490).[5] There are also significant communities in Leeds (6,760),[6] Gateshead (3,000),[7] Brighton (2,730),[8] Liverpool (2,330),[9] Birmingham (2,150)[10] and Southend (2,080).[11]
East of England
Cambridge and East Anglia
Cambridgeshire
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Norfolk
Suffolk
East Midlands
Derbyshire
Leicestershire
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Lincolnshire
Nottinghamshire
Essex
Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire
Greater London and Surrey
Central London
Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
City of Westminster
City of London and the East End
City of London
London Borough of Tower Hamlets
East and North East London
London Borough of Hackney
London Borough of Redbridge
London Borough of Waltham Forest
North and North West London
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South and South East London
London Borough of Bromley
London Borough of Croydon
London Borough of Lambeth
London Borough of Lewisham
London Borough of Sutton
South West London and Surrey
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West London
North East England
North West England
Blackpool and Lytham St Annes
Liverpool
Greater Manchester
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Southport
South East England
Kent
Sussex
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South West England
West Midlands
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Yorkshire
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Leeds
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Scotland
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There have been Jews in Scotland since the 17th century, if not earlier.[321] Most Scottish Jews today are of Ashkenazi background who mainly settled in Edinburgh, then in Glasgow in the mid-19th century. According to the 2011 census, 5,887 Jews lived in Scotland; a decline of 8.7% from the 2001 census.[322] The total population of Scotland at the time was 5,313,600, making Scottish Jews 0.1% of the population.
Edinburgh
Greater Glasgow
Elsewhere
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Wales
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There are records of Jews in Abergavenny, Caerleon and Chepstow in the 13th century, all of them in the Marcher Lordships of South Wales.[332] However, after the English conquest of Wales (1287–1283), Edward I issued the 1290 Edict of Expulsion expelling the Jews from England. It is likely that most, if not all, Jews left Wales after Edward I's edict of 1290.
A Jewish community was recorded in Swansea in around 1730. Further Jewish communities were formed in the 19th century in Cardiff, Merthyr Tydfil, Pontypridd and Tredegar."[333]
Jewish communities in Wales were augmented by refugees from Nazi-dominated Europe in the late 1930s.
The modern community in South Wales is centred on the Cardiff Reform Synagogue and the Cardiff United Synagogue. There is also a synagogue in Swansea. The synagogue of Merthyr Tydfil, the major one north of Cardiff, ceased to hold regular services in the 1970s and the building was later sold.
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Northern Ireland
The Jews of Northern Ireland have lived primarily in Belfast, where the Belfast Hebrew Congregation, an Ashkenazi Orthodox community, was established in 1870.[340] Former communities were located in Derry and Lurgan.[341][342][343] The first reference to Jews in Belfast dates from 1652, and a "Jew butcher" was mentioned in 1771, suggesting some semblance of a Jewish community at that time.[344]
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See also
- Lists
- History
- Organisations and movements
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Notes
References
External links
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