Danio

Danio is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae found in South and Southeast Asia, commonly kept in aquaria.^[1] They are generally characterised by a pattern of horizontal stripes, rows of spots or vertical bars.^[1] Some species have two pairs of long barbels. Species of this genus consume various small aquatic insects, crustaceans and worms.

Danio
Celestial pearl danio (D. margaritatus), emerald dwarf rasbora (D. erythromicron), glowlight danio (D. choprae), D. aff. albolineatus, Gold-ring danio (D. tinwini), dwarf danio (D. nigrofasciatus), D. aff. kyathit, D. kyathit, panther danio (D. aesculapii)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cypriniformes
Family:	Cyprinidae
Subfamily:	Danioninae
Genus:	Danio F. Hamilton, 1822
Type species
Cyprinus (Danio) dangila Hamilton, 1822
Synonyms
Brachydanio Weber & de Beaufort, 1916 Allodanio H. M. Smith, 1945 Celestichthys Roberts, 2007

Taxonomy

The name "danio" comes from the Bangla name dhani, meaning "of the rice field". Danio was described in the early 19th century by Francis Hamilton. Two of the species included by him in the genus, still remain valid—D. dangila and D. rerio. About a century later (1916) and with many more species described in the meantime, the genus was split; the larger species into Danio and the smaller species into the genus Brachydanio.^[2] In 1991, though, the two genera were recombined; most larger species formerly within the genus Danio have now been reclassified into the genus Devario. Also, Brachydanio is now a junior synonym of Danio.^[3]

Species

There are currently 27 recognized species in this genus:^[1]

Moustached danio (D. dangila)

D. jaintianensis

Blue danio (D. kerri)

Meghalaya danio (D. meghalayensis)

Zebra danio (D. rerio)

Rose danio (D. roseus)

(D. sysphigmatus)

• Danio absconditus S. O. Kullander & Britz, 2015^[4] (Black-barred danio)
• Danio aesculapii S. O. Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 (Panther danio)
• Danio albolineatus (Blyth, 1860) (Pearl danio)
• Danio annulosus S. O. Kullander, Rahman, Norén & Mollah, 2015^[5]
• Danio assamila S. O. Kullander, 2015^[6]
• Danio catenatus S. O. Kullander, 2015^[6]
• Danio choprae Hora, 1928^[7] (Glowlight danio)
• Danio concatenatus S. O. Kullander, 2015^[6]
• Danio dangila (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Moustached danio)
• Danio erythromicron (Annandale, 1918) (Emerald dwarf rasbora)
• Danio feegradei Hora, 1937^[4] (Yoma danio)
• Danio flagrans S. O. Kullander, 2012^[7]
• Danio htamanthinus S. O. Kullander & Norén, 2016^[8]
• Danio jaintianensis (N. Sen, 2007)
• Danio kerri H. M. Smith, 1931 (Blue danio)
• Danio kyathit F. Fang, 1998
• Danio margaritatus (T. R. Roberts, 2007) (Galaxy rasbora or celestial pearl danio)
• Danio meghalayensis N. Sen & S. C. Dey, 1985 (Meghalaya danio)
• Danio muongthanhensis Nguyen, 2001
• Danio nigrofasciatus (F. Day, 1870) (Spotted danio or dwarf danio)
• Danio quagga S. O. Kullander, T. Y. Liao & F. Fang, 2009
• Danio quangbinhensis Nguyen, Le & Nguyen, 1999
• Danio rerio (F. Hamilton, 1822) (Zebra danio or zebrafish)
• Danio roseus F. Fang & Kottelat, 2000 (Rose danio)
• Danio sysphigmatus S. O. Kullander, 2015^[6]
• Danio tinwini S. O. Kullander & F. Fang, 2009 (Gold-ring danio)
• Danio trangi Ngo, 2003

References

1. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Danio". FishBase. March 2017 version.
2. Spence, R., Gerlach, G., Lawrence, C. & Smith, C. (2007): The behaviour and ecology of the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Biological Reviews, 83 (1): 13–34.
3. Fang, F. (2003): Phylogenetic Analysis of the Asian Cyprinid Genus Danio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). Copeia, 2003 (4): 714–728.
4. Kullander, S.O. & Britz, R. (2015): Description of Danio absconditus, new species, and redescription of Danio feegradei (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), from the Rakhine Yoma hotspot in south-western Myanmar. Zootaxa, 3948 (2): 233–247.
5. Kullander, S.O., Rahman, M.M., Norén, M. & Mollah, A.R. (2015): Danio annulosus, a new species of chain Danio from the Shuvolong Falls in Bangladesh (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Danioninae). Zootaxa, 3994 (1): 53–68.
6. Kullander, S.O. (2015): Taxonomy of chain Danio, an Indo-Myanmar species assemblage, with descriptions of four new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 25 (4): 357–380.
7. Kullander, S.O. (2012): Description of Danio flagrans, and redescription of D. choprae, two closely related species from the Ayeyarwaddy River drainage in northern Myanmar (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 23 (3): 245–262.
8. Kullander, S.O. & Norén, M. (2016): Danio htamanthinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of miniature cyprinid fish from the Chindwin River in Myanmar. Zootaxa, 4178 (4): 535–546.