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Oxygenate gasoline additive in the production of gasoline from crude oil From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ethyl tertiary-butyl ether (ETBE), also known as ethyl tert-butyl ether, is commonly used as an oxygenate gasoline additive in the production of gasoline from crude oil. ETBE offers equal or greater air quality benefits than ethanol, while being technically and logistically less challenging. Unlike ethanol, ETBE does not induce evaporation of gasoline, which is one of the causes of smog, and does not absorb moisture from the atmosphere.
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Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
2-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane | |
Other names
Ethyl tert-butyl ether Ethyl tertiary butyl ether Ethyl tert-butyl oxide tert-Butyl ethyl ether Ethyl t-butyl ether | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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Abbreviations | ETBE |
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.282 |
EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C6H14O | |
Molar mass | 102.18 |
Appearance | Clear colorless liquid |
Density | 0.7364 g/cm3 |
Melting point | −94 °C (−137 °F; 179 K) |
Boiling point | 69 to 71 °C (156 to 160 °F; 342 to 344 K) |
1.2 g/100 g | |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Danger | |
H224, H225, H315, H319, H335, H336 | |
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501 | |
Flash point | −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ethyl tert-butyl ether is manufactured industrially by the acidic etherification of isobutylene with ethanol at a temperature of 30–110 °C and a pressure of 0,8–1,3 MPa. The reaction is carried out with an acidic ion-exchange resin as a catalyst.[2]
Suitable reactors are fixed-bed reactors such as tube bundle or circulation reactors in which the reflux can be cooled optionally.[2]
Ethanol, produced by fermentation and distillation, is more expensive than methanol, which is derived from natural gas. Therefore, MTBE, made from methanol is cheaper than ETBE, made from ethanol.