David Anderson may refer to:
In academia or science
- David Anderson (academic) (born 1952), American college professor
- David Anderson (engineer) (1880–1953), Scottish civil engineer and lawyer
- David Anderson, 2nd Viscount Waverley (1911–1990), British peer and physician
- David F. Anderson (born 1978), professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison
- David G. Anderson (born 1949), American archaeologist
- David J. Anderson (born 1956), American neuroscientist
- David P. Anderson (born 1955), scientist at University of California, Berkeley, director of SETI@home and BOINC
- David Stirling Anderson (1895–1981), Scottish engineer and educationalist
- David J. Anderson, engineer who developed the Kanban method
In politics, government, or military
- David Anderson (Australian politician) (1865–1936), New South Wales politician
- David Anderson (British Army officer) (1821–1909), general and Governor of Sandhurst
- David Anderson (British Columbia politician) (born 1937), Canadian Liberal politician and former cabinet member
- David Anderson (British politician) (born 1953), British Labour politician
- David Anderson (judge) (1916–1995), Scottish advocate and politician
- David Anderson (Manx politician) (born 1954), current Minister of Transport and former Education Minister of the Isle of Man
- David Anderson (Saskatchewan politician) (born 1957), Canadian Conservative politician
- David Anderson (South Dakota politician) (born 1956), member of the South Dakota House of Representatives
- David Anderson, Baron Anderson of Ipswich (born 1961), British barrister
- David Anderson, Lord St Vigeans (1862–1948), Scottish lawyer and judge, Chairman of the Scottish Land Court 1918–34
- David L. Anderson (attorney), United States Attorney for the Northern District of California
- David Murray Anderson (1874–1936), sometime Governor of Newfoundland and New South Wales
- David V. Anderson (1899–1979), Vermont politician