Charles Dorman Robinson

Charles Dorman Robinson (alternate: Charles Dormon Robinson; nickname: C.D.) (July 17, 1847 - May 8, 1933) was an American panorama, cyclorama, landscape, and marine painter.^[2] He is known for his seascapes and landscapes of Northern California, including over a hundred paintings of Yosemite Valley. He was known as "the dean of Pacific Coast artists".^[3]

Charles Dorman Robinson
Born	(1847-07-17)17 July 1847 East Monmouth, Maine
Died	8 May 1933(1933-05-08) (aged 85) San Rafael, California
Nationality	American
Education	Charles Christian Nahl, William Bradford, George Inness, Mauritz de Haas, Régis François Gignoux, Eugène Boudin
Known for	Panorama, cyclorama, landscape, and marine painter
Notable work	Panorama of Yosemite
Movement	Hudson River School; En plein air
Awards	1902, Gold Medal, California State Agricultural Society exhibition
Patron(s)	Rudolph Keppler, New York; George E. Lemon, Washington; John J. Tucker, New York; William Strange, New York; John H. Ricketson, Pittsburgh; T. F. Jeremiah, New York; Ludwig Ulmann, New York[1]

Early years

Robinson was born in East Monmouth, Maine in 1847. He grew up in San Francisco after he moved with his family in 1850 at three years old.^[4] His father, the druggist Dr. David G. "Yankee" Robinson, established some of San Francisco's first theaters: The Dramatic Museum, in 1850; the Adelphi, in 1851; and the American in 1852. His mother was Mariette (née Dorman).^[5] Both of his parents' families were Colonialists; the Dormans were English army people and the Robinsons were Puritans.^[1]

While in San Francisco, Robinson attended Union Grammar School (1854–61) and received his first art lessons from Charles Christian Nahl.^[6] After his father disappeared, Robinson moved to Vermont with his mother where he attended North Troy Higher Academy (1861–64). In art, he was a student of William Bradford, 1862, Boston; George Inness, Boston, 1862-3; Mauritz de Haas and Régis François Gignoux, New York.^[7] He studied under Eugène Boudin for a year at the age of 19.^[8] He consulted with Samuel W. Griggs, Wallace Albert King, Jasper Francis Cropsey, Albert Bierstadt, and James Hamilton.

Career

Early in his career, Robinson established his reputation as a professional painter after exhibiting marine paintings of the San Francisco Bay. In the 1860s and 1870s, he made painting trips through Central America and Mexico.^[9] By 1876, he had regular painting exhibits, the works influenced by the styles of Hudson River School and En plein air. His illustrations and writing were included in Overland Monthly and The Century Magazine.^[10] Robinson received art awards from the California State Agricultural Society in 1878; and he received the gold medal for best collection of paintings in the exhibit of 1902. He lost 30 years worth of his sketches and paintings in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.

Robinson was known for his seascapes and landscapes of Northern California. His paintings include, Ruins in Central America, 1870; Cyclorama of Yosemlte Valley, 56 feet (17 m) by 388 feet (118 m), 1894; Burning of San Francisco, 12 feet (3.7 m) by 30 feet (9.1 m), 1906; and Grand Canyon of Arizona, 11 feet (3.4 m) by 11 feet (3.4 m). In 1892, assisted by five other well-established artists, Robinson began what would be one of the largest pictures ever painted in California, the Panorama of Yosemite.^[11] One of his paintings hangs in Buckingham Palace,^[8] 67 of his paintings are in Great Britain; his paintings were presented to Queen Victoria and to King Prajadhipok of Siam. An untitled seascape and The Wet Sand are part of the collection at the Oakland Museum.^[12] Other collections of his work include the 1860 California Panorama at the Bancroft Library, while others are held by the Society of California Pioneers, Maritime Museum of San Francisco, Crocker Art Museum, the Bohemian Club, and the Nevada Museum of Art.^[2]

A 1921 home fire destroyed many of his California paintings. Robinson served as President of the Palette Club of San Francisco; and Dean of the Artists of California, since 1906. He was a member of the Bohemian Club and the San Francisco Art Association.^[7]

Personal life

"It takes a crank to move the world, and I would rather be a crank than a nonentity." (C.D. Robinson, Yosemite)

^[13]

He married Kathryn Evelyn Wright, cousin of Elmer E. Ellsworth,^[1] in 1874 in Ohio, and they moved to Alameda, California the next year. Since 1876 he made his home in San Rafael and had an office on Montgomery Street in San Francisco.^[7] Starting in 1880, Yosemite was his summer residence for the next 24 years; and he resided in Paris during the 1900 Exposition. He died at his San Rafael home in 1933. He had at least one child, a daughter, Lillian.^[14]

Partial works

• (1878), Argonaut sketch book : [of the] Mechanics' Fair, August, 1878
• (1882), The Wawona hotel. An illustrated sketch of the sights and scenes around the Mariposa big trees station

References

1. The Overland monthly (Public domain ed.). Samuel Carson. 1896. pp. 35–. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
2. Palmquist, Peter E.; Kailbourn, Thomas R. (2000). Pioneer photographers of the far west: a biographical dictionary, 1840-1865. Stanford University Press. pp. 457–. ISBN 978-0-8047-3883-5. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
3. Zellman, Michael David (1986). 1842 - 1874. Chelsea House Publishers in association with American Art Analog. p. 446. ISBN 978-1-55546-002-0. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
4. "Charles Dorman Robinson: Ruins-Palenque, Yucatan - International Art Museum of America". 2021-12-26. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
5. "Charles Dorman Robinson: Ruins-Palenque, Yucatan - International Art Museum of America". 2021-12-26. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
6. "Charles Dorman Robinson: Ruins-Palenque, Yucatan - International Art Museum of America". 2021-12-26. Retrieved 2024-01-31.
7. Harper, Franklin (1913). Who's who on the Pacific Coast: a biographical compilation of notable living contemporaries west of the Rocky Mountains (Public domain ed.). Harper Pub. Co. pp. 483–. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
8. Godfrey, Elizabeth H . (April 1944). "THUMBNAIL SKETCHES OF YOSEMITE ARTISTS - CHARLES DORMAN ROBINSON" (PDF). Yosemite Nature Notes. XXIII (4). THE YOSEMITE NATURALIST DEPARTMENT AND THE YOSEMITE NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION: 38–40.
9. Manthorne, Katherine (1 November 1989). Tropical renaissance: North American artists exploring Latin America, 1839-1879. Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 103–. ISBN 978-0-87474-714-0. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
10. "Charles Dorman Robinson - A View of Mt. Tamalpais with Passing Clouds". Arader Galleries. Archived from the original on 21 December 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
11. Martin, Gloria Rexford; Gerdts, William H.; Santa Barbara Museum of Art (June 1996). A painter's paradise: artists and the California landscape : essays. Santa Barbara Museum of Art. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-89951-093-4. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
12. "Charles Dorman Robinson". Oakland Museum of California (OMCA) Collections. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
13. Godfrey (1944), pp. 4
14. Lekisch, Barbara (September 2003). Embracing scenes about Lakes Tahoe & Donner: painters, illustrators & sketch artists 1855-1915. Peter Browning. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-0-944220-14-6. Retrieved 28 January 2012.