Dir (command)
Directory information command on various operating systems From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing.[1] It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system. The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter (shell). On some systems, a more graphical representation of the directory structure can be displayed using the tree command.
The SpartaDOS X DIR command | |
| Developer(s) | DEC, DR, Intel, Cromemco, MetaComCo, Microsoft, IBM, Datalight, ICD, Inc. |
|---|---|
| Operating system | CP/M, MP/M, ISIS-II, iRMX 86, CDOS, TRIPOS, DOS, MSX-DOS, SISNE plus, 4690 OS, PC-MOS, OS/2, Windows, Singularity, ReactOS, AROS, VMS, RT-11, RSX-11, OS/8, AmigaDOS |
| Platform | Cross-platform |
| Type | Command |
| License | CP/M, MP/M: BSD-like MS-DOS: MIT PC-MOS: GPL-3.0-only ReactOS: GPL |
Implementations
The command is available in the command-line interface (CLI) of the operating systems Digital Research CP/M,[2] MP/M,[3] Intel ISIS-II,[4] iRMX 86,[5] Cromemco CDOS,[6] MetaComCo TRIPOS,[7] DOS, IBM/Toshiba 4690 OS,[8] IBM OS/2,[9] Microsoft Windows,[10] Singularity, Datalight ROM-DOS,[11] ReactOS,[12] GNU,[13] AROS[14] and in the DCL command-line interface used on DEC VMS, RT-11 and RSX-11. It is also supplied with OS/8 as a CUSP (Commonly-Used System Program).
The dir command is supported by Tim Paterson's SCP 86-DOS.[15] On MS-DOS, the command is available in versions 1 and later.[16] It is also available in the open source MS-DOS emulator DOSBox. MS-DOS prompts "Abort, Retry, Fail?" after being commanded to list a directory with no diskette in the drive.
The numerical computing environments MATLAB and GNU Octave include a dir
function with similar functionality.[17][18]
Examples
Summarize
Perspective
DOS, Windows, ReactOS
List all files and directories in the current working directory.
C:\Users>dir
List any text files and batch files (filename extension ".txt" or ".bat").
C:\Users>dir *.txt *.bat
Recursively list all files and directories in the specified directory and any subdirectories, in wide format, pausing after each screen of output. The directory name is enclosed in double-quotes, to prevent it from being interpreted is as two separate command-line options because it contains a whitespace character.
C:\Users>dir /s /w /p "C:\Users\johndoe\My Documents"
List any NTFS junction points:
<syntaxhighlight lang="doscon" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">C:\Users>dir /ash</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">Volume in drive C is OS.</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">Volume Serial Number is xxxx-xxxx</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">Directory of C:\Users</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">12/07/2019 02:30 AM <SYMLINKD> All Users [C:\ProgramData]</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">12/07/2019 02:30 AM <JUNCTION> Default User [C:\Users\Default]</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">12/07/2019 02:12 AM 174 desktop.ini</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">1 File(s) 174 bytes</syntaxhighlight>
<syntaxhighlight lang="output" class="" style="background:none; border:none; color:inherit; padding: 0px 0px;" inline="1">2 Dir(s) 332,659,789,824 bytes free</syntaxhighlight>
Unices
dir is not a Unix command; Unix has the analogous ls command instead. The GNU operating system, however, has a dir command that "is equivalent to ls -C -b; that is, by default files are listed in columns, sorted vertically, and special characters are represented by backslash escape sequences".[19] Actually, for compatibility reasons, ls produces device-dependent output. The dir instruction, unlike ls -Cb, produces device-independent output.
See also
- Directory (OpenVMS command)
- List of DOS commands
- ls (corresponding command for *nix systems)
References
Further reading
External links
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