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Automatic transmission family produced by General Motors From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 6L 50 (and similar 6L 45) is a 6-speed longitudinally-mounted automatic transmission produced by General Motors. It is very similar in design to the larger GM 6L 80 and 6L 90, and is produced at GM Powertrain plants in Toledo, Ohio; Silao, Guanajuato, Mexico; and by the independent Punch Powerglide company in Strasbourg, France.
6L 45 · 6L 50 · 6L 80 · 6L 90 | |
---|---|
![]() A Hydra-Matic 6L80 transmission at the Ypsilanti Automotive Heritage Museum | |
Overview | |
Manufacturer | General Motors |
Production | 2005–present |
Body and chassis | |
Class | 6-Speed Longitudinal Automatic Transmission |
Related | Aisin AWTF-80 SC Ford 6R ZF 6HP |
Chronology | |
Predecessor | 4L60-E · 4L65-E 5L40-E · 5L50 |
Successor | 8L 45 · 8L 90 |
This transmission features clutch to clutch shifting, eliminating the bands used on older transmission designs. The 6L 50 debuted for the 2007 model year on the V8-powered versions of the Cadillac STS sedan and Cadillac SRX crossover, and replaces the 5L40-E and 5L50 in GM's lineup. The 6L 45 version is used in certain BMW vehicles and the Cadillac ATS, as part of either rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive powertrains.
The 6L 80 (and similar 6L 90) is a six-speed automatic transmission built by General Motors at its Willow Run Transmission plant in Ypsilanti, MI. It was introduced in late 2005, and is very similar in design to the smaller 6L 45 and 6L 50, produced at GM Powertrain in Strasbourg, France.
It features clutch to clutch shifting, eliminating the one-way clutches used on older transmission designs. In February 2006 GM announced that it would invest $500 million to expand the Toledo Transmission plant in Toledo, Ohio to produce the 6L 80 in 2008. Torque rating 6L 80 590 lb⋅ft (800 N⋅m), 6L 90 885 lb⋅ft (1,200 N⋅m) and is adaptable to rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive applications.
A conventional planetary gearset and a compound Ravigneaux gearset is combined in a Lepelletier gear mechanism,[1] to reduce both the size and weight. It was first realized with the 6HP from ZF Friedrichshafen. Like all transmissions realized with Lepelletier transmissions, the 6L also dispenses with the use of the direct gear ratio, making it one of the very few automatic transmission concepts without such a ratio.
It also has the capability to achieve torque converter lock-up on all six forward gears, and disengage it completely when at a standstill, significantly closing the fuel efficiency gap between automatic and manual transmissions.
Gear Model |
R | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Total Span |
Avg. Step |
Compo- nents |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6L 45 MYA · 6L 50 MYB | −3.200 | 4.065 | 2.371 | 1.551 | 1.157 | 0.853 | 0.674 | 6.035 | 1.433 | 3 Gearsets 2 Brakes 3 Clutches |
6L 80 MYC · 6L 90 MYD | −3.064 | 4.027 | 2.364 | 1.532 | 1.152 | 0.852 | 0.667 | 6.040 | 1.433 | |
ZF 6HP All · 2000[lower-alpha 2] | −3.403 | 4.171 | 2.340 | 1.521 | 1.143 | 0.867 | 0.691 | 6.035 | 1.433 | |
6L 45 MYA · 6L 50 MYB | 6L 80 MYC · 6L 90 MYD | |
---|---|---|
Input Capacity | ||
Maximum engine power | 315 bhp (235 kW) | 555 bhp (414 kW) |
Maximum gearbox torque | 450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft) 480 N⋅m (354 lb⋅ft) |
800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) 1,200 N⋅m (885 lb⋅ft) |
Maximum shift speed | 7,000/min | 6,200/min |
Vehicle | ||
Maximum Validated Weight Gross Vehicle Weight · GVW |
5,000 lb (2,270 kg) 6,610 lb (3,000 kg) |
15,000 lb (6,800 kg) |
Maximum Validated Weight Gross Curb Vehicle Weight · GCVW |
12,500 lb (5,670 kg) | 21,000 lb (9,530 kg) |
Gearbox | ||
7-position quadrant | P · R · N · D · X · X · X[lower-alpha 1] | |
Case material | Die cast aluminum | |
Shift pattern (2) | Three-way on/off solenoids | |
Shift quality | Five variable bleed solenoid | |
Torque converter clutch | Variable Bleed Solenoid ECCC | |
Converter size | 240 mm (9.45 in) | 258 mm (10.16 in) |
Fluid type | DEXRON VI | |
Fluid capacity | 9.1 kg with 258 & 300 mm | |
Available Control Features | ||
Shift Patterns | Multiple (Selectable) | |
Driver Shift Control | Tap Up · Tap Down | |
Shifting | Enhanced Performance Algorithm Shifting (PAS) | |
Additional Modes | Tow & Haul Mode (Selectable) | |
Engine Torque Management | On All Shifts | |
Shift Control | Altitude & Temperature Compensation Adaptive Shift Time Neutral Idle Reverse Lockout Automatic Grade Braking | |
Additional Features | ||
Control | OBDII · EOBD Integral Electro/Hydraulic Controls Module (Tehcm) Control Interface Protocol – GMLAN The transmission control module (TCM) is built into the solenoid pack/housing | |
Assembly sites | GMPT[lower-alpha 2] Strasbourg · France GMPT[lower-alpha 2] Toledo · Ohio · USA GMPT[lower-alpha 2] Silao · Mexico | |
With Assessment[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2] | Planetary Gearset: Teeth[lower-alpha 3] Lepelletier Gear Mechanism |
Count | Total | Avg. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simple | Ravigneaux | ||||||
Model | Version First Delivery |
S1[lower-alpha 4] R1[lower-alpha 5] |
S2[lower-alpha 6] R2[lower-alpha 7] |
S3[lower-alpha 8] R3[lower-alpha 9] |
Brakes Clutches |
Ratio Span |
Gear Step[lower-alpha 10] |
Gear Ratio |
R |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Step | [lower-alpha 11] | [lower-alpha 12] | |||||
Step 2[lower-alpha 13] | |||||||
Shaft Speed |
|||||||
Δ Shaft Speed |
|||||||
6L 45 MYA 6L 50 MYB |
500 N⋅m (369 lb⋅ft) 2005 |
49 89 |
37 47 |
47 97 |
2 3 |
6.0346 | 1.4326[lower-alpha 10] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.2001[lower-alpha 11] |
4.0650 |
2.3712[lower-alpha 12][lower-alpha 14] |
1.5506 |
1.1567[lower-alpha 14][lower-alpha 15] |
0.8532 |
0.6736 |
Step | 0.7872[lower-alpha 11] | 1.0000 | 1.7143[lower-alpha 12] | 1.5293 | 1.3406 | 1.3557 | 1.2662 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 13] | 1.1210[lower-alpha 14] | 1.1408 | 0.9889[lower-alpha 14] | 1.0703 | |||
Speed | –1.2703 | 1.0000 | 1.7143 | 2.6216 | 3.5144 | 4.7643 | 6.0346 |
Δ Speed | 1.2703 | 1.0000 | 0.7143 | 0.9073 | 0.8928[lower-alpha 15] | 1.2499 | 1.2703 |
6L 80 MYC 6L 90 MYD |
800 N⋅m (590 lb⋅ft) 2005 |
50 94 |
35 46 |
46 92 |
2 3 |
6.0401 | 1.4329[lower-alpha 10] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.0638[lower-alpha 11] |
4.0267 |
2.3635[lower-alpha 12][lower-alpha 14] |
1.5319 |
1.1522[lower-alpha 14][lower-alpha 15] |
0.8521 |
0.6667 |
Step | 0.7609[lower-alpha 11] | 1.0000 | 1.7037[lower-alpha 12] | 1.5429 | 1.3296 | 1.3522 | 1.2781 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 13] | 1.1043[lower-alpha 14] | 1.1604 | 0.9832[lower-alpha 14] | 1.0580 | |||
Speed | –1.3143 | 1.0000 | 1.7037 | 2.6286 | 3.4948 | 4.7258 | 6.0401 |
Δ Speed | 1.3143 | 1.0000 | 0.7037 | 0.9249 | 0.8662[lower-alpha 15] | 1.2310 | 1.3143 |
ZF 6HP | All[lower-alpha 2] · 2000[lower-alpha 16] | 37 71 |
31 38 |
38 85 |
2 3 |
6.0354 | 1.4327[lower-alpha 10] |
Gear Ratio |
−3.4025[lower-alpha 11] |
4.1708 |
2.3397[lower-alpha 12] |
1.5211 |
1.1428[lower-alpha 14][lower-alpha 15] |
0.8672 |
0.6911 |
Step | 0.8158[lower-alpha 11] | 1.0000 | 1.7826[lower-alpha 12] | 1.5382 | 1.3311 | 1.3178 | 1.2549 |
Step 2[lower-alpha 13] | 1.1589 | 1.1559 | 1.0101[lower-alpha 14] | 1.0502 | |||
Speed | –1.2258 | 1.0000 | 1.7826 | 2.7419 | 3.6497 | 4.8096 | 6.0354 |
Δ Speed | 1.2258 | 1.0000 | 0.7826 | 0.9593 | 0.9078[lower-alpha 15] | 1.1599 | 1.2258 |
Ratio R & Even |
|||||||
Ratio Odd |
|||||||
Algebra And Actuated Shift Elements | |||||||
Brake A[lower-alpha 17] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | |||
Brake B[lower-alpha 18] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
Clutch C[lower-alpha 19] | ❶ | ❶ | |||||
Clutch D[lower-alpha 20] | ❶ | ❶ | |||||
Clutch E[lower-alpha 21] | ❶ | ❶ | ❶ | ||||
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