List of comics publishing companies

This list of comics publishing companies lists companies, specifically publishing companies who primarily publish comics. Comic art is an art medium used to present ideas or stories via images. The images are usually arranged in panels in a sequence that conveys the story. Sounds are expressed using speech balloons and onomatopoeia. European comics have existed since 1837, when Swiss artist Rodolphe Töpffer published Histoire de Mr. Vieux Bois. The oldest comic publishing company on this list is the now-defunct book publishing company, David McKay Publications that was founded in 1882 and published comics from 1935 to 1950. Most comic publishing companies were established in the United States, where comics became popular in the mid-1900s.

Publishers

Comics publishing companies

Name	Country	Active		Notes
12 bis	France[1]	2008[2]	9998
Blue Comics	Brazil[3]	2006[4]	9998
1First Comics	US[5][6]	1982	9998	Relaunched in 2011; a.k.a. First Comics
451 Media Group	US[7]	2015	9998	Subdivision of Michael Bay's 451 Interactive Publishing[8]
Aardvark-Vanaheim	Canada[9]	1977[9]	9998	Most titles moved to Renegade Press in 1985[9]
Abacus Comics	US[10]	2006	9998	Bought Alias Comics in 2007[11]
About Comics	US[12]	1998	9998	[13]
Abrams ComicArts	US	2009	9998	An imprint of Abrams Books[14]
AC Comics	US[15]	1969	9998	Former Paragon Publications until 1982; former Americomics until 1984[16]
Ace Comics	US	1940	1956	[citation needed] Imprints: A.A. Wyn (Inc.), Ace Books, Inc., Ace Magazines, Inc., Ace Periodicals, Inc., Ace Publications (Inc.), Current Books, Inc., Humor Publications, Inc., Junior Books, Inc., Periodical House, Inc., Unity Publishing Corp.[17]
Acme Press	UK	1986	2005	Also known as ACME Press and Acme Comics
Action Lab Comics	US[18]	2010[19]	9998	Comics published under imprint: Action Lab Comics Signature Series
AdHouse Books	US[20]	2002	9998	[21]
Adult Comics	US	1992[22]	1992	Adult-comics imprint of Personality Comics. Titles: Bad Girls; Female Fantasies[23]
Adventure Publications	US	1986	1993	Acquired by Malibu Comics in 1989,[24] which was bought by Marvel in 1994.[25] Titles: Elf Warrior; Ninja Elite; Star Rangers[26]
Aftershock Comics	US[27]	2015	2022	AfterShock Comics Files Chapter 11 Bankruptcy
Aida-Zee Comics	US	1990	1997	Titles included Aida-Zee,[28] Paro-Dee, Behold 3-D
Aircel Comics	Canada[29]	1985[29]	1994[25]	Bought out by Malibu Comics in 1991, which was bought by Marvel in 1994[25]
AiT/Planet Lar	US[30]	1999[31]	9998
Ajax-Farrell	US[32]	1951	1958	see: Farrell Comic Group[33]
Akita Shoten	Japan[34]	1948	9998	[35] Publishes mostly manga-titles
Alias Enterprises	US	2005	2007	[36] Published comics as Alias Comics; imprint: Cross Culture. Alias Comics was sold to Abacus Comics[37] and Cross Culture was bought by LAMP PoST Publications in 2007
All-American Publications	US[38]	1939[38]	1946[39]	Bought out by National Periodicals (DC Comics) in 1946[39]
All Star DC Comics	US	2005[40]	2008[40]	Defunct imprint of DC Comics. Titles: All-Star Superman; All Star Batman and Robin the Boy Wonder
Alternative Comics	US[41]	1993[42]	9998	Shut down in 2008, resumed publishing in 2012.[43] Titles: 9-11: Emergency Relief; The Cute Manifesto; Magic Whistle
Amalgam Comics	US	1996	1997	Shared Imprint by DC Comics and Marvel Comielcs. Defunct in 1997, published reprints in 2003 and 2004[44]
Amazing Comics	US	1987	1987[45]	Spearheaded by David Campiti; one of the five publishing entities set up by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg/Sunrise Distribution.[46] Some titles were affiliated with Pied Piper Comics. Titles:[47] Barney the Invisible Turtle,[48] Ex-Mutants, Jack Frost
American Comics Group	US[49]	1943[49]	1967	[49] Began in 1943 as Creston Publishing
America's Best Comics	US	1999	2005	Imprint of WildStorm, altogether sold to DC Comics
Americomics	US	1982	1984	Former Paragon Publications from 1969 to 1982; becomes AC Comics in 1984[16]
Anglo-American Publishing	Canada[50]	1941[50]	1951[51]
Ankama Editions	France[52]	2001	9998	Comics publishing division of Ankama Games [citation needed]
Antarctic Press	US[53]	1984[53]	9998
Apex Novelties	US[54]	1968	1979	[citation needed] Original publisher of R. Crumb's Zap Comix[55]
Apple Comics	US[56]	1986	1994	Began as Imprint of WaRP Graphics. Also known as Apple Press. Imprint: Forbidden Fruit
Approbation Comics	US[57]	1992	9998	[citation needed]
Arcana Studio	Canada[58]	2004[59]	9998	Titles: Clockwork Girl; Kade; Ezra[60]
Archaia Studios Press	US	2002	9998	[citation needed] Bought by Kunoichi Inc. in 2008.[61] Titles: Mouse Guard
Archie Adventure Comics	US[62]	1959[63]	1962	Archie Comics superhero imprint. Titles: Adventures of The Fly; Adventures of the Jaguar, Shadow
Archie Comic Publications	US[64][65]	1939[64]	9998	Founded as MLJ Magazines, changed to Archie Comic Publications in 1951. Imprints (all currently defunct): Archie Adventure Comics; Belmont Books, Radio Comics (under Mighty Comics); Red Circle Comics; Spectrum Comics
Arrow Comics	US[66]	1985	9998	Arrow Comics shut down two times; In 1989, returning in 1993,[67] and in 2000, returning in 2008. Imprint: Arrow Manga. Titles: Tales From The Aniverse; Spank the Monkey; The Dead[68]
Asahi Sonorama	Japan	1959	9998
ASCII Media Works	Japan	2008	9998
Aspen MLT	US[69]	2003[70]	9998	Titles: Aspen; Soulfire; Lady Mechanika[71]
L'Association	France	1990	9998	[citation needed]
Asuka	France	2004	2010	[citation needed] Merged with Kazé in 2010
Atlas Comics	US	1951	1957	[citation needed] Evolved into Marvel Comics
Atlas/Seaboard Comics	US	1974[72]	1975	Relaunched in association with Ardden Entertainment in 2010.[73] Titles: Grim Ghost, Phoenix, Scorpion
Atomeka Press	UK	1988 2004	1997 2005	[citation needed]
Avatar Press	US[74]	1996	-9998	[citation needed] Dystopian comics
Avon Comics	US	1945	1956	[citation needed]
AWA Studios	US	2019	9998	Artists, Writers & Artisans[75]
Awesome Comics	US	1997	2000	[citation needed] Also known as Awesome Entertainment and Awesome-Hyperwerks
Axis Comics	US	1994	1994	[citation needed]
Azteca Productions	US	1993	-9998	[citation needed]
Bedside Press	Canada[76]	2014	2019	Hope Nicholson Closes Bedside Press Following Sexual Assault Admission
Bell Features	Canada[77]	1939[77]	1953	a.k.a. Commercial Signs of Canada[77]
Belmont Books	US	1960	1971	[citation needed] Paperback-book publishing imprint of Archie Comics, also published reprinted material from Radio Comics. Merged with Tower Books forming Belmont Tower in 1971. Ceased publishing 1980
Beyond Comics	US	1997	9998	Publications: "Justice" , "Gekido Vs. Code Name: Justice" , "Gekido" , & "Ravedactyl" Also known as BeyondComics.TV
Big Bang Comics	US	1994	-9998	[citation needed] Established in 1994 as imprint of Caliber Press; became independent publisher in 2006
Black Eye Productions	Canada[78]	1992[79]	1998[79]
Blackthorne Publishing	US	1985	1989	[citation needed]
Blue Juice Comics	US[80]	2012	9998
Boneyard Press	US[81]	1991[82]	9998	Currently publishing online comics (Vein Water).[83]
Bongo Comics	US	1993	2018	[citation needed]
Boom! Studios	US	2005	9998	[citation needed]
Boundless Comics	US[84]	2010[85]	9998	Imprint of Avatar Press, created solely for publication of Lady Death, bought from CrossGen Entertainment (who themself bought the rights to Lady Death from defunct Chaos! Comics)
BroadSword Comics	US	1999	-9998	[citation needed]
Broadway Comics	US	1995	1996	[citation needed]
Bubble Comics	Russia	2011	9998
Burlyman Entertainment	US	2003	9998	Founded by The Wachowskis.
Byron Preiss Visual Publications	US	1974	2006	[citation needed]
Bluewater Productions	US	2007	-9998	[citation needed]
Caliber Comics	US	1989	2000	[citation needed]
Calvary Comics	US	2006	-9998	[citation needed]
Capital Comics	US	1981	1984	[citation needed] Went bankrupt, all titles acquired by First Comics
Cardal Publishing	UK		1951[86]
Carlsen Comics	Germany[87]	1967	9998	Comic publishing imprint of Carlsen Verlag, established in 1953,[88] started publishing comics in 1967; imprints: Edition ComicArt, B&L (bought 2002, since 2006 part of Carlsen Cartoon und Humor), Chicken House Deutschland (joint-venture with The Chicken House[89]
Cartoon Books	US	1991	9998	[citation needed]
Casterman	Belgium[90]	1934	9998	[citation needed] Established in 1780, began publishing comics in 1934
Celebrity Comics	US	1992	1993	Imprint of Personality Comics[91]
Centaur Publications	US	1938	1942	[citation needed]
Chaos! Comics	US	1992	2002[92]	First publishing in 1993.[93] All characters except Lady Death were first bought by comic retailer Tales of Wonder, then sold to Devil's Due Publishing, and after the demise of Devil's Due Publishing finally went to Dynamite Entertainment. Rights to Lady Death were first sold to CrossGen Entertainment, and went, after Crossgen's demise, to Chaos! Comics founder Brian Pulido and Avatar Press under its own imprint Boundless Comics[94]
Charlton Comics	US	1946	1986	[citation needed]
Cinebook	UK	?	9998	[citation needed]
Class Comics	Canada[95]	1995[96]	-9998	Publishes erotic gay comics.
Classical Comics	UK	2007	-9998	[citation needed]
Claypool Comics	US	1993	2006	[citation needed]
Cliffhanger	US	1998	2004	[citation needed] Absorbed first into Homage, itself then absorbed Wildstorm Signature Series
CMX	US	2004	2010	[citation needed]
Coamix	Japan	2000	-9998	[citation needed]
Coconino Press	Italy	2000	9998	[citation needed]
Columbia Comics	US	1940	1949	[citation needed]
Comely Comix	Canada	1975	2005	[citation needed] Known for Captain Canuck
Comic Chronicles	US		1993	Imprint of Personality Comics[97]
Comic Media	US	1952	1954	[citation needed]
Comico Comics	US	1982	1997	[citation needed]
Comics' Greatest World	US[98][99]	1993	2000	Dark Horse Comics superhero imprint. Changed name to Dark Horse Heroes in 1995
Comics Interview Group	US	1985	1989	[citation needed] Imprint of Fictioneer Books
ComicsOne	US[100]	1999	2005[101]	Some titles were taken over by DrMaster[102]
Com.x	UK	2000	-9998	[citation needed]
Conrad	Brazil[103]	1993	-9997	[citation needed]
Continuity Comics	US	1984	1994	[citation needed] Also known as Continuity Publishing; still exists as Neal Adams Studios, no longer publishing comics
Continüm Comics	US	1989	1994	[citation needed]
Core Magazine	Japan	1985	9998
Crestwood Publications	US	1943	1963	[citation needed] Later known as Prize Comics
CrossGen	US	1998	2004[104]	Former imprint: Code 6. Bought by Walt Disney in 2004.[105] Became an Imprint of Marvel Comics in 2010, first publishing under Marvel Comics in 2011[106]
Crusade Comics	US	1994	2002	[citation needed]
Curtis Magazines	US	1971	1980	[citation needed] Marvel Comics imprint. Published black-and-white comics magazines
Curtis Publishing Company	US	1891	9998	[citation needed]
Dabel Brothers Productions	US	2001[107]	2009[108]	[citation needed]
Dargaud	France	1943	9998	[citation needed]
Dark Horse Comics	US[109]	1986	9998	Active imprints: Dark Horse Manga, M Press ("diverse literary fiction and non-fiction prose for authors with a unique voice").,[110] Sequential Pulp Comics. Discontinued imprints: Comics' Greatest World later renamed Dark Horse Heroes (DH's shared superheroes universe), Legend (creator-owned projects, originally by Miller and Byrne),[111] and Maverick (creator-owned projects, follow-up to Legend)[112]
Dark Horse Manga	US	1992	9998	Dark Horse Comics manga-imprint
David McKay Publications (also: David McKay Company)	US[113]	1882	1986	Published comics from 1931[114] to 1950;[113] bought out by Random House in 1986
DC Comics	US	1934	9998	Founded as National Allied Publications.
D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd	UK	1905	9998	[citation needed] Publishers of The Beano and The Dandy
Defiant Comics	US	1992[115]	1995	[citation needed] Imprint of Enlightened Entertainment Partners, LP
Delcourt	France	1986	9998	[citation needed]
Dell Comics	US	1929	1973	[citation needed]
Deluxe Comics	US	1984	1986	[citation needed]
Desperado Publishing	US	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
Devil's Due Publishing	US	1999	9998	[citation needed]
Dhaka Comics	Bangladesh	2013	9998
Disney Comics	US	1990	1993	[citation needed]
Dragon Lady Press	Canada	1985	1988	[citation needed]
Drawn & Quarterly	Canada[116]	1990[116]	9998
Dreamwave Productions	Canada[117]	1996[117]	2005[117]
DrMaster	US[118]	2004[119]	2008[120]	Published some titles from ComicsOne when they went out of business[121]
DSTLRY	US	2023	9998
Dupuis	Belgium	1922	9998	[citation needed]
Dynamite Entertainment	US	2005	9998	[citation needed]
Eastern Color Printing	US	1933	1955	[citation needed] Continued as a printer until 2002
EC Comics	US	1944	1956	[citation needed] Continued to publish Mad magazine
Eclipse Comics	US	1978	1993	[citation needed] Imprint: Independent Comics Group
Eerie Publications	US	1966	1981	[citation needed] Myron Fass black-and-white horror comics magazine imprint
eigoMANGA	US	2000	9998	[citation needed]
Elliot Publishing	US[122]	1940	1945	Published comics from 1944 - 1945; imprint: Gilberton (until 1942)
Elvifrance	France	1970	1992	[citation needed]
Epic Comics (also: Epic Comics Group)	US	1982 1995 2003	1994 1996 2011	[123][124][125] Imprint of Marvel Comics, defunct
Eternity Comics	US	1986	1994	Originally spearheaded by Brian Marshall; one of five publishers set up by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg/Sunrise Distribution; became a Malibu Comics imprint in 1988[46]
Event Comics	US[126]	1994	1999[127]	Became Marvel Knights and was closed in 1998, last publishing in 1999[128]
Evil Ink Comics	US	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
Extreme Studios	US	1997	2000	[citation needed]
Fangoria Comics	US	2007	2007	[citation needed] Fangoria Entertainment imprint
FantaCo Enterprises	US	1980	1998	[citation needed]
Fantagor Press	US	1986	1994	[citation needed] Imprint of cartoonist Richard Corben
Fantagraphics	US[129]	1976	9998	[citation needed]
Fantasy Flight Publications		1995	1996	[citation needed] Published translated European comics; still in business as games publisher Fantasy Flight Games
Farrell Comic Group	US	1951	1958	[citation needed] Imprints: America's Best, Ajax Publications, Ajax-Farrell,[130] Decker Publications, Red Top Comics, Steinway Comics and World Famous; successor to Farrell Publications
Farrell Publications	US	1940	1948	[citation needed] Imprints: American Feature Syndicate, Four Star Publications and Kiddie Kapers Company. Was followed by Farrell Comic Group
Fawcett Comics	US	1939 1969	1953 1980	[citation needed]
Fiction House	US	1938	1954	[citation needed]
Finix Comics	Germany[131]	2007	9998	Registered club open to any comic-fan[132] with the goal to continue prematurly cancelled comic-series. First publishing in 2008. Imprint: Edition Solitaire
First Comics	US	1982[133]	9998	Relaunched in 2011; a/k/a and see 1First Comics[134]
Fox Atomic Comics	US	2006	2009[135]	Comics publishing imprint of Fox Atomic, itself an imprint of 20th Century Fox
Fox Feature Syndicate	US	1939	1951	[citation needed]
Frémok	France Belgium	2002	-9998	[citation needed]
Futabasha	Japan	1948	9998
Future Comics	US	2002	2004	[citation needed]
Gentosha	Japan	1993	9998
Gestalt Publishing	Australia[136]	2005	-9998	[citation needed]
Gladstone Comics	US	1986	1999[137]
Glénat	France	1972	9998	[citation needed]
Gold Key Comics	US	1962	1984	[citation needed] Also known as Whitman Comics
Hakusensha	Japan	1973	9998
Hall of Heroes	US	1993	1999	[citation needed]
Harrier Comics	UK	1984	1989	[citation needed]
Harris Comics	US	1985	2008	[citation needed] Published Vampirella
Harvey Comics	US	1941	1986	[citation needed]
Hell Comics	US	1971	1972	[citation needed] Published Air Pirates Funnies
Hexagon Comics	France	1950	9998	Successor to Editions Lug, which was succeeded by Semic S.A. which folded in 2003. Titles: Strangers, Hexagon Classics
Highwater Books	US	1997	2004[138]	[citation needed]
Hillborough Studios	Canada[139]	1941[139]	1942[77]	Most of the staff moved to Bell Features[139]
Hillman Periodicals	US	1948	1953	[citation needed]
Holyoke Publishing	US	1940	1946	[citation needed] Imprints: Bilbara Publishing, Continental Publishing, Narrative Publishers
Homage	US	1995	2004	[citation needed] WildStorm Productions imprint, acquired by DC Comics in 1998, absorbed into Wildstorm Signature Series in 2004
Houbunsha	Japan	1950	9998	[citation needed]
Humanoids Publishing	US	1999	-9998	[citation needed]
Humor Comics	US	1992	1993	Imprint of Personality Comics[140]
Humor Publications/ Current Books	US	1944	1948	[citation needed] Ace Magazines imprint.
Icon	US	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
Idaho Comics Group	US	2014	9998	Publishes Tarzan and the Comics of Idaho and Idaho Comics
IDW Publishing	US	1999	9998	[citation needed]
I. W. Publications	US	1958	1964	[citation needed] Also known as Super Comics
iBooks	US	2003	2005	[citation needed] Published by Byron Preiss
Image Comics	US[141]	1992[115]	9998	[citation needed]
Imperial Comics	US	1986	1987	Spearheaded by Brian Marshall; one of five publishers established by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg/Sunrise Distribution (and later absorbed by Malibu/Eternity).[46]
Imperium Comics	US		-9998	[citation needed]
Innovation Comics	US	1988	1993[115]	[citation needed]
Insomnia Publications	UK	2006	2010	[citation needed]
JBC	Japan Brazil	1992	9998	[citation needed]
JC Comics	US	1981	9998	[citation needed] Also known as JC Productions; still in existence, just not publishing since 1984
Jitsugyo no Nihon Sha	Japan	1897	9998
Johnny DC	US	2004	9998	[citation needed] All-ages imprint of DC Comics
Kadokawa Shoten	Japan	1945	9998
Kami	France		2010	[142]
Kana	France	1996	9998	[citation needed]
Kazé	France	1994	2022	Parent company was Viz Media Europe until 2022 when it was acquired and merged with Crunchyroll
King Comics	US	1966	1967	[citation needed] Connected with King Features Syndicate; most titles were picked up from Gold Key Comics and later acquired by Charlton Comics
Ki-oon	France	2003	-9998	[citation needed]
Kitchen Sink Press	US	1970	1999[115][143]	Bought by Ocean Capital Corp. on May 24, 1994[115][citation needed]
Kobunsha	Japan	1945	9998
Kodansha	Japan[144]	1909	9998	[citation needed]
Koyama Press	Canada[145]	2007[145]	-9998
Laizen Comics	US	2009	9998	[146][147][148]
La Pastèque	Canada[149]	1998[149]	9998
Last Gasp Comix & Stories	US	1970	9998	[citation needed]
Legend	US[111][150]	1994[115]	1998	Defunct Dark Horse Comics imprint for creator-owned materials; followed by Maverick
Le Lombard	Belgium	1946	9998	[citation needed]
Les 400 coups	Canada	1994	9998	[citation needed]
Les Humanoïdes Associés	France	1974	9998	[citation needed]
Lev Gleason Publications	US	1939	1955	[citation needed] Also known as Comic House Publications
Lightning Comics	US	1967	1967	[citation needed]
Lightning Comics	US	1993	1997	[citation needed]
Liquid Comics	India[151]	2008[152]	9998	Former Virgin Comics
L. Miller & Son, Ltd.	UK	1943	1966	[citation needed]
Lodestone Comics		1985	1986	[citation needed]
Los Angeles Comic Book Company	US	1971	1974	[citation needed]
Lucha Comics	Canada[153]	2013	9998	An imprint of The Shooting Star Press.
Ludovico Technique LLC	US[154]		-9998	[citation needed]
Magazine Enterprises	US	1943	1958	[citation needed]
Mad Cave Studios	United States	2014	9998
Mag Garden	Japan	2001	9998
Mainline Publications	US	1953	1956	[citation needed]
Malibu Comics	US	1986	1994	One of five publishers set up by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg/Sunrise Distribution.[46] Bought by Marvel Comics,[115] currently dormant. Imprints: Adventure Comics, Aircel Comics, Bravura, Eternity Comics, Genesis, Protectors Universe, Ultraverse (moved to Marvel)
Mam Tor Publishing	UK	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
Maple Leaf Publishing	Canada[155]	1941[155]	-9997	[citation needed]
Markosia	UK	2005	-9998	[citation needed]
Marvel Comics	US	1939	9998	Founded as Timely Comics, later Atlas Comics
Marvel Adventures	US	2005[156]	2012[157]	former Marvel Age;[158] all-ages imprint of Marvel Comics ("Marvel Kids")[159]
Marvel Age	US	2003	2005	All-ages imprint of Marvel Comics ("Marvel Kids"), picked up titles from Tsunami; became Marvel Adventures[160]
Maverick	US[112]	1999	2002	Dark Horse Comics imprint for creator-owned materials, follow-up to Legend
Max Comics (MAX)	US	2001[161]	9998	[162] Mature-reader imprint of Marvel Comics[163]
Media Factory	Japan	1986	9998
Mighty Comics	US	1965	1967	[citation needed] Archie Comics named Mighty Comics Group for housing the Super-hero imprint Radio Comics. See: Radio Comics
Milestone Media	US	1993	1997[115]	[citation needed] Merged with main DC line.
Mille-Îles	Canada[164]	1989[164]	9998
Millennium Publications	US	1990	1998	[citation needed] Imprint: Modern Comics (1997–2000)
Mirage Studios	US	1983	2021	Titles: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
M. F. Enterprises	US	1966	1967	[citation needed]
MLJ Magazines	US	1939	1951	Became Archie Comic Publications in 1951
Mojo Press	US	1994	1999	[citation needed] Titles: Weird Business; Red Range; Atomic Chili
Moonstone Books	US	1995	9998	[citation needed]
M Press	US[110]	2004[165]	9998	Dark Horse Comics imprint for "diverse literary fiction and non-fiction prose for authors with a unique voice"
MU Press	US	1990	2006	[citation needed] Imprint: AEON Publishing
NBM Publishing	US	1976	9998	[citation needed]
Standard Comics	US	1939	1956	[citation needed] Also known as Nedor, Pines, Better, and Thrilling
New England Comics	US		-9998	[citation needed]
New Sirius Productions		1986	1986	[citation needed] Comics line called Prelude Graphics
Nihon Bungeisha	Japan	1959	9998
Noble Comics		1981	1983	[citation needed]
Novelty Press	US	1940	1949	[citation needed]
NOW Comics	US[166]	1985	2005	[citation needed]
Ohzora Publishing	Japan	1990	9998
Ominous Press	US	1994	1994[167]	Bart Sears's short lived self-publishing line
Oni Press	US[168]	1997[169]	9998	[citation needed]
Oog & Blik	Netherlands	1985	9998	[citation needed]
Orbit Publications	US	1945	1953	[citation needed] Also known as Orbit Comics
O.W. Comics	US	1945	1946	Also known as Oxton & Woolfolk Comics Corp. Publisher of Mad Hatter No. 1 and No. 2 (1946). The Mad Hatter was an attorney who craved adventure. With his superb, athletic ability and his signal hat, he took on crime bosses. Grant Richmond was a little-respected junior partner at the law firm of Fuddy and Bustle who felt that the legal system made as much sense as the work of Lewis Carroll. So by night, he put on a costume and became the Mad Hatter. He can shine his top hat insignia against walls to strike fear into criminals, and he also speaks in rhyme. Victims of the acute paper rationing of 1945-1949 which bankrupt many U.S. Publishing Companies during WWII, O.W. Comics, Inc., was a short-lived house consisting of two comic veterans, William "Bill" Woolfolk, who had worked for MLJ and Facett, and John Gerard "Jack" Oxton, Sr., a film editor with Paramount in NYC. They co-created the Mad Hatter #1 and #2, and co-founded their Comic Book Co., O.W. Comics, which stood for Oxton & Woolkfolk. Woolfolk, the Editor and Oxton, President, operated their publishing company, O.W. Comics, Inc., at 150 Nassau Street, New York City, New York in the mid-1940's.[170][171][172]
Pacific Comics	US[173]	1981[173]	1984[174]
Panaramic Entertainment	Nigeria	2007	9998
Paradox Press	US	1993	2001	[citation needed] Formerly Piranha Press
Paragon Publications	US	1969	1982	Founded 1969 (first release in 1970); becomes Americomics in 1982[175]
Personality Comics	US	1991	1993[176]	Imprints: Adult Comics, Celebrity Comics, Comic Chronicles, Cutting Edge Productions, Friendly Comics, Humor Comics, Real Life Comics, Spoof Comics, Sports Comics[177]
Pied Piper Comics	US	1986	1988	[citation needed] De facto successor to Wonder Comics
Pika Édition	France	1999	-9998	[citation needed]
Pines Comics	US	1956	1959	[citation needed] Successor to Nedor Comics
Piranha Press	US	1989	1994	[citation needed] A DC Comics imprint. Later became Paradox Press
Print Mint	US	1968	1978	[citation needed]
Prism Comics	US	2003	-9998	[citation needed]
Quality Comics	US[178]	1939[178]	1956[178]	[citation needed]
Radical Comics	US[179]	2007	-9998
Radio Comics	US	1965	1967	[citation needed]Superhero imprint of Archie Comics (labelled as imprint of Mighty Comics Group). See: Mighty Comics
Radio Comix	US	1996	-9998	[citation needed]
Raj Comics	India	1985	9998	[citation needed]
Real Life Comics	US		1993	Imprint of Personality Comics[180]
Reasonably Priced Comics	US[181]	2009	9998
Rebellion Developments	UK	1991	9998	[citation needed] Started publishing comics in 2000 when they purchased 2000 AD. Now also owns the former back catalogue of Fleetway.
Red 5 Comics	Canada	2007	-9998	[citation needed]
Red Circle Comics	US	1973	1985	[citation needed] Archie Comics superhero-imprint
Red Giant Entertainment	US	2005	9998	Publishes comics and graphic novels. Some titles include: Banzai Girl, Duel Identity, Exposure, Jade Warriors, Journey To Magika, Last Blood, Medusa's Daughter, Monster Isle by Larry Hama, Pandora's Blogs, Sore Thumbs, Tesla, Wayward Sons, Wayward Sons: Legends
Renegade Press	US[9]	1985[9]	1989[9]	Started with Aardvark-Vanaheim titles, except for Cerebus[9]
Re-Visionary Press		1994	2000	[citation needed] Imprint: Carnal Comics (acquired from Revolutionary Comics)
Revolutionary Comics	US	1989	1994	[citation needed] Imprint: Carnal Comics (later acquired by Re-Visionary Press and then Opus Graphics)
Rip Off Press	US	1969	9998	[citation needed]
Robot Comics	Spain	2009	-9998	[citation needed]
Rolf Kauka Comics	Germany[182][183]	1951	9998	Sold to IPC Media and VNU in 1973; bought back by founder in 1979; became Promedia, Inc. in 1982; became Kauka Promedia in 2002; became Rolf Kauka Comics in 2008[184]
Rough Cut Comics	Scotland[185]	1999[186]	9998	First publishing in 2001. Titles: Freedom Collective, Society, The Surgeon
Rural Home	US	1945	1945	[citation needed] Owned by Enwil. Also published under Rural Home Publishing Co. and Rural Home Publications.[187] Titles: Cannonball Comics, Eagle Comics, Red Circle Comics
Scattered Comics	US[188]	1991	9998	Titles: "Blank" , "Blinth" , "Blonde Assassin" , "Caffeine Poisoned" , "Comics Vs. Manga" , "Damage Inc." , "Dr. Dream" , "Forgotten Tales" , "Genisis" , "Inky and his Magic Eraser" , "Lylith & Mara" , "Movie Massacre Magazine" , "Panda Days" , "Scattered" , "Shadow Hunters"
Seoulmunhwasa	South Korea[189]		-9998	[citation needed]
Sequential Pulp Comics		2011	9998	Dark Horse Comics imprint[190]
Seven Seas Entertainment	US	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
ShadowLine	US	1993	-9998	[citation needed]
Shanda Fantasy Arts			-9998	[citation needed]
Shinshokan	Japan	1961	-9998	[citation needed]
Shinchosha	Japan	1896	9998
Shodensha	Japan	1970	9998	[citation needed]
Shogakukan	Japan	1922	9998	[citation needed]
Shōnen Gahōsha	Japan	1945	-9998	[citation needed]
Shueisha	Japan	1925	9998	[citation needed]
Sirius Comics	US	1985	1986	[citation needed]
Sirius Entertainment	US	1994	2005	[citation needed]
Skywald Publications	US	1970	1975	[citation needed]
Slave Labor Graphics	US[191]	1986	9998	[citation needed]
Soleil Productions	France	1989[192]	9998	Founded as Librairie Bédulle[citation needed]
Solson Publications	US	1986	1987	[citation needed]
Spark Publications	US	1944	1946	[citation needed]
Spectrum Comics	US	1983	1984	[citation needed]
Spectrum Comics	US		-9998	[citation needed] Imprint of Archie Comics; defunct
Spilt Ink	Canada[193]	2004	9998	The butique digital and print ready inprint of comics creator and artist Salgood Sam.[194]
Spire Christian Comics	US	1972	1988[195]	Published original comics from 1972–1988
Spoof Comics	US	1992[196]	1993	Imprint of Personality Comics
Sports Comics	US		1993	Imprint of Personality Comics[197]
Spotlight Comics	US	1986	1987	[citation needed] Published Mighty Mouse and Underdog comics; declared bankruptcy in 1989[198]
Gangan Comics	Japan	1991	9998	Imprint of Enix until its merger into Square Enix in 2003.
St. John Publications	US	1947	1958	[citation needed]
Stanley Publications		1966	1971	[citation needed] Black-and-white horror magazine publisher. Titles: Chilling Tales of Horror; Ghoul Tales; Stark Terror
Star Publications	US[199]	1949[199]	1954	Founded after L.B. Cole acquired assets of Novelty Press[199]
Starblaze Graphics	US	1978	1989	[citation needed] Imprint of The Donning Company; mainly published trade paperback collections and original graphic novels. Titles: MythAdventures; Elfquest; A Distant Soil
Star*Reach	US	1974	1991	[citation needed] Mike Friedrich's imprint
Strawberry Jam Comics	Canada	1985	1992	[citation needed]
Street & Smith Comics	US	1940	1949	[citation needed]
Studio Ironcat	US	1997	2006	[citation needed] Also known as I.C. Entertainment
Sumerian Comics	US[200]	2020	9998	Currently publishes American Psycho, The Crow, Basic Instinct, and more.
Superior Publishers Limited	Canada	1945	1956	[citation needed] Reprinted American comics
Takeshobo	Japan	1972	9998	[citation needed]
Tekno Comix	US	1995	1997	[citation needed]
Teshkeel Comics	Kuwait	2005	9998	[citation needed] Known for The 99
Texas Comics	US	1983	1983	[citation needed]
Thoughts & Images		1983	1988	[citation needed]
Timely Comics	US	1939	1950	[citation needed] Later became Atlas, then Marvel
The Library of American Comics	US	2007	9998	[citation needed]
Titan Books	UK	1981	9998	[citation needed]
TKO Studios	US	2018	9998	[201]
Toby Press	US	1949	1955	[citation needed] Also known as Toby Comics
Todd McFarlane Productions	US[202]	1992	9998
Toho Comics	US	2013	9998	A Future is comics with Godzilla comics series in Warner Bros./DC Comics
Tokuma Shoten	Japan	1954	9998
Tokyopop	US	1997	9998
Tokyopop	Germany	2004	9998
Top Cow Productions	US	1992[115]	9998
Topps Comics	US	1993	1998	[citation needed]
Top Shelf Comics	US[203]	1997[204]	9998	[citation needed]
Totenkopf Verlag	Germany	1991	1996[205]
Tower Comics	US	1965	1969	[citation needed]
Trident Comics	UK	1989	1992	[citation needed]
Trojan Magazines		1950	1955	[citation needed]
Triumphant Comics	US	1993	1994	[206]
Tundra Publishing	US[207]	1990[115]	1993	Bought by Kitchen Sink Press in March of 1993[115] (Tundra UK was not part of this sale and folded[207]) [citation needed]
UDON	Canada	2000	9998	[citation needed] Left Devil's Due Publishing to form its own publishing company
Ultimate Marvel	US	2000	9998	Imprint of Marvel Comics[citation needed]
UPN-Volksverlag	Germany	1969	-9997	Becomes Volksverlag
Valiant Comics	US	1990[115] 2012	9998	[citation needed] Published by Voyager Communications. Became Acclaim Comics. Imprints: Armada, Windjammer (creator-owned line). Relaunched in 2012[208]
Vault Comics	US	2016	9998	[209]
Verotik	US[210]	1994[115]	9998
Vertigo Comics	US	1992[115]	2020	[citation needed]
Vimanika Comics	India[211]	2011	9998	Imprint: Vimanika Comics UK
Vimanika Comics UK	UK[212]	2012	9998	UK-based imprint of Vimanika Comics
Viper Comics	US	2003	-9998	[citation needed]
Virgin Comics	India,[213] US	2005[213]	2008	Renamed Liquid Comics on 25 September 2008[152]
VIZ Media	US	1986	9998	[citation needed] A.k.a. Viz Comics, Viz Communications, Viz LLC
Volksverlag	Germany[214]	1969	1984	Formerly UPN-Volksverlag; some titles moved to Alpha Comic Verlag
Vortex Comics	Canada[215]	1982[215]	1993
Wandering Star Press	US		1987	Imprint of ACE Comics
Warp Graphics	US	1977[216]	9998	Formerly WaRP Graphics. Former imprint Apple Comics, also known as Apple Press; became independent.
Warren Publishing	US	1957	1983
WildStorm	US	1992	1999	[citation needed] Became part of DC Comics on 06. October 1998; Imprint: America's Best Comics[115]
Wonder Color	US	1987	1987	Also known as Wonder Comics. Spearheaded by David Campiti; one of five publishers set up by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg/Sunrise Distribution.[46] Most titles acquired by Pied Piper Comics
Yaoi Press	US	2004	-9998	[citation needed]
Youthful	US	1949	1954	[citation needed] Imprint: Youthful Magazines/Stamp Comics
Zenescope Entertainment	US	2005[217]	9998	[citation needed]
ZOOLOOK	US	1996	9998	Publisher of the black comic book series Dread & Alive
Zuda	US[218]	2007	2010	Online imprint of DC Comics; also printing popular comics (Bayou; High Moon; The Night Owls; Celadore)[218]

See also

• Comics portal

• List of Golden Age comics publishers
• List of manga publishers

References

1. Homepage of 12 bis. Retrieved 11 October 2012
2. Timeline of 12 bis at whenintime.com Retrieved 21 November 2012
3. "Blue Comics | mudanças e novidades no Universo da editora". 20 September 2018.
4. "Informação não encontrada | Guia dos Quadrinhos".
5. Homepage of 1First Comics. Retrieved 11 June 2014
6. "CBR.com - The World's Top Destination For Comic, Movie & TV news". CBR. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
7. Homepage of 4Five1 Retrieved 16 April 2016
8. Michael Bay's 451 Media Group Announces Interactive Graphic Novels Archived 2016-08-12 at the Wayback Machine at Comic Book Resources Retrieved 14 April 2016
9. Baisden, Greg S. "Renegade Shuts Down". The Comics Journal #130 (July 1989), page 23. Fantagraphics Books
10. Homepage of Abacus Comics Archived 2012-04-05 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 20 June 2013
11. Alias Comics and Abacus Comics at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 11 October 2012
12. Homepage of About Comics Retrieved 11 October 2012
13. Murphy, Chris. "About Comics at the Ten Year Mark", Publishers Weekly: PW Comics Week (18 November 2008) Retrieved 11 November 2009
14. "Kochman To Head New Abrams Comics Imprint " at Publishers Weekly Retrieved 26 July 2008
15. Homepage of AC Comics Retrieved 11 October 2012
16. "History – AC Comics". www.accomics.com. 27 August 2011. Archived from the original on 10 June 2018. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
17. Ace Comics at digitalcomicmuseum.com Retrieved 19 June 2913
18. Homepage of Action Lab Comics at Action Lab Entertainment Retrieved 7 December 2012
19. Action Lab "About" page Archived 2012-03-09 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 4 August 2012
20. Homepage of AdHouse Books Retrieved 19 June 2013
21. 1001 Comics, p. 927
22. Adult Comics at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 6 December 2012
23. Adult Comics at the Comic Book Database Retrieved 9 June 2013
24. The Comics Journal #127 (February 1989), page 21
25. Reynolds, Eric. "The Rumors are True: Marvel Buys Malibu", The Comics Journal #173 (December 1994), pp. 29-33.
26. Adventure Publications at The Comic Book Database^{[permanent dead link]} Retrieved 19 June 2013
27. Homepage of Aftershock Comics Retrieved 16 April 2016
28. "Mile High Comics - AIDA-ZEE (RELIGIOUS COMIC) #1 - Bibliography". milehighcomics.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
29. Munn, Bryan (2010-01-05). "Barry Blair, 1959-2010". Sequential: Canadian Comix News & Culture. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2012-02-11.
30. Homepage of AiT/Planet Lar Retrieved 19 June 2013
31. "GCD :: Publisher :: AiT/Planet Lar". www.comics.org. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
32. Ajax-Farrell at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 19 June 2013
33. History of Ajax-Farrell^{[permanent dead link]} at The Comic Book Database Retrieved 19 June 2013
34. Homepage of Akita Shoten (in Japanese only)Retrieved 22 April 2014
35. Akita Shoten at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 22 April 2014
36. Alias Comics at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 11 October 2012
37. Homepage of Abacus Comics Archived 2012-11-02 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 19 June 2013
38. O'Nale, Robert. Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels, page 16
39. O'Nale, Robert. Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels, page 17
40. All Star DC Comics series at goodreads.com Retrieved 19 June 2013
41. Homepage of Alternative Comics Archived 2013-07-04 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 19 June 2013
42. "About Us" at Homepage of Alternative Comics Archived 2001-04-21 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 19 June 2013
43. Alternative Comics Returns: Ted May's Injury #4 Looks To Be First Out Of Gate. 25 July 2012, The Comics Reporter Retrieved 19 June 2013
44. Marvel/DC Crossover Publications at Google Books Retrieved 15 October 2012
45. Amazing at Grand Comics Database Retrieved 10 August 2013
46. Vaughn, J.C. (2015). "Dinosaurs for Hire: Tom Mason interview..." Overstreet Comic Book Marketplace Yearbook 2015-2016. Diamond Comic Distributors. Retrieved March 16, 2023.
47. Amazing Comics - Titles^{[permanent dead link]} at comiccollectorlive.com. Retrieved 10 August 2013
48. Andy (November 25, 2009). "Wacky Comic Wednesday: Barney the Invisible Turtle #1". ComicAttack.net. Archived from the original on 12 Sep 2013. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
49. Voger, page 30
50. Bell. Invaders, page 44
51. Anglo-American Publishing at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 10 October 2012
52. Homepage of Ankama Comics Archived 2014-03-25 at the Wayback Machine at Ankama Games Retrieved 22 April 2014
53. Marshall, Chris (2009-05-29). "Collecting the Publishers: Antarctic Press". Collected Comics Library. Archived from the original on 2011-03-20. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
54. Apex Novelties at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 10 October 2012
55. Zap Comix at The Comic Book Database^{[permanent dead link]} Retrieved 10 October 2012
56. http://www.comics.org/publisher/551/ Apple Comics at the Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 10 October 2012
57. Homepage of Approbation Comics Retrieved 10 October 2012
58. Homepage of Arcana Studio Retrieved 20 June 2013
59. "About" at Homepage of Arcana Studio Retrieved 20 June 2013
60. Arcana Studio at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 20 June 2013
61. Archaia Studios Press To Be Acquired by Kunoichi, Inc., Not Devil's DueComic at Comic Book Resources Retrieved 19 June 2013
62. Archie Superheroes at International Hero.co.uk Archived 2013-05-08 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 20 June 2013
63. Archie Adventure Series at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 20 June 2013
64. Markstein, Donald D. "Archie (MLJ) Comics". Toonopedia. Retrieved 2012-02-16.
65. Homepage of Archie Comics Retrieved 20 June 2013
66. Homepage of Arrow Comics Retrieved 20 June 2013
67. "Newswatch:Arrow Comics Returns", The Comics Journal #155 (Jan. 1993), p. 29.
68. Arrow Comics at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 20 June 2013
69. Homepage of Aspen Comics Retrieved 20 June 2013
70. "About Us" at the Homepage of Aspen Comics Retrieved 20 June 2013
71. "Previews: Aspen Comics" at comicbookresources.com Retrieved 20 June 2013
72. Rovin, Jeff. "How Not to Run a Comic Book Company". The Comics Journal, #114 (February 1987), pages 97. Fantagraphics Books
73. Marvel Founder's Grandson Unleashes Atlas Comics Archived 2011-06-04 at archive.today at atlasarchives.com Retrieved 10 August 2013
74. 1001 Comics, p. 897
75. Gustines, George Gene (March 20, 2019). "A Comic Book Publisher Creates Its Own Origin Story". The New York Times.
76. Homepage of Bedside Press Retrieved 19 February 2016
77. Bell. Invaders, page 48
78. "Michel Vrana's bio on the faculty page at The Center for Cartoon Studies website". Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-06-30.
79. "Black Eye Rolls with the Punches: Publisher Vrana Shifts Company Focus Following Turbulent Period", The Comics Journal no. 203 (Apr. 1998), p. 18-19.
80. Bradley, Drew (February 24, 2015), "Small Press Publisher Spotlight: Blue Juice Comics", Multiversity Comics. Retrieved April 14, 2017
81. Homepage of Boneyard Press Archived 2013-07-27 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 August 2013
82. Boneyard Press at the Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 11 August 2013
83. Vein Water, part 1 Archived 2012-03-30 at the Wayback Machine at homepage of Boneyard Press. Retrieved 11 August 2013
84. Homepage of Boundless Comics Retrieved 13 August 2013
85. C2E2: Lady Death Rises At Avatar's Boundless at comicbookresources.com, 15 April 2010 Retrieved 13 August 2013
86. "No. 39159". The London Gazette. 27 February 1951. p. 1061.
87. Homepage of Carlsen Verlag/Comic section (in German). Retrieved 7 December 2012
88. History of Carlsen Verlag Archived 2012-07-11 at the Wayback Machine at Homepage of Carlsen Verlsg.
89. The Chicken House Archived 2009-08-02 at the Wayback Machine at carlsen.de (in German).
90. 1001 Comics, p. 903
91. Celebrity Comics at The Grand Comics Database Retrieved 6 December 2012
92. Chaos! Comics to close doors after nearly 10 years Archived 2015-08-04 at the Wayback Machine at Pulp Culture, Franklin Harris, 22 August 2002 Retrieved 13 August 2013
93. Chaos! Comics at the Grand Comics Database Retrieved 13 August 2013
94. Ownership Rights of Chaos! Comics Characters at comicvine.com Retrieved 13 August 2013
95. Homepage of Class Comics Retrieved 19 June 2013
96. "Class Comics Publishing Chronology – Class Comics".
97. Comic Chronicles at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 6 December 2012
98. "Dark Horse's Comic's Greatest World". International Superheroes. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
99. "Comics' Greatest World (Concept) - Comic Vine". Comic Vine. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
100. Homepage of ComicsOne (abandoned). Retrieved 7 December 2012
101. "ComicsOne Titles Back from DrMaster" from icv2.com. Retrieved 7 December 2012
102. "ComicOne Transition to Dr.Master" at animenewsnetwork.com. Retrieved 7 December 2012
103. 1001 Comics, p. 906
104. CrossGen at the Big Comicbook Database. Retrieved 15 October 2012
105. "Newswatch: CrossGen Assets Sold", The Comics Journal #264 (Nov./Dec. 2004), pp. 44-45.
106. Marvel Announces a New Imprint. From Marvel.com Retrieved 15 October 2012
107. Dabel Brothers Productions at Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 7 December 2012
108. Dabel Brothers Productions at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 7 December 2012
109. Homepage of Dark Horse Comics. Retrieved 7 December 2012
110. "M PRESS Books". www.mpressbooks.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
111. "Legend (Dark Horse Comics) - Comic Book DB". comicbookdb.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
112. "Maverick (Dark Horse Comics) - Comic Book DB". comicbookdb.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
113. http://www.comics.org/publisher/60/ David McKay Publications at the Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 11 October 2012
114. http://www.lambiek.net/comics/disneyartists.htm/ David McKay Company's Mickey Mouse Series # 1 from 1931 pictured. Retrieved 11 October 2012
115. Groth, Gary, ed. (February 2000). "Comics in the '90s: a comics journal fold-out timeline". The Comics Journal (220). Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphic Books. fold out between pages 56 and 61. ISSN 0194-7869.
116. Bell, John (2002-06-24). "Beyond the Funnies: New Directions, 1989-2001". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
117. "Dreamwave Productions Closes Up Shop", Comic Book Resources, January 4th, 2005.
118. Homepage of DrMaster. Archived 2012-08-28 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 6 December 2012
119. "About us" at Homepage of DrMaster. Archived 2012-07-17 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 6 December 2012
120. Homepage of DrMaster/Last Releases. Archived 2012-07-17 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 6 December 2012
121. "ComicsOne Titles Back from DrMaster" at icv2.com. Retrieved 6 December 2012
122. "GCD :: Publisher :: Elliot". www.comics.org. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
123. Early History of Epic Comics at Internationalhero. Archived 2004-09-14 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 15 October 2012
124. Marvel to Tell 'Epic' Stories Once Again: Long-Awaited Imprint Relaunched. At Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 15 October 2012
125. Epic Comics at the Comic Book Database.^{[permanent dead link]} Retrieved 15 October 2012
126. "Event Comics - Comic Book DB". comicbookdb.com. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
127. Ash: Fire and Crossfire # 1 (Jan. 1999)
128. Ash: Fire and Crossfire # 2 (May 1999)
129. 1001 Comics, p. 706
130. "Ajax-Farrell (Excellent Publications) - Comic Book DB". comicbookdb.com. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
131. Homepage of Finix Comics (in German). Archived 2012-11-02 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 7 December 2012
132. Statutes at Homepage of Finix Comics (in German). Archived 2012-11-02 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 7 December 2012
133. Starlog Presents Comics Scene. Vol. 1. November 1982. p. 9. ISSN 0732-5622.
134. "Levin on Relaunching First Comics" at comicbookresources.com
135. Finke, Nikki (12 January 2008). "Fox Atomic's Marketing Operations Fold". deadlinehollywooddaily.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
136. Gruber, Fiona. "In a superhero-free world", Archived 2009-08-25 at the Wayback Machine The Australian (May 5, 2009).
137. Groth, Gary, ed. (February 2000). "Newswatch". The Comics Journal (220). Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphic Books: 5–6. ISSN 0194-7869.
138. Spurgeon, Tom (2004-11-21). "Highwater Books — An Appreciation". The Comics Reporter. Retrieved 2012-02-12.
139. Bell. Invaders, page 47
140. Humor Comics at bailsprojects.com/whoiswho. Retrieved 6 December 2012
141. 1001 Comics, p. 686
142. Carla Cino (2008-09-05). "Princess Princess Vol.1". Animeland.com (in French). Archived from the original on 2012-07-28. Retrieved 2012-02-11.
143. Groth, Gary, ed. (February 2000). "Newswatch". The Comics Journal (220). Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphic Books: 5–7. ISSN 0194-7869.
144. 1001 Comics, p. 910
145. "2011 Nominees and Winners". Joe Shuster Awards. February 2011. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
146. "Laizen Comics - Comic Book DB". www.comicbookdb.com. Archived from the original on 5 April 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
147. "Laizen.com: The Official Website of Laizen Comics - The Headquarter of 'The Dreamhoppers'". laizen.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
148. "GCD :: Publisher :: Laizen Comics". www.comics.org. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
149. Boyd, Kevin (2010-06-21). "Outstanding Publisher 2010: Montreal's La Pastèque". The Joe Shuster Awards. Retrieved 2012-01-14.
150. "Overview :: Company :: Dark Horse Comics". www.darkhorse.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
151. Homepage of Liquid Comics Retrieved 18 June 2013
152. About US Archived 2013-05-29 at the Wayback Machine at Liquid Comics Homepage. Retrieved 18 June 2013
153. Lucha Comics Website Retrieved 5 April 2024
154. "Ludovico Technique". Ludovico Technique. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
155. Bell, John (2002-06-24). "Beyond the Funnies: Canadian Golden Age of Comics, 1941-1946". Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on 2011-10-07. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
156. Marvel Adventures at Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 15 October 2012
157. Marvel Ends Current Kids Line of Comics. From Comic Book Resources, retrieved 15 October 2012
158. Marvel Adventures at Comics Book Resources. Retrieved 15 October 2012
159. Marvel Adventures at Marvelkids. Retrieved 15 October 2012
160. Marvel Age at Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 15 October 2012
161. History of Marvel MAX at iFanboy. Retrieved 15 October 2012
162. MAX at the Comic Book Database.^{[permanent dead link]} Retrieved 15 October 2012
163. Marvel's New Ratings System...explained! at Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 15 October 2012
164. Viau, Michel (2002-06-24). "Publishing comics". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 2012-02-08.
165. "Overview :: Company :: Dark Horse Comics". www.darkhorse.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
166. Katz, William A. and Katz, Linda Sternberg. Magazines for Young People: A "Children's Magazine Guide" Companion. Bowker, 1991. Second edition. 103. Retrieved January 6, 2011. "Now Comics, 332 S. Michigan Ave., Suite 1750, Chicago, IL 60604"
167. Ominous Press at Comic Collector Live. Retrieved 18 June 2013
168. 1001 Comics, p. 822
169. Gabilliet, page 106
170. Therrian, Kari (May 24, 2017). Mad Hatter Comic Collection: 2 Issue Collection Featuring Golden Age Superhero Comics Mad Hatter #1 & #2. Golden Age Reprints. p. 2. ISBN 9781546897590.
171. Steranko, James (1970–1972). The Steranko History of Comics 1 & 2. USA: Supergraphics. pp. 60–62. ISBN 9780517501887.
172. "Classic history of comics by Jim Steranko, in two volumes at InternetArchive.org". The Internet Archive. 16 October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 Dec 2019. Retrieved 16 Oct 2023.
173. Sanford, page 6
174. Sanford, page 1
175. http://www.iwcomics.com/history/%5B%5D
176. Personality Comics at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 6 December 2012
177. Personality Comics' Imprints at bailsproject.com/whoiswho. Retrieved 6 December 2012
178. Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels, page 493
179. "Home - Radical Studios, Inc.Radical Studios, Inc. - Radical Publishing". radicalpublishing.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
180. Real Life Comics at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 6 December 2012
181. http://www.reasonablypricedcomics.com/1/post/2012/03/convention-appearances-and-reasonably-priced-comics-5-cover.html Archived 2013-06-27 at the Wayback Machine News update: Conventions in local area. Retrieved 22 March 2012
182. Die Sprechblase # 176 (Dec. 2000, p. 27-40)
183. http://www.kaukapedia.com/index.php?title=Hauptseite/%5B%5D Kaukapedia
184. "Kauka Komikosmos". Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
185. Homepage of Rough Cut Comics. Retrieved 13 August 2013
186. GLASGOW-based Rough Cut Comics celebrates its first ten years in business in 2011 ... Archived 2013-08-13 at archive.today at crispcomics.com, 20 November 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2013
187. Rural Home at digitalmuseum.com. Retrieved 13 August 2013
188. Homepage of Scattered Comics Retrieved 29 July 2024
189. 1001 Comics, p. 647
190. "Dark Horse Announces Launch of Sequential Pulp Comics imprint line".^{[permanent dead link]}
191. 1001 Comics, p. 921
192. "Les Éditions Soleil". editions-soleil.fr (in French). Retrieved 1 May 2024.
193. spiltink.org. Retrieved 24 July 2016
194. "Something that Touches on Consciousness-Expanding Experiences": Salgood Sam on his Art and the Power of Anthologies at Broken Frontier. Retrieved 24 July 2016
195. "Spire/Barbour Christian comics". www.christiancomicsinternational.org.
196. Spoof Comics at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 6 December 2012
197. Sports Comics at The Grand Comics Database. Retrieved 6 December 2012
198. "Newswatch: Spotlight Declares Bankruptcy", The Comics Journal #126 (January 1989), p. 26.
199. Markstein, Don. "Blue Bolt". Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Retrieved 2012-02-12.
200. Homepage of Behemoth Retrieved 20 May 2020
201. Gene Gustines, George (December 19, 2018). "A New Comics Publisher Aims to Shake Things Up". The New York Times.
202. "McFarlane Toys -". McFarlane Toys.
203. 1001 Comics, p. 796
204. Gabilliet, page 107
205. "Comic Guide". www.comicguide.de. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
206. Reynolds, Eric (November 1994). "Newswatch: Comics Publishers Suffer Tough Summer: Body Count Rises in Market Shakedown: The List Goes On". The Comics Journal. No. 172. p. 18.
207. "Newswatch:Dave Elliott Forms Blackball Comics". The Comics Journal (165): 14. January 1994. ISSN 0194-7869.
208. Esposito, Joey (7 December 2011). "Your First Look at the New Valiant Comics". ign.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
209. Walsh, Cory (August 16, 2019). "From Vault to the screen: Missoula-based comics publisher gets titles under development". Missoulian.
210. "verotik Morella intro page". www.danzig-verotik.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
211. Homepage of Vimanika Comics. Retrieved 17 June 2013
212. Homepage of Vimanika Comics UK Archived 2013-05-16 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 17 June 2013
213. Millikin, Eric; staff (January 2009). Groth, Gary (ed.). "Journal Datebook: August, 2008-October, 2008". The Comics Journal (295). Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphic Books: 22. ISBN 9781560979852.
214. Volksverlag at comicguide.de. Retrieved 12 June 2015
215. Bell. Invaders, page 126
216. About Warp Graphics Archived 2013-05-27 at the Wayback Machine at Elfquest.com. Retrieved 17 June 2013
217. Murray, Jocelyn. "Home Made". Suburban Life. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
218. 1001 Comics, p. 911

Works cited

• Bell, John. Invaders from the North. Dundurn Press, 2007. ISBN 978-1-55002-659-7
• Sanford, Jay Allen. "Two Men and their Comic Books", San Diego Reader (19. August 2004)
• Booker, M. Keith. Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels. ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN 978-0-313-35748-0
• Gabilliet, Jean-Paul. Of Comics and Men: A Cultural History of American Comic Books. translated by Beaty, Bart; and Nguyen, Nick. University Press of Mississippi, 2010. ISBN 978-1-60473-267-2
• Gravett, Paul, ed. (2001). 1001 Comics You Must Read Before You Die. New York, NY: Universe Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7893-2271-5.
• Voger, Mark; and Schaffenberger, Kurt. Hero Gets Girl!: The Life & Art of Kurt Schaffenberger. TwoMorrows Publishing, 2003. ISBN 978-1-893905-29-0