This is a list of earth deities. An Earth god or Earth goddess is a deification of the Earth associated with a figure with chthonic or terrestrial attributes. There are many different Earth goddesses and gods in many different cultures mythology. However, Earth is usually portrayed as a goddess. Earth goddesses are often associated with the chthonic deities of the underworld.[1]
Painting in Yuan dynasty of Goddess Dimǔ Niángniáng with attendant, in Taoism and Chinese folk religion at Yongle Palace Temple (永樂宮) of Ruicheng, Shanxi Province, China
Statue of syncretic Goddess Persephone - Isis with a sistrum, Heraklion Archaeological Museum, Heraklion, Crete
In Greek mythology, the Earth is personified as Gaia, corresponding to Roman Terra, Indic Prithvi, etc. traced to an "Earth Mother" complementary to the "Sky Father" in Proto-Indo-European religion. Egyptian mythology have the sky goddesses, Nut and Hathor, with the earth gods, Osiris and Geb. Ki and Ninhursag are Mesopotamian earth goddesses.
Akan mythology
- Asase Yaa, the goddess of the harsh earth, Truth and Mother of the Dead. An ancient religious figure worshipped by the indigenous Akan people of the Guinea Coast, Asase/Yaa is also known as Aberewa which is Akan for "Old Woman". Not only is she an Earth Goddess she also represents procreation, truth, love, fertility, peace, and the earth of the Akan.
- Asase Afua, the Goddess of the lush earth, fertility, love, procreation and farming
Bakongo religion
- Nzambici, the God of Essence, the Earth and Sky Mother, mother of all animals
Egyptian mythology
- Geb, god of the earth, vegetation, earthquakes, and snakes; "God of Earth and Land"
Igbo mythology
- Ala, alusi of the earth, morality, fertility, and creativity
Aztec mythology
- Tlaltecuhtli, the earth deity whose body created the world
- Tezcatlipoca, Aztec deity associated with the earth, the night sky, the night winds, hurricanes, the north, obsidian, enmity, discord, rulership, divination, temptation, jaguars, sorcery, beauty, war and strife.
Haudenosaunee mythology
- Atsi tsien ke:ion (pronunciation Ageejenguyuon) meaning Mature flower - Sky woman who fell from the sky and created North America on the back of a turtle.
- Hah-nu-nah, the turtle that bears the world.
Inuit mythology
- Alignak, in Inuit mythology, a lunar deity, but also god of earthquakes, as well as weather, water, tides, and eclipses
Lakota mythology
- Maka-akaŋ, the earth goddess
Anatolian mythology
- Cybele, mother goddess of the earth
Gondi mythology
- Bhivsen or Bhimal, god of the earth
- Bhum, goddess of the earth and mother of humanity
Hittite mythology
- Sarruma, god of the mountains
- Ubelluris, mountain god who bears the world in his shoulders
Sumerian mythology
- Ki, goddess of the earth
- Ninhursag, mother goddess of the earth, fertility, mountains, and rulers
- Šumugan, in Sumerian mythology, god of the river plains, given charge by the god Enki over the flat alluvial lands of southern Mesopotamia
- Nuska vizier of the chief Sumerian god Enlil but later associated with Nippur ("Enlil City") as the god of the earth
- Enten, Sumerian fertility deity identified with the abundance of the earth
- Enlil (𒀭𒂗𒆤), ancient Mesopotamian god associated with wind, air, earth, and storms
- Enki (𒂗𒆠), Sumerian god, literal translation "Lord of the Earth"
- Emesh, Sumerian god created at the wish of Enlil to take responsibility on earth for woods, fields, sheepfolds, and stables
Turkic and Mongolian mythology
Vietnamese
- Ông Địa, is the earth god who governs the land
- Ông Tà, the god who governs the fields and gardens
- Mẫu Địa
- Diêu Trì Địa Mẫu
- Bà Thổ
- Hậu Thổ
Celtic mythology
- Danu, ancient goddess of the earth
Etruscan mythology
- Cel, goddess of the earth
Finnish mythology
- Akka, goddess of the earth
Georgian mythology
- Mindort-batoni, god of the mountains
Germanic mythology
- Jörð, goddess of the earth
- Nerthus, earth goddess
- Skaði, goddess of the mountains and winter
- Sif, goddess of the earth
Greek mythology
- Demeter, goddess of the harvest, sacred law, and the earth
- Gaia, primordial goddess of the earth. She was one of the earliest elemental deities, having been created at the beginning of time. It was thought that all creation is descended from Gaia, the great mother of all things. According to Greek mythology, she was the creator of the universe and was responsible for the birth of both humanity and the first race of gods the Titans.
- Cronus, god of the harvest.
- Poseidon, one of the Twelve Olympians in ancient Greek religion and myth; god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses.
- Cybele
- Persephone
- Rhea
Slavic mythology
- Mat Zemlya, ancient goddess of the earth
- Mokosh, goddess of fertility, moisture, women, the earth, and death. One of the oldest and only goddess in the slavic religion, Old Kievan pantheon of AD 980 mentions Mokoš, which survives in East Slavic folk traditions. Known as a woman who in the evening spins flax and wool, shears sheep, and has a large head and long arms.
- Troglav, deity in Slavic mythology whose three heads were believed to represent sky, earth and the underworld.
- Veles, horned god of the underworld, water, the earth, wealth, and cattle
- Volos, Slavic god of earth, waters, and the underworld.
Hawaiian mythology
haumea, goddess of the Hawaiian Islands
Levantine mythology
- Amurru, Amorite deity, occasionally called "lord of the steppe" or "lord of the mountain" [8]
Beaulieu, Paul-Alain. "The God Amurru as Emblem of Ethnic and Cultural Identity". In: Ethnicity in Ancient Mesopotamia (W. van Soldt, R. Kalvelagen, and D. Katz, eds.) Papers Read at the 48th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Leiden, July 1–4, 2002. PIHANS 102. Nederlands: Instituut voor her Nabije Oosten, 2005. pp. 31-46.
