This is a list of civil wars or other internal civil conflicts fought during the history of the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire (330–1453). The definition of organized civil unrest is any conflict that was fought within the borders of the Byzantine Empire, with at least one opposition leader against the ruling government. For external conflicts, see the list of Byzantine wars. For the period before the division of the Roman Empire in West and East, see List of Roman civil wars and revolts (753 BCE – 476 CE).
- 1022: Revolt of Nikephoros Xiphias and Nikephoros Phokas Barytrachelos against Basil II.
- 1026–1027: Revolt of Basil Skleros.
- 1034: Popular revolt under Elpidios Brachamios at Antioch.
- 1034–35: Rebellion of Serbs under Stefan Vojislav.
- 1038–39: Rebellion of Serbs under Stefan Vojislav.
- 1040: Revolt of Gregory Taronites in Phrygia.
- 1040–1041: Uprising of Peter Delyan, a Bulgarian rebellion in the western and southern Balkans.
- April 1042: Popular uprising in Constantinople against Michael V Kalaphates, who was deposed. Empress Zoë Porphyrogenita was restored as empress, and her sister Theodora Porphyrogenita was crowned co-empress against her will.
- Mid-1042: Revolt of the governor of Cyprus, Theophilos Erotikos, crushed by new emperor Constantine IX Monomachos.
- 1042–1043: Rebellion of George Maniakes against Constantine IX Monomachos, crushed when Maniakes died in battle in near Thessalonika.
- 1047: Revolt of Leo Tornikios against Constantine IX.
- 1057: Revolt of Hervé Frankopoulos.
- 1057: Revolt and successful usurpation by Isaac I Komnenos (Battle of Petroe).
- 1066: Revolt against heavy taxation in Thessaly under Nikoulitzas Delphinas.
- 1071–1072: Byzantine war of succession, after Byzantine emperor Romanos IV Diogenes was defeated in the Battle of Manzikert (26 August 1071) and deposed when John Doukas enthroned Michael VII Doukas in Constantinople (24 October 1071). The war consisted of the Battle of Dokeia and the Sieges of Tyropoion and Adana, all of which Romanos lost. Simultaneously, the Uprising of Georgi Voyteh (1072) took place in Bulgaria, which was also crushed by Michael VII.[1]
- 1072: Uprising of Georgi Voyteh.
- 1073–1074: Revolt of Roussel de Bailleul proclaims Caesar John Doukas Emperor.
- 1077–1078: Revolt and successful usurpation by Nikephoros III Botaneiates.
- 1077–1078: Revolt of Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder against Michael VII Doukas and Nikephoros III, defeated at the Battle of Kalavrye.
- 1078: Revolt of Philaretos Brachamios against Michael VII Doukas.
- 1078: Revolt of Nikephoros Basilakes against Nikephoros III.
- 1080–1081: Revolt of Nikephoros Melissenos against Nikephoros III.
- 1081: Revolt and successful usurpation by Alexios I Komnenos.
- 1091–92: Rebellion of vassal Vukan in Serbia.
- 1092: Rebellions of Karykes at Crete and Rhapsomates at Cyprus.
- 1095: Cuman invasion of Thrace in support of the impostor pretender Constantine Diogenes.
- 1095–1098: Revolt of Theodore Gabras, governor of Chaldia.
Brian Todd Carey, Joshua B. Allfree, John Cairns (2012). Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare (527–1071), p. 339–340. ISBN 978-184884-215-1.
- Bartusis, Mark C. (1997). The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204–1453. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-1620-2.
- Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991), Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6
- Kaegi, Walter Emil (1981), Byzantine Military Unrest, 471–843: An Interpretation, Amsterdam: Adolf M. Hakkert, ISBN 90-256-0902-3
- Savvides, Alexios G. K. (1995). Μελέτες Βυζαντινής Ιστορίας 11ου - 13ου αιώνα. 2η Έκδοση με διορθώσεις και συμπληρώσεις [Studies in Byzantine History of the 11th–13th centuries. 2nd Edition with corrections and additions] (in Greek). Athens: M. Kardamitas Publications. ISBN 960-354-019-6.
- Treadgold, Warren T. (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-2630-2.
