Copenhagen Declaration

The Copenhagen Declaration is a text agreed by the CSCE in June 1990 at Copenhagen.^[1][2][3] It contains specific election-related commitments.^[4]

Yuri Reshetov, the head of the Soviet delegation dubbed it the new European constitution. His American counterpart, Max Kampelman, labelled it "a programme for democratic action".^[5]

NATO is of the opinion that "At the Copenhagen CSCE Conference on the Human Dimension, Eastern European countries (excluding Albania,which joined the CSCE process in June 1991) commit themselves to multiparty parliamentary democracy and to the rule of law."^[6] The document was part of the legacy of President George Bush.^[7]

Signatories

•  Austria,
•  Belgium,
•  Bulgaria,
•  Canada,
•  Cyprus,
•  Czechoslovakia,
•  Denmark,
•  Finland,
•  France,
• the  German Democratic Republic,
• the  Federal Republic of Germany,
•  Greece,
• the  Holy See,
•  Hungary,
•  Iceland,
•  Ireland,
•  Italy,
•  Liechtenstein,
•  Luxembourg,
•  Malta,
•  Monaco,
• the  Netherlands,
•  Norway,
•  Poland,
•  Portugal,
•  Romania,
•  San Marino,
•  Spain,
•  Sweden,
•   Switzerland,
•  Turkey,
• the  Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,
• the  United Kingdom,
• the  United States of America and
•  Yugoslavia

References

1. "Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE". OSCE. 29 June 1990.
2. "DOCUMENT OF THE COPENHAGEN MEETING OF THE CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN DIMENSION OF THE CSCE". U. S. Helsinki Commission. Commission on security and cooperation in Europe. 20 June 1990.
3. BUERGENTHAL, THOMAS. “Copenhagen: A Democratic Manifesto.” World Affairs, vol. 153, no. 1, 1990, pp. 5–8. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20672253. Accessed 7 Jan. 2023.
4. "OSCE Election-related commitments, from the 1990 Copenhagen Document". OSCE Parliamentary Assembly. nd.
5. Zaagman, Rob (1990). "FROM PROPOSITION TO PROVISION: NEGOTIATING A CSCE TEXT IN COPENHAGEN". Helsinki Monitor. 1 (3): 31–35.
6. "Copenhagen CSCE Conference on the Human Dimension". NATO. 28 June 1990.
7. Bush, George (29 June 1990). "Statement on the Copenhagen Declaration of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe". The American Presidency Project. UC Santa Barbara.