The Jadoon, also known as Gadoon[1] or Jadun (Pashto: ږدون،ګدون،سدون،زدون; Hindko: جدون) is a Pashtun tribe primarily residing in the Hazara and Kohistan regions as well as in the Swabi district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Some members of the tribe also live in Nangarhar and Kunar in Afghanistan.[2][3][4]
جدون | |
|---|---|
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Hazara region | Abbottabad, Haripur, Mansehra |
| Languages | |
| Pashto, Hindko | |
| Religion | |
Islam  | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Pashtuns • Hazarewal | |
History
A small section of the Jadoon tribe – using the ethnonym Gadun – speaks Pashto but rest of the tribe in the Hazara region has been assimilated into the Hindkowan Hazarewal community and speaks Hindko.[1] Sir Olaf Caroe, a British Raj-era administrator of NWFP, counts Jadoon tribe under Panni sub-divison in the genealogy of the Gharghasht in his book The Pathans.[5] According to the historian I︠U︡riĭ Vladimirovich Gankovskiĭ (Yuri V. Gankovsky), professor of Pakistan Studies at Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow, the Jadoons were a tribe of Indo-Aryan origin that were assimilated by the Kakar.[6]
Genetics
Y haplogroup and mtdna haplogroup samples were taken from Jadoon, Yousafzai, Sayyid, Gujaran and Tanoli men living in Swabi District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. Jadoon men have predominantly East Asian origin paternal ancestry with West Eurasian maternal ancestry and a lesser amount of South Asian maternal ancestry according to a Y and mtdna haplogroup test indicating local females marrying immigrant males during the medieval period. Y Haplogroup O3-M122 makes up the majority of Jadoon men, the same haplogroup carried by the majority (50-60%) of Han Chinese. 82.5% of Jadoon men carrying Q-MEH2 and O3-M122 which are both of East Asian origin. O3-M122 was absent in the Sayyid (Syed) population and appeared in low numbers among Tanolis, Gujars and Yousafzais. There appears to be founder affect in the O3-M122 among the Jadoon.[7] 76.32% of Jadoon men carry O3-M122 while 0.75% of Tanolis, 0.81% of Gujars and 2.82% of Yousafzais carry O3-M122.[8][9]
56.25% of Jadoons in another test carried West Eurasian maternal Haplogroup H (mtDNA).[10] Dental morphology of the Swabi Jadoons was also analyzed and compared to other groups in the regions like Yousufzais and Sayyids.[11]
People
- Amanullah Khan Jadoon, former MPA and Federal Minister
- Iqbal Khan Jadoon, former Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Amira Jadoon, Professor, Clemson University, United States
See also
- Nimat Allah al-Harawi Author of Tarikh-i-Khan Jahani Makhzan-i-Afghani (The History of the Afghans).
References
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