Conant is a pictish surname, and means mighty. It may refer to:
- Adam Conant, fictional character
- Charles "Carlos" Conant Maldonado (1842–1907), Mexican businessman, colonel, and politician
- Charles Conant (1861–1915), American economist
- David Stoughton Conant (1949–2018), American botanist
- Deborah Henson-Conant (born 1953), American harpist
- Douglas Conant, American businessman
- Frances Augusta Hemingway Conant (1842-1903), American journalist, editor, businesswoman
- Frederic Conant (1892–1974), American yacht racer
- Gordon Conant (1885–1953), Canadian politician
- James Bryant Conant (1893–1978), American chemist and President of Harvard University
- James F. Conant (born 1958), American philosopher
- Jennet Conant, American journalist and author
- John Conant (1608–1694), English clergyman and university vice-chancellor
- Kenneth John Conant (1894-1984), American architectural historian
- Levi Conant (1857–1916), American mathematician
- Marcus Conant (born 1936), American dermatologist and HIV/AIDS expert
- Norman Francis Conant (1908–1984), American medical mycologist
- Ralph W. Conant (born 1926), American urban planner
- Roger Conant (colonist) (c.1592–1679), early Massachusetts settler
- Sir Roger Conant, 1st Baronet (1899–1973), British politician
- Roger Conant (herpetologist) (1909–2003), American herpetologist
- Scott Conant (born 1971), American chef
- Susan Conant, American mystery writer
- Thomas Jefferson Conant (1802–1891), American Bible scholar
- James B. Conant High School, a public school in Hoffman Estates, Illinois.