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Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1842 to 1883 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frederick Francis II (German: Friedrich Franz II; 28 February 1823 – 15 April 1883) was a Prussian officer and Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 7 March 1842 until 15 April 1883.
| Frederick Francis II | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin | |
| Reign | 7 March 1842 – 15 April 1883 |
| Predecessor | Paul Frederick |
| Successor | Frederick Francis III |
| Born | 28 February 1823 Ludwigslust Palace, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, German Confederation |
| Died | 15 April 1883 (aged 60) Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany |
| Spouse |
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| Issue | Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Duke Paul Frederick Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia Duke Nikolaus Duke John Albert Duke Alexander Duchess Anna Elisabeth, Grand Duchess of Oldenburg Duke Friedrich William Duke Adolf Friedrich Henry, Prince Consort of the Netherlands |
| House | Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Father | Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Mother | Princess Alexandrine of Prussia |
| Religion | Lutheran |
He was born in Schloss Ludwigslust, the eldest son of Hereditary Grand Duke Paul Friedrich of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Alexandrine of Prussia. He became heir apparent to the grand duchy following the death of his great-grandfather Frederick Francis I on 1 February 1837. Frederick Francis was privately educated until 1838. He then attended the Blochmann institute in Dresden before going to the University of Bonn.[1][2] Frederick Francis succeeded his father as Grand Duke on 7 March 1842.
During the Second Schleswig War, Frederick Francis served on the staff of Generalfeldmarschall Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, having refused a command in the fight against Denmark since Christian IX of Denmark was a close friend.[3] During the Austro-Prussian War he commanded the forces that occupied Leipzig and lay siege to Nuremberg. He also took part in the Franco-Prussian War, during which he was made Governor-General of Reims and commanded the German forces laying siege to Toul. He defended the Prussian forces during the Siege of Paris from attack by the Army of the Loire. He defeated French forces at the battles of Beaune-La-Rolande and Beaugency. He was the maternal first cousin of both German Emperor Frederick III and Russian Tsar Alexander II. He held the rank of Prussian general and was also a Russian General Field Marshal.[1]
Frederick Francis died on 15 April 1883 in Schwerin and was succeeded as Grand Duke by his eldest son, Frederick Francis III.
Frederick Francis was first married to Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz (26 May 1822 – 3 March 1862) on 3 November 1849 in Ludwigslust. They had six children:
Frederick Francis married for a second time in Darmstadt to Princess Anna of Hesse and by Rhine (25 May 1843 – 16 April 1865) on 4 July 1864. They had one daughter:
His third wife was Princess Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt on 4 July 1868. They had four children:
Mecklenburg:
Anhalt: Grand Cross of the Order of Albert the Bear, with Swords, 19 September 1864[5]
Baden:
Bavaria:
Brunswick: Grand Cross of the Order of Henry the Lion
Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, May 1840[9]
Hanover:[10]
Hesse-Darmstadt: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 25 December 1843[11]
Hesse-Kassel: Knight of the Golden Lion, 14 March 1864[12]
Nassau: Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau, July 1858[13]
Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Golden Crown, 8 October 1843; with Swords, 31 December 1870[14]
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 16 February 1840;[15] with Swords, 1871[16]
Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1842[17]
Prussia:
Württemberg:[20]
Austrian Empire: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1844[21]
Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 5 April 1842[22]
Kingdom of Greece: Grand Cross of the Redeemer
Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Annunciation, 6 June 1870[23]
Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Gold Lion of Nassau
Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class
Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword
Russian Empire:
Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III, 24 September 1865[24]| Ancestors of Frederick Francis II |
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