Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)

The Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (क्रान्तिकारी माओवादी)), abbreviated CPN (RM), was a communist party in Nepal. It was founded in June 2012 by the then vice-chairman of Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), Mohan Baidya after splitting from the party.

Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist) नेपाल कम्यूनिष्ट पार्टी (क्रान्तिकारी माओवादी)
General Secretary	Mohan Baidya
Founded	19 June 2012
Legalised	12 July 2017[a]
Split from	UCPN (Maoist)
Headquarters	Kathmandu
Electoral front	Patriotic People's Republican Front
Ideology	Communism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Political position	Far-left
International affiliation	ICOR[a]
Election symbol
Politics of Nepal Political parties Elections

History

Formation and first split, 2012–2014

In June 2012, Mohan Baidya split off from UCPN (Maoist) along with 45 of 149 central committee members to form the Communist Party of Nepal–Maoist, also referred to as dash Maoists.^[1][2] He accused the party of being filled with opportunists and the leadership of destroying the achievements of the People's War. He also termed accepting the line of "democratic republic" in 2005 and signing the Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 as major mistakes by the Maoist leadership.^[3] The party boycotted the 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly elections and opposed the interim government led by Chief Justice Khil Raj Regmi that was conducting the elections.^[4] The party tried disrupting the elections detonating bombs in several places which resulted in the death of a child.^[5]

On 24 November 2014, party general secretary, Netra Bikram Chand "Biplav" along with 12 central committee members split from the party accusing Baidya of weak leadership and failure to lead the party to a new stage of revolution.^[6] The new party was formed on 29 November 2014 as the Communist Party of Nepal Maoist.

Revolutionary Maoist, 2015–2023

The party merged with CPN (Unified) on 8 November 2015 and agreed to name the party CPN (Revolutionary Maoist).^[7][8] The party suffered another split on 14 May 2016 when a faction advocating for unification with the UPCN (Maoist) elected Ram Bahadur Thapa as the party chairman and decided to merge with the UCPN (Maoist) and other Maoist parties to form CPN (Maoist Centre).^[9][10][11]

The party joined electoral politics in 2017 and formed the Patriotic People's Republican Front, Nepal (Nepali: देशभक्त जनगणतन्त्रिक मोर्चा, नेपाल) as its electoral front under the leadership of Chandra Prakash Gajurel.^[12][13]

In April 2023 the CPN (Revolutionary Maoist) and the CPN (Majority) held a "Communist Unity Congress (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)" and merged to form a new party, the Revolutionary Communist Party of Nepal.^[14][15]

Ideology

The party had adopted the line of unified people's revolution. Scientific socialism is their political program.^[16] The party had also endorsed a political line of "new people's revolt" moving forward from the line of "people's war" from the previous Maoist party.^[17]

Activities

In 2012, the Communist Party of Nepal issued a warning against the screening of Hindi films and operation of vehicles bearing Indian number plates in 10 districts, saying that anybody defying its ban will face the consequences. The party imposed the ban in the districts under the Tamsaling Ethnic State Committee, including Chitwan, Makwanpur, Dhading, and Kavre. It is claimed that the move was aimed at protecting national sovereignty.

As claimed, the party has banned the screening of Hindi movies and broadcast of Hindi songs in these districts in an attempt to promote Nepali films and songs. The ban on operation of vehicles with Indian number plates has also been imposed as a large number of such vehicles are found transporting agriculture goods from India, which has resulted in the domestic produce losing out the market in the country. The party has warned that anybody defying the ban will face the consequences.

Following the CPN's ban order, different broadcast media based in Chitwan and Makawanpur have stopped playing Hindi songs. Meanwhile, a delegation comprising representatives from the broadcast media based in the districts have urged the CPN's Chitwan District committee to withdraw the ban.^[18]

Electoral performance

The party participates in elections as the Patriotic People's Democratic Front, Nepal.

Election	Leader	Votes		Seats	Position	Resulting government
		No.	%
2017	Chandra Prakash Gajurel	13,944	0.15	0 / 275	21st	Extra-parliamentary

See also

• Communist Party of Nepal (2014)
• Nepalese Civil War

Notes

1. As Patriotic People's Republican Front

References

1. Magazine, New Spolight. "The Maoist split". SpotlightNepal. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
2. "The ideas and punctuation splitting Nepal's Maoists - Turkey and World News". www.worldbulletin.net. Retrieved 8 December 2020.^{[dead link]}
3. Jha, Prashant (18 June 2012). "Nepal's Maoists split; Kiran faction walks away". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
4. IRIN, part of the Guardian development network (4 November 2013). "Nepal protests heighten tensions ahead of election". the Guardian. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
5. "Baidya-led Maoist Party to join local polls". My Republica. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
6. "Nepali CPN-Maoist splits, General Secretary Netra Bikram Chand leaves party". The Economic Times. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
7. "CPN-Maoist, CPN(Unified) announce merger". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
8. "वैद्य समूहले पार्टीको नाम जुरायो, नयाँ पार्टी नेकपा (क्रन्तिकारी माओवादी)". Himalkhabar.com. 17 June 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
9. "CPN-Revolutionary Maoist splits as faction elects Thapa chair". The Himalayan Times. 14 May 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
10. "Maoist parties unite to form CPN Maoist Centre". The Himalayan Times. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
11. "Baidya's lieutenants set to rejoin Dahal". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
12. "Baidya-led Maoist Party to join local polls". My Republica. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
13. "Baidya-led Maoist forms Morcha to contest election". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
14. Central Committee of the Communist Party of India (Maoist) (24 June 2023). "Uphold the formation of Nepal Revolutionary Communist Party!". Maoist Road. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
15. "CPN (Revolutionary Maoist), CPN (Bahumat) forge party unity". kathmandupost.com. 7 April 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
16. "You searched for CPN-M to submit 70-point demands to PM Bhattarai today". The Himalayan Times. Retrieved 8 December 2020.^{[permanent dead link]}
17. "Baidya Maoists for 'new people's revolt'". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
18. "Nepali Maoists ban Hindi films, Indian vehicles". Rediff. Retrieved 8 December 2020.