Finnair

Finnair Plc (Finnish: Finnair Oyj, Swedish: Finnair Abp)^[8] is the flag carrier^[9] and largest full-service legacy airline of Finland, with headquarters in Vantaa on the grounds of Helsinki Airport, its hub. Finnair and its subsidiaries dominate both domestic and international air travel in Finland. Its major shareholder is the government of Finland, which owns 55.9%^[10] of its shares. Finnair is a member of the Oneworld airline alliance.

Finnair

IATA ICAO Call sign AY FIN FINNAIR
Founded	1 November 1923; 101 years ago (1923-11-01) (as Aero O/Y)[1]
Hubs	Helsinki Airport
Frequent-flyer program	Finnair Plus
Alliance	Oneworld
Subsidiaries	FlyNordic (2003–2007) Finnair Facilities Management Finnair Cargo Finnair Aircraft Finance Finnair Travel Services Nordic Regional Airlines
Fleet size	80 (incl. Nordic Regional Airlines)[2]
Destinations	104[3]
Parent company	Finnair Group[4]
Traded as	Nasdaq Helsinki: FIA1S
Headquarters	Aviapolis, Vantaa, Finland[5]
Key people	Turkka Kuusisto (CEO)[6]
Revenue	EUR 817,3 million (2023)[7]
Operating income	EUR 26.7 million (2023)[7]
Net income	EUR 69.2 million (2023)[7]
Total assets	EUR 3,877 million (2019)[7]
Total equity	EUR 918.5 million (2019)[7]
Employees	5,230 (31 December 2022)[7]
Website	www.finnair.com

Finnair is the fifth oldest airline in continuous operation and is consistently listed as one of the safest in the world.^{[11][12][13][14]} The company's slogans are Designed for you and The Nordic Way.

History

Founding

In 1923, consul Bruno Lucander founded Finnair as Aero O/Y (Aero Ltd). The company code, "AY", stands for Aero Osake-yhtiö ("yhtiö" means "company" in Finnish). Lucander had previously run the Finnish operations of the Estonian airline Aeronaut. In mid-1923, he concluded an agreement with Junkers Flugzeugwerke AG to provide aircraft and technical support in exchange for a 50% ownership in the new airline. The charter establishing the company was signed in Helsinki on 12 September 1923, and the company was entered into the trade register on 11 December 1923. The first flight was on 20 March 1924, from Helsinki to Tallinn, Estonia, on a Junkers F.13 aircraft equipped with floats. The seaplane service ended in 1936 following the construction of the first aerodromes in Finland.^[15]

World War II

Air raids on Helsinki and other Finnish cities made World War II a difficult period for the airline. Half of the fleet was requisitioned by the Finnish Air Force and it was estimated that, during the Winter War in 1939 and 1940, half of the airline's passengers from other Finnish cities were children being evacuated to Sweden.

Immediate postwar period

The Finnish government wanted longer routes, so it acquired a majority stake in the company in 1946 and re-established services to Europe in November 1947, initially using the Douglas DC-3. In 1953, the airline began branding itself as Finnair. The Convair 440 twin-engined pressurised airliner was acquired from January 1953, and these faster aircraft were operated on the company's longer routes as far as London.

Jet Age (1960s and 1970s)

Finnair Sud SE-210 Caravelle 10B3 Super B in 1976

In 1961, Finnair joined the jet age by adding Rolls-Royce Avon-engined Caravelles to its fleet. These were later exchanged with the manufacturer for Pratt & Whitney JT8D-engined Super Caravelles. In 1962, Finnair acquired a 27% controlling interest in a private Finnish airline, Kar-Air. Finnair Oy became the company's official name on 25 June 1968. In 1969, it took possession of its first U.S. made jet, a Douglas DC-8. The first transatlantic service to New York was inaugurated on 15 May 1969.^{[citation needed]} In the 1960s, Finnair's head office was in Helsinki.^[16]

Gunnar Korhonen, CEO of Finnair from 1960 to 1987

Finnair received its first wide-body aircraft in 1975, two DC-10-30 planes. The first of these arrived on 4 February 1975 and entered service on 14 February 1975, flying between Helsinki and New York, later between Helsinki and Las Palmas.

Finnair created Finnaviation was established in 1979. It was formed from the reorganization of Wihuri OY Finnwings (which had started services in 1950 as Lentohuolto OY) and its merging with Nordair OY. Scheduled domestic services began in October 1979. In the early 1980s Finnair held a 60% shareholding.^[17] Finnaviation was eventually completely merged into Finnair.^[18][19]

Expansion (1980s)

Finnair Convair 440 in 1980

In 1981, Finnair opened routes to Seattle and Los Angeles. Finnair became the first operator to fly non-stop from Western Europe to Japan, operating Helsinki–Tokyo flights with a modified McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30ER in April 1983.^[15] Until then, flights had to go via Moscow (Aeroflot, SAS, BA) or Anchorage (most carriers)^[20] due to Soviet airspace restrictions, but Finnair circumvented these by flying directly north from Helsinki, over the North Pole and back south through the Bering Strait, avoiding Soviet airspace.^[21] However, Finnair did not have to make a roundabout because of the Soviet regulation on this route, but the Japanese authorities demanded it (as JAL requested strongly).^[22] The aircraft was fitted with extra fuel tanks, taking 13 hours for the trip.^[15] The routes through Soviet airspace and with a stopover in Moscow also took 13 hours, but flights with a stopover in Anchorage took up to 16 hours, giving Finnair a competitive edge. In the spring of 1986, Soviet regulators finally cleared the way for Air France and Japan Airlines to fly nonstop Paris-Tokyo services over Soviet airspace, putting Finnair at a disadvantage.^[23]

Finnair launched a Helsinki-Beijing route in 1988, making Finnair the first Western European carrier to fly non-stop between Europe and China.^[24] In 1989, Finnair became the launch customer for the McDonnell Douglas MD-11, the first of which was delivered on 7 December 1990. The first revenue service with the MD-11 took place on 20 December 1990, with OH-LGA^[discuss] operating a flight from Helsinki to Tenerife in the Canary Islands.^[25]

Subsidiary airlines (1990s–2000s)

Finnair's Boeing 757-200 in the appearance of the 1990s

Finnair McDonnell Douglas MD-87 in 1991

Finnair Airbus A300 in 1995

Aero Douglas DC-3 from the early 1940s, restored to original livery in Oulu (2014)

In 1997, the subsidiaries Kar-Air and Finnaviation became wholly owned by Finnair and were integrated into the mainline operations. On 25 September 1997, the company's official name was changed to Finnair Oyj.

In 1999, Finnair joined the Oneworld airline alliance. In 2001, Finnair reused the name "Aero" when establishing Aero Airlines, a subsidiary airline based in Tallinn, Estonia.

In 2003, Finnair acquired ownership of the Swedish low-cost airline, FlyNordic, which operated mainly within Scandinavia. In 2007, Finnair sold all its shares in FlyNordic to Norwegian Air Shuttle. As part of the transaction, Finnair acquired 4.8% of the latter company, becoming its third largest shareholder. Finnair later sold their shares in 2013.^[26]

On 8 March 2007, Finnair became the first airline to order the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft, placing an order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB (plus 8 options), with delivery started in 2015.^[27]

Labour disputes and restructuring (2006–present)

Finnair has suffered from many labour disputes in this period,^[when?] resulting from cost-cutting measures prompted by competition from budget airlines.^{[28][29][30][31][32]}

On 1 December 2011, Finnair transferred its baggage and apron services to Swissport International as per a five-year agreement signed on 7 November 2011.^[33]

As of 2022, it transported about 2.9 million passengers,^[34] a substantial decrease from 2019 as COVID-19 pandemic shut down airports and airlines due to travel restrictions. At the end of 2022, the airline employed 5,325 people on average. From 2022 onwards, the Russian airspace closure resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine has forced Finnair to suspend some services to Asia.^[35]

In March 2023, Finnair announced it would terminate domestic flights from both Tampere and Turku to Helsinki in favor of coach service due to low demand and the short distance.^[36]

Corporate affairs

Business trends

The key trends for Finnair are shown below (for each year ending 31 December):^[37]

	Revenue (€ m)	Profit before tax (EBT) (€ m)	Number of employees[a]	Number of passengers (m)	Passenger load factor (%)	Number of aircraft[b]	Notes/ sources
2009	1,838	−125	8,797	7.4	75.9	68	[38]
2010	2,023	−33	7,578	7.1	76.5	63	[39]
2011	2,257	−111	7,467	8.0	73.3	65	[40]
2012	2,449	16.5	6,784	8.8	77.6	60	[41]
2013	2,400	11.9	5,859	9.2	79.5	70	[42]
2014	2,284	−36.5	5,172	9.6	80.2	67	[43]
2015	2,254	23.7	4,906	10.3	80.4	72	[44]
2016	2,316	55.2	5,045	10.8	79.8	73	[45]
2017	2,568	170	5,852	11.9	83.3	79	[2]
2018	2,834	218	6,360	13.2	81.8	81	[7]
2019	3,097	93.0	6,788	14.6	81.7	83	[46]
2020	829	−523	6,573	3.5	63.0	83	[c][47]
2021	838	−582	5,614	2.9	42.8	84	[48]
2022	2,357	−371	5,336	9.1	62.4	80	[49]
2023	2,988	119	5,195	11.0	76.4	79	[50]
on average on year end 2020: Activities and income in 2020 were severely reduced by the impact of the coronavirus pandemic.

Ownership and structure

The group's parent company is Finnair Plc, which is listed on the Nasdaq Helsinki Stock Exchange and domiciled in Helsinki at the registered address Tietotie 9, Vantaa.^[45] The State of Finland is the major shareholder (55.8%),^[10][51] with no other shareholder owning more than 5% of shares.^[45]

Subsidiaries and associates

The Finnair Cargo building

Finnair Cargo

Two subsidiary companies, Finnair Cargo Oy and Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations Oy, form Finnair's cargo business.^[52] The offices of both companies are at Helsinki Airport.^[53][54] Finnair Cargo uses Finnair's fleet on its cargo operations.

Finnair Cargo has three hubs:

• Helsinki Airport: Helsinki Airport is the main hub of Finnair Cargo. There is a new freight terminal at the airport, opened in the first half of 2017.
• Brussels Airport: Finnair Cargo has used Brussels Airport as a secondary hub for freight operations. Now the cargo airline operates its flights from BRU in co-operation with DHL Aviation (EAT Leipzig).
• London Heathrow Airport: Heathrow Airport is the most recent hub addition to Finnair Cargo's route network. In cooperation with IAG Cargo, Finnair operates to LHR daily with Airbus A350 to carry extra freight.

An ATR 72-500 in the N°RRA livery

Nordic Regional Airlines

Nordic Regional Airlines (Norra) is 40% owned by Finnair. The airline uses a fleet of ATR 72-500 aircraft, leased from Finnair, and Embraer 190 aircraft, both painted in Finnair livery. The airline began operations on 20 October 2011 as a joint venture between Flybe and Finnair. The airline has operated under Finnair's flight code since 1 May 2015.

Head office

Finnair's head office, House of Travel and Transportation

In 2013, Finnair opened its new head office, known as House of Travel and Transportation (or "HOTT"), on what used to be a car park right next to its previous head office located in Tietotie 11, on the grounds of Helsinki Airport. The construction of HOTT began in July 2011 and finished on time in June 2013. The previous head office had been in use since 1994, then replacing a head office located in Helsinki city centre.^[55][56] The last Helsinki head office, which had Aarne Ehojoki [fi] as its designer, opened in 1972; in 2016 it was being converted into a warehouse.^[57]

The new mixed-use head office has a total floor space of 70,000 square metres (750,000 sq ft) and 22,400 square metres (241,000 sq ft) of office space.^[58]

Corporate design

A Finnair A319-100 in retro livery

Livery

The company revealed a new livery in December 2010. Major changes include a restyled and larger lettering on the aircraft body, repainting of the engines in white, and a reversal of the color scheme for the tail fin favoring a white background with a blue stylized logo. The outline of the globe was also removed from the tail fin.^[59]

Flight attendant uniforms

The current uniform was designed by Ritva-Liisa Pohjalainen and launched in December 2011.^[9] Finnair has codes to indicate the rank of crew members: One stripe in the sleeve (or epaulettes in the case of male crew wearing vests) for normal Cabin Crew, two stripes for Senior Cabin Crew (only for outsourced Spanish crew) acting as a Purser, and three stripes for a Purser/Chief Purser. Additionally, some female Pursers have a white vertical stripe on their dresses or blouses indicating their years of service. Finnair requires its cabin crew to wear gloves during take-off and landing for safety reasons. Finnair's previous cabin crew uniform was named the fifth most stylish uniform by the French magazine Bon Voyage.^[60]

Partnerships

Finnair has several partnerships with following companies and airlines including Alaska Airlines, American Airlines, British Airways, Deutsche Bahn (DB), Chinese JD.com, Japan Airlines and Marimekko.

Destinations

Main article: List of Finnair destinations

Finnair flies from its Helsinki hub to over 80 destinations in over 35 countries in Asia, Europe and North America. Finnair also serves six destinations in the United States. Previously the airline has served Africa and South America, including countries such as Egypt, Colombia and Brazil, but primarily on a leisure basis. Finnair has over 10 domestic destinations. Domestic flights are operated in co-operation with the airline's subsidiary Nordic Regional Airlines.

In 2021, Finnair opened five routes from Stockholm–Arlanda to Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi and Phuket in Thailand, as well as New York–JFK, Miami and Los Angeles in the United States. Those routes have been discontinued.

On 28 February 2022, Russia closed its airspace as a countermeasure to EU airspace closure. This meant many changes to Finnair's Asian services, as most of Finnair's flights between Europe and Asia had used the shortest, fastest, and most environmentally sound route over Russia.^[61] In response, on 9 March 2022, flight AY073 departed from Helsinki to Tokyo Narita via the North Pole. Back in 1983, Finnair was the first airline to fly non-stop from Europe to Japan by flying over the North Pole – so operating in the polar region is not new to Finnair.^[62]

Finnair announced a new route to Dallas/Fort Worth in 2022. Finnair also reintroduced flights to Seattle/Tacoma in 2022.

Codeshare agreements

Finnair codeshares with the following airlines:^[63]

• Air China
• Air France
• Air Serbia^[64]
• Alaska Airlines
• American Airlines^[65]
• Bangkok Airways
• British Airways
• Cathay Pacific
• China Southern Airlines^[66]
• Fiji Airways^[67]
• Iberia
• Icelandair
• Japan Airlines
• Jetstar^[68]
• Jetstar Asia
• Juneyao Air^[69]
• LATAM Brasil^[70]
• LATAM Chile^[70]
• Level^[71]
• Malaysia Airlines
• Qantas
• Qatar Airways
• SriLankan Airlines
• TAP Air Portugal^[72]
• Turkish Airlines^[73]
• Vietnam Airlines
• Widerøe^[74]

Joint ventures

In addition to the above codeshares, Finnair has joint venture agreements with the following airlines:

• American Airlines^[75]
• British Airways^[75]
• Iberia^[75]
• Japan Airlines^[76]
• Juneyao Air^[77]

Fleet

Current fleet

As of June 2024^[update], Finnair operates the following aircraft:^[78][79]

Finnair fleet

Aircraft	In service	Orders	Passengers					Notes
			B	Y+	Y	Total	Refs
Airbus A319-100	6[80]	—	14	—	130	144
Airbus A320-200	10	—	14	—	160	174	[81]
Airbus A321-200	15	—	16	—	193	209	[82]
Airbus A330-300	1	—	45	40	178	263	[83]	OH-LTN
	7		28	21	230	279	[84]	Refurbished with new Business and Premium Economy cabins.
Airbus A350-900	9	2[79]	43	24	211	278	[84]	Refurbished with new Business and Premium Economy cabins.
	8		30	26	265	321	[84]	Refurbished with new Business and Premium Economy cabins.
ATR 72-500	12	—	—	—	68	68	[85]	All leased to Nordic Regional Airlines.[86]
					72	72	[87]
Embraer E190	12	—	12	—	88	100	[88]	Operated by Nordic Regional Airlines.
Total	80	2

Gallery

• Finnair current fleet
• 
  Airbus A319-100
• 
  Airbus A320-200
• 
  Airbus A321-200
• 
  Airbus A330-300
• 
  Airbus A350-900
• 
  Embraer 190 operated by Nordic Regional Airlines
• 
  ATR 72-500

Aircraft types

Narrow-body aircraft

Finnair received its first narrow-body aircraft manufactured by Airbus, the Airbus A321, on 28 January 1999. Now the airline operates a fleet of up to 19 A321s. The first Airbus A319 aircraft was delivered to Finnair on 20 September 1999. Since then, Finnair has received 11 A319s, but three of them are now retired. Finnair utilizes Airbus A319, A320, and A321 aircraft on domestic and European flights. The Airbus A321-231, which are equipped with Sharklets, is also used on some long-haul flights such as to Dubai. ATR 72-500 and Embraer 190 are operated by Nordic Regional Airlines and are also used on domestic and European flights.

Airbus A330

Finnair received its first Airbus A330-300s on 27 March 2009.^[89] Now the airline has eight of them in its fleet. As of July 2023, the airline utilizes the A330 on intercontinental flights from Helsinki to Delhi, Mumbai, New York, Chicago, Seattle and Doha. The A330s are powered by General Electric CF6-80E1 engines.^[89] The aircraft are also being used on European services to Brussels and Amsterdam.

Airbus A350

On 8 March 2007, Finnair firmed up its orders for 11 Airbus A350 aircraft with 8 options. On 3 December 2014, it was announced that Finnair had firmed up the contract for eight additional Airbus A350 aircraft deliveries starting in 2018.^[27] On 13 August 2014, Finnair announced plans to initially deploy its A350 aircraft on services to Bangkok, Beijing and Shanghai from 2015, with A350 services to Hong Kong and Singapore to be added in 2016. As of April 2019, Finnair operates the Airbus A350 to Bangkok, Beijing, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Ho Chi Minh City, Krabi, Los Angeles, Nagoya, Osaka, Phuket, Puerto Vallarta, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore and Tokyo. Finnair also operated A350 aircraft on several flights to New York in January 2016 and became the first European airline to operate the A350 to the United States.^[90] Finnair sometimes uses the A350 on the morning AY1331 flight from Helsinki to London–Heathrow to carry extra freight as well. Also, AY121/122 operating to New Delhi is also being served by the A350 as of 1 Nov 2022.

Finnair took delivery of its first A350 aircraft on 7 October 2015, becoming the third airline to operate the aircraft, after Qatar Airways and Vietnam Airlines.^[91] According to the current delivery schedule, it will receive two A350 aircraft per year in 2019, 2020, and 2021, and one in 2022. Altogether, Finnair had 19 A350 aircraft in 2022.

Fleet development

Upcoming narrow-body fleet renewal

Due to an aging narrow-body fleet, Finnair plans to retire the Airbus A320 family and replace them with new generation aircraft. The airline estimates to invest up to €4 billion in fleet renewal between 2020 and 2025. Revealed at its Capital Markets Day on November 12, 2019, Finnair plans to grow the size of its fleet from the current 83 (as of November 2019) to approximately 100 by 2025, of which 70% is planned to be narrow-body aircraft and 30% wide-body aircraft. One-third of the total investment sum would be used for growth, while two-thirds would be to replace the current fleet.^[92] According to Bloomberg, Finnair will replace the old aircraft with either Airbus A320neo family or Boeing 737 MAX new-generation aircraft.^[93] The carrier has also revealed that it is looking for suitable narrow-body aircraft for long-haul use.^[94]

On 18 December 2015, Finnair decided to improve the space efficiency of its current Airbus narrow-body fleet due to a growing need for feeder traffic capacity. The value of the investment is approximately EUR 40 million, and it includes 22 narrow-body Airbus aircraft in Finnair's fleet. The cabin layout change excludes five A321 aircraft, which are already configured according to the plan, having 209 seats. The cabin reconfiguration was estimated to take two weeks per aircraft during 2017. The reconfiguration adds 6 to 13 seats depending on the aircraft type, increasing the passenger capacity of Finnair's Airbus narrow-body fleet as measured by available seat kilometers by close to 4 percent.^[95] Finnair also planned to increase its narrow-body fleet. As a first step, Finnair leased eight Airbus A321 narrow-body aircraft from BOC Aviation.

Finnair has occasionally suffered from aircraft shortages and therefore has resorted to leased and wet-leased aircraft. For instance, in March 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321 aircraft from Air Berlin for Finnair's European operations. These two aircraft were delivered in late April 2016 to Finnair. The airline used these A321s on flights from Helsinki to Amsterdam, Berlin, Copenhagen, Dubrovnik, Düsseldorf, Ljubljana, Paris, Split, Vienna, and Zürich.^[96] On 15 December 2016, Finnair announced it would lease two Airbus A321s from CDB Aviation Lease Finance. The first aircraft was scheduled for delivery to Finnair for the 2017/2018 winter season and the second for the 2018 summer season. Seven of the ordered aircraft were delivered in 2017.^[97]

The Finnair-branded short-haul network also includes 24 regional aircraft operated by Nordic Regional Airlines (12 ATR 72 and 12 E-190).

Recent wide-body fleet renewal

Finnair announced the order for 11 Airbus A350 XWB aircraft and 8 options on 8 March 2007. Finnair planned to retire older Airbus A340 aircraft by the end of 2017 and replace them with brand new A350 aircraft. As of 1 February 2017, all Airbus A340 aircraft are withdrawn from the fleet. The very last A340 (OH-LQE) operated its last flight from Tokyo to Helsinki on 1 February 2017. Finnair firmed up orders for eight additional A350 aircraft on 3 December 2014. The first A350 was delivered to Finnair in October 2015 and the airline became the first European operator of the Airbus A350.

As of November 2019, Finnair had 14 A350-900s, with a further 5 to be delivered between 2020 and 2022. The Finnish flag carrier also has considered switching some of the orders for the Airbus A350-900 to the Airbus A350-1000 aircraft but decided to keep the orders for only the A350-900. At the beginning of 2017, Finnair revealed plans to add more seats to some of the Airbus A350 aircraft in order to increase capacity by up to 13%. The new seat configuration has 32 seats in Business Class, 42 seats in Economy Comfort Class, and 262 in Economy Class, a total of 336 seats. This second seat configuration was initially planned to be used on routes with less business class demand such as Bangkok, Beijing, and Seoul, as well as on routes to leisure destinations but they have also been utilized on other busy routes such as Shanghai, Osaka, and Tokyo.^[98]

Finnair has modified its previous fleet plan to retire two of Airbus A330 aircraft, which was established in 2014. The 2016 fleet plan now involves keeping its A330 fleet as its A350s are delivered, rather than withdrawing two of them in 2017, and shall retire those aircraft in the 2020s at the earliest. The airline's plan to retire two A330s was not the only change that was planned. Under the previous plan, the long-haul fleet was to grow by one per year, from 15 in 2015 to 20 in 2020. Under the 2016 plan, it was planned to grow to 22 in 2020, and to 26 in 2023. However, should market conditions be weaker than expected, Finnair has the flexibility to return the wide-body fleet to a total of 15 aircraft in 2019 and to maintain it at this level through to 2023. Some of the new A350 aircraft will increase the number of aircraft operated by Finnair.

Special liveries

Finnair Airbus A330-300 (OH-LTO) in Marimekko 50th Anniversary "Unikko"-livery

Finnair's current special liveries are Marimekko "Kivet", Marimekko 50th anniversary "Unikko", Oneworld liveries, and the Christmas special "Reindeer" liveries. Past Finnair special liveries include "Marimekko Unikko", "Moomins", "Santa Claus", 1950s retro livery and Angry Birds.

Registration	Livery	Aircraft	Source
OH-LTO	Marimekko 50th Anniversary "Unikko" livery	Airbus A330-300	[citation needed]
OH-LVD	Oneworld livery	Airbus A319-100	[citation needed]
OH-LKN		Embraer E190	[citation needed]
OH-LWB		Airbus A350-900	[citation needed]
OH-LWL	Marimekko Kivet-livery		[99]
OH-LWP	Moomin-livery	Airbus A350-900	[citation needed]

Historical fleet

Finnair has previously operated the following equipment:^[100][101]

Aircraft	Total	Introduced	Retired	Notes
ATR 42-300	6	1986	1990
ATR 72-200	9	1995	2005	Transferred to Aero Airlines
Airbus A300B4-200FF	2	1990	1998
Airbus A340-300	7	2006	2017	Last commercial service was on 1 February 2017[102][103] Replaced by Airbus A350-900. One was in Angry Birds livery.
Boeing 737-200	3	1989	1993
Boeing 757-200	7	1997	2014	Replaced by Airbus A321-200
Convair CV-340	4	1953	1980
Convair CV-440	5	1956	1980
de Havilland Dragon Rapide	2	1937	1939
Douglas C-47 Skytrain	10	1947	1969
Douglas DC-2	2	1941	1949
Douglas DC-8-62	1	1975	1984
Douglas DC-8-62CF	3	1969	1981	One of the aircraft, after changing hands several times, is now the flagship aircraft of the international disaster relief organization Samaritan's Purse.
Embraer E170	10	2005	2012
Fokker F27 Friendship	3	1980	1988
Junkers F.13	7	1926	1939
Junkers G 24	1	1926	1935
Junkers Ju 52/3m	6	1932	1945
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-14	6	1971	1985
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-15	3	1976	1988
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-41	6	1981	1996
McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51	12	1976	2003
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30	4	1975	1996
McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30ER	1	1981	1995
McDonnell Douglas MD-11	5	1990	2010	Launch Customer Replaced by Airbus A340-300. One was in Moomin livery.
McDonnell Douglas MD-11F	2	2010	2011	Transferred to Nordic Global Airlines
McDonnell Douglas MD-82	10	1983	2006
McDonnell Douglas MD-83	13	1985	2006
McDonnell Douglas MD-87	3	1987	2000
Saab 340	5	1996	2000
Sud Aviation Caravelle III	4	1960	1965
Sud Aviation Caravelle 10B Super Caravelle	10	1964	1984

Historic subsidiary fleet

In the early 1980s the fleet of the Finnaviation subsidiary consisted of: an Aero Commander 690, a Beech 95-A55 Baron, Cessna F150J (2), a Cessna 401B, a Cessna F172M, a Cessna 401A, Cessna 404 Titan (2), a Cessna 441 Conquest, a Cessna 402B, a Cessna 425 Corsair, a Cessna F172P, Cessna F152 (2), Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante (3), a Dassault Falcon 200, a Piper PA-28-140 Cherokee, a Piper PA-32-300 Cherokee Six and a Cessna T188C Husky.^[17]

Gallery

• 
  Airbus A340-300 in Oneworld livery
• 
  Boeing 757-200
• 
  McDonnell Douglas DC-10
• 
  McDonnell Douglas MD-11
• 
  McDonnell Douglas MD-82

Finnair Plus

Cabins

Finnair Airbus A350-900 Economy Class

Business class

Finnair Airbus A350 Business Class

Business class is offered on the entire Airbus-fleet. On long-haul aircraft, the seats are equipped with personal in-flight entertainment. Zodiac Cirrus III seats are fitted in business class on all wide-body aircraft. Each seat has direct aisle access and reclines to a 78-inch full flat bed. In February 2022, Finnair unveiled new long-haul business class seats, alongside the debut of a premium economy cabin. The seats are based on the Collins Aerospace's Aerospace AirLounge. The seats are enclosed in a shell with no recline capabilities. According to the airline, this allows passengers to choose a wide variety of sitting and sleeping positions.^{[citation needed]}

Premium Economy class

Premium economy, Finnair's newest class of service, was introduced in February 2022. It is currently rolled out on the Airbus A330s and A350s. The seats are based on the Vector Premium by HAECO.^{[citation needed]}

In-flight magazine

Finnair's English-language in-flight magazine, Blue Wings, was published 10 times a year. The first edition of Blue Wings magazine was published in 1980.^[104] It was discontinued in 2020 and is now available online in Finnish and English. Domestic and international newspapers are available online on Finnair Nordic Sky portal during flights. As of 2023, Blue Wings has been reintroduced in physical form for Finnair's centenary year and the years to come.^[104]

Environmental efforts

In December 2018, Finnair flights out of SFO began being supplied with sustainable aviation fuel as part of a project involving SFO, Shell, and SkyNRG.^[105][106]

Incidents and accidents

Main article: List of accidents of Aero O/Y

• On 16 November 1927, a Junkers F.13 disappeared en route from Tallinn to Helsinki. The pilot and his two passengers were never found.
• On 10 November 1937, a Junkers Ju 52 en route from Turku to Stockholm suffered the detachment of the nose-engine whilst over the sea. The pilots managed to successfully land the aircraft with no fatalities. A broken propeller blade resulted in a severe imbalance that tore the engine off.
• On 14 June 1940, Ju 52 aircraft Kaleva operating as Flight 1631, was shot down by the Soviet Air Force over the Gulf of Finland, apparently as a prelude to the Occupation of Estonia. All nine people on board died.
• On 7 June 1941, a Ju 52 aircraft equipped with floats was forced to make an emergency landing after losing power on all three engines due to fuel impurity. Although the aircraft was recovered and returned to service, the two occupants of the aircraft drowned while attempting to swim to safety.
• On 31 October 1945, a Ju 52 suffered a CFIT on approach to Hyvinkää. Radio signals were distorted by high-tension wires and the pilots let the plane descend too low. All 14 people on board survived, but the aircraft was written off.
• On 3 January 1961, Flight 311 from Kronoby to Vaasa flown by a Douglas DC-3 stalled on final approach and crashed, killing all 25 people on board. The two pilots were both intoxicated by alcohol and sleep deprived. This remains Finland's worst aviation accident.
• On 8 November 1963, Flight 217 from Helsinki to Mariehamn via Turku flown by a DC-3 crashed into terrain on final approach to Mariehamn. The sole flight attendant and two passengers were the only survivors of the crash. The cause was believed to have been poor visibility and a malfunctioning altimeter that tricked the pilots into believing they were higher than they really were. 20 passengers and two crew were killed. To date, this is Finnair's last fatal accident.
• On 30 September 1978, Flight 405 from Oulu to Helsinki flown by Sud Aviation Caravelle was hijacked by Aarno Lamminparras armed with a pistol (Finland did not perform security checks on domestic flights), who held the 48 other passengers and crew hostage. The plane continued to Helsinki, where 34 of the 44 passengers were released before returning to Oulu where the hijacker received a large ransom from Finnair. The plane then returned to Helsinki for another ransom from a Finnish newspaper before flying to Amsterdam and then back to Helsinki before returning to Oulu. The hijacker released the last hostages and departed the plane before being arrested on October 1 at his home.
• On 23 December 1987, Flight 915 from Tokyo to Helsinki was allegedly shot at by a missile whilst over Svalbard. The missile allegedly exploded in the air before striking the DC-10. The events were not revealed until 2014.^[107]

References

1. "The history of Finnair". company.finnair.com. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
2. "Financial Report 2017" (PDF). Retrieved 16 February 2018.
3. "Finnair on ch-aviation.com". ch-aviation.com. Retrieved 21 November 2023.
4. "Finnair". Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
5. "Airline Membership". IATA. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015.
6. Jacobsen, Stine (11 January 2024). "Finnair picks Turkka Kuusisto as new CEO". www.reuters.com. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
7. "Financial Report 2019" (PDF). Retrieved 7 February 2020.
8. "Articles of Association". Finnair. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
9. Hofmann, Kurt (18 January 2017). "Finnair denies interest in A350-1000; expands long-haul network". Air Transport World. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. The Finland flag carrier is the A350 launch customer with 19 of the type on order, all scheduled for delivery by the end of 2023.
10. "Shareholders". investors.finnair.com. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
11. "Finnair is the Safest Airline in the World". Finland Today. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
12. "Data shows Finnair was world's safest airline in 2018". Helsinki Times. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
13. "Finnair one of the world's safest airlines". Good News from Finland. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
14. "Sorglos reisen: Das ist die sicherste Fluglinie der Welt". FAZ.NET (in German). ISSN 0174-4909. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
15. "World Airline Directory". Flight International. 2 April 1983. p. 904. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
16. "World Airline Directory." Flight International. 2 April 1964. 511.
17. Endres, Gunter G (1982). World Airline Fleets 1983. Feltham: The Aviation Data Centre. p. 383. ISBN 0946141029.
18. "Finnair tvingas hårdbanta", Dagens Nyheter 1993-03-03.
19. "Home | Finnair". company.finnair.com. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
20. Flying over not so friendly countries [Archive] – PPRuNe Forums. Pprune.org (1967-11-04). Retrieved on 2010-11-03.
21. 1986 | 2900 | Flight Archive. Flightglobal.com (1986-10-25). Retrieved on 2010-11-03.
22. "1986 | 2900 | Flight Archive". www.flightglobal.com. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
23. 1986 | 0806 | Flight Archive. Flightglobal.com (1986-04-05). Retrieved on 2010-11-03.
24. "Finnair". Finnish Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
25. "Finnair's Last MD-11 Passenger Flight". Airline world. 23 February 2010. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
26. Victoria Moores (23 April 2013). "Finnair sells its stake in Norwegian Air Shuttle for â'Ź53 million | Data & Financials content from". ATWOnline. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
27. "Finnair firms up orders for eight additional A350 aircraft" (published 3 December 2014). 5 March 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
28. "Strike at Finnair over restructuring is settled by conciliation". EIROnline, European industrial relations observatory on-line. 21 December 2006. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
29. "Restructuring dispute at Finnair continues". EIROnline, European industrial relations observatory on-line. 22 December 2008. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
30. "Impartiality of national conciliator in Finnair dispute questioned". EIROnline, European industrial relations observatory on-line. 14 April 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
31. "Former national conciliator called to resolve airport outsourcing dispute". EIROnline, European industrial relations observatory on-line. 17 February 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
32. "Finnair strike injunction criticised by unions and legal experts". EIROnline, European industrial relations observatory on-line. 25 July 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2013.
33. "Finnair transfers baggage and apron services to Swissport at Helsinki Airport". Ground Handling Information. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
34. Finnair Group. Financial statements release
35. Interview: How Finnair Circumvents Russia’s Airspace Closure
36. aerotelegraph.com - "Short routes: Finnair replaces planes with busses" (German) 5 April 2023
37. "Reports and presentations". investors.finnair.com. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
38. "Financial Report 2009" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 July 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
39. "Financial Report 2010" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
40. "Financial Report 2011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
41. "Financial Report 2012" (PDF). Retrieved 8 February 2013.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
42. "Financial Report 2013" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
43. "Financial Report 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
44. "Financial Report 2015" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
45. "Financial Report 2016" (PDF). Retrieved 15 February 2017.
46. "Financial Report 2019" (PDF). Retrieved 7 February 2020.
47. "Annual Report 2020" (PDF). 17 February 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
48. "Financial Statements 2021" (PDF). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
49. "Financial Statements 2022" (PDF). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
50. "Financial Statements 2023" (PDF). Retrieved 20 September 2024.
51. "Directory: World Airlines". Flight International. 3 April 2007. p. 81.
52. "Company Info Archived 2018-05-05 at the Wayback Machine." Finnair Cargo. Retrieved on 13 September 2011.
53. "Contact Info Archived 2018-05-05 at the Wayback Machine." Finnair Cargo. Retrieved on 13 September 2011. "ADDRESS Finnair Cargo Oy Rahtitie 1, 01530 Vantaa"
54. "Head Office Archived 2018-05-05 at the Wayback Machine." Finnair Cargo. Retrieved on 13 September 2011. "HEAD OFFICE CONTACTS Finnair Cargo / Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations head office: Finnair Cargo Oy / Finnair Cargo Terminal Operations Oy Rahtitie 1 FIN-01530 Vantaa FINLAND"
55. "1994 Archived 2011-07-11 at the Wayback Machine." Finnair Group. Retrieved on 14 February 2010. "Finnair's head office moved from the centre of Helsinki to Helsinki-Vantaa Airport. The official 'house-warming' at Tietotie 11 was held on 11 January."
56. "Finnair likes it HOTT | Finnair blog". Blogs.finnair.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
57. Hämäläinen, Jukka (4 October 2016). "Finnairin ex- pääkonttori Manskulla muuttuu varastokopeiksi". Helsingin Uutiset (in Finnish). Retrieved 11 May 2024.
58. "Finnish pension fund to develop Finnair headquarters Archived 2015-04-07 at the Wayback Machine." Property Investor Europe. 6 July 2011. Retrieved on 13 September 2011.
59. Archived April 3, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
60. (in Finnish) Miehistö Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine. Finnair. Retrieved on 2010-11-03.
61. "Avoiding Russian airspace: From a shortcut to a detour". Finnair. 6 March 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
62. "Flying over the North Pole: Well-planned is half done". Finnair. 17 March 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
63. "Profile on Finnair". CAPA. Centre for Aviation. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
64. "Finnair and Air Serbia establish a new codeshare partnership". Finnair. 28 October 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
65. Liu, Jim (29 November 2018). "Finnair adds American Airlines codeshare routes via Los Angeles in S19". Routesonline. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
66. Finnair and China Southern launch codeshare cooperation that brings five new destinations for Finnair customers in China company.finnair.com 21 May 2019. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
67. "Finnair starts codeshare cooperation with Fiji Airways, extending its network in the South Pacific". Finnair. 11 October 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
68. Finnair / Qantas Group expands codeshare partnership from late-March 2019 Routesonline.com 12 March 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
69. Finnair starts codeshare cooperation with Juneyao Air, extending its network in China Company.finnair.com 16 May 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019
70. Liu, Jim (4 September 2019). "Finnair / LATAM begins codeshare service from Oct 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
71. "Finnair Begins LEVEL Codeshare from April 2023".
72. "Finnair / TAP Air Portugal Expands Codeshare Service in NW24".
73. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/economy/turkish-finnish-flag-carriers-sign-codeshare-deal/2372977
74. Finnair extends its network in Norway by deepening cooperation with Widerøe company.finnair.com 2020-06-27. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
75. Four Great Airlines Working Together For You finnair.com. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
76. Together To Japan finnair.com. Retrieved 2018-05-15.
77. Finnair and Juneyao Air enter into a joint business partnership on the Helsinki-Shanghai route and beyond news.cision.com 2021-06-23. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
78. "Global Airline Guide 2019 (Part One)". Airliner World. November 2019: 14.
79. "Orders & deliveries". Airbus. Airbus SAS. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
80. Finnair fleet finnair.com Retrieved 24 April 2024
81. Finnair fleet finnair.com Retrieved 22 March 2018
82. "Airbus A321-231 seat map" finnair.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018
83. "Airbus A330-300 seat map" finnair.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018
84. "Finnair debuts new business, premium economy class to Singapore in May" executivetraveller.com. Retrieved 5 May 2022
85. "ART 72-500 seat map" finnair.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018
86. "Finnair leases ATR to Flybe Nordic (now Nordic Regional Airlines)". Archived from the original on 25 July 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
87. "ART 72-500 seat map" finnair.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018
88. "Embraer 190 seat map" finnair.com. Retrieved 2 January 2018
89. Finnair receives first A330 airbus.com 27 March 2009. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
90. Drum, Bruce (21 September 2015). "Finnair to take delivery of its first Airbus A350-900 on October 7, will fly to Shanghai starting on November 21". World Airline News. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
91. "Finnair is taking a bold but calculated risk". www.helsinkitimes.fi. 7 October 2015. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
92. "FINNAIR TO ORDER NEW AIRCRAFT & LAUNCH PREMIUM ECONOMY". 12 November 2019. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
93. "Airbus to Swap Finnair's Zodiac Seats Amid A350 Quality Concerns". Bloomberg.com. 5 June 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
94. "Finnair etsii myös pidemmille matkoille sopivaa kapearunkokonetta". 3 June 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
95. Finnair adds seating capacity to its feeder fleet – news.cision.com
96. Finnair leases two Air Berlin A321s for one year – Lentoposti.fi (Finnish)
97. Finnair continues the implementation of its growth strategy and leases two further A321 aircraft Archived 2016-06-24 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 28 April 2016
98. Finnair outlines High-Density A350-900 operational routes routesonline.com 18 February 2017
99. "Finnair unveils A350 Marimekko Kivet livery". businesstraveller.com. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
100. Wegg, John (1983). Finnair. The Art of Flying since 1923. Finnair Oy. ISBN 951-99450-3-2.
101. "Aero OY/Finnair fleet". aerobernie.bplaced.net. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
102. "Viimeinen nelimoottorisen Airbus A340 -koneen lento Finnairin väreissä on ohi". lentoposti.fi. February 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
103. ch-aviation.com – Finnair confirms A340 phase-out plans; to retain A330s 27 May 2016
104. "Blue Wings magazine flies again on Finnair for Centenary Celebrations". World Airline News. 12 June 2023. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
105. "Shell starts supplying sustainable fuel at Californian airport | Biofuels International Magazine". Biofuels International. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
106. Bates, Joe. "Sustainable aviation fuel available at San Francisco International Airport - Airport World Magazine". www.airport-world.com. Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
107. "HS: Finnair pilots report dramatic missile near-miss almost 30 years on". YLE news. 7 September 2014. Retrieved 23 September 2014.

Sources

• Haapavaara, Heikki (1998). Aika lentää. Finnair 75 [Time flies. Finnair 75 years.] (in Finnish). Finnair. ISBN 951-98041-0-2.
• Mols, Jozef (2022). Finnair: A Century of Nordic Aviation. Airlines Series, Vol. 5. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. ISBN 9781802821949.
• Spaeth, Andreas (29 May 2023). "Finnair Soars Again After Adapting". Airline Ratings. Retrieved 4 June 2023.

External links

Media related to Finnair at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website
• Finnair Group official website
• Route map
• Finnair Facebook page
• Finnair YouTube channel
• History of Oy Aero Ab