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Feqiyê Teyran (born Mir Mehemed, Kurdish: فەقیێ تەیران, romanized: Feqiyê Teyran, 1590–1660)[1] was a Kurdish poet who wrote in Kurmanji.[2] He is best known for his work Zembîlfiroş,[3] and is also credited for writing the first literary account of the Battle of Dimdim which took place in 1609 and 1610.[4] He is considered a pioneer in Kurdish Sufi literature and one of the founders of the Kurdish literary tradition with Ali Hariri, Melayê Cizîrî, Mela Huseynê Bateyî and Ehmedê Xanî.[5]
The first written information about Teyran stems from Mahmud Bayazidi in the mid-19th century. He was born in the village of Verezuz/Verezor, in Miks, Hakkâri of the Ottoman Empire and graduated from a madrasa. During his studies, he travelled to Hizan, Finik, Heşete and also to Cizre of Bohtan where he could have studied under Melayê Cizîrî. Instead of becoming a mullah, he continued to work on poetry as a profession and would wander around like a dervish and read his poems to the assemblies and madrasas he visited. His father was named Abdullah and Teyran plausibly came from a family of beys since he used the title mir. He died in Miks, but his tombstone was only found in 2013 in the village of Şandis in Hizan.[1][5]
Poems of Teyran which have been described as 'colorful' have subsequently been used in Kurdish folk music.[6] He wrote in plain language, used folklore elements and drew attention to mysticism. Subjects included divine love, knowledge, wisdom, female beauty, nature and the waḥdat al-wujūd. His poems were written in prosody and he preferred quatrains over couplets.[5]
- Hikâyetâ Şeyh-i San’ân (1621)[5]
- Kısseyâ Bersîs[5]
- Kavlê Hespê Reş[5]
- Dilo Rabê (1631)[5]
- Cezerî (1640, written to Melayê Cizîrî)[5]
- Zembîlfiroş
- Bersîsê Âbid
- Beyta Dimdim
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