1-Butene

1-Butene (IUPAC name: But-1-ene, also known as 1-butylene) is the organic compound with the formula CH₃CH₂CH=CH₂. It is a colorless gas. But-1-ene is an alkene easily condensed to give a colorless liquid. It is classified as a linear alpha-olefin (terminal alkene).^[2] It is one of the isomers of butene (butylene). It is a precursor to diverse products.

1-Butene

Names
Preferred IUPAC name But-1-ene[1]
Other names Ethylethylene 1-Butylene α-Butylene
Identifiers
CAS Number	106-98-9 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	1098262
ChEBI	CHEBI:48362 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL117210 Y
ChemSpider	7556 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.137
EC Number	203-449-2
Gmelin Reference	25205
PubChem CID	7844
UNII	LY001N554L Y
UN number	1012
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1026746
InChI InChI=1S/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3 Y Key: VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3 Key: VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYAZ
SMILES C=CCC CCC=C
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H8
Molar mass	56.108 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless Gas
Odor	slightly aromatic
Density	0.62 g/cm3
Melting point	−185.3 °C (−301.5 °F; 87.8 K)
Boiling point	−6.47 °C (20.35 °F; 266.68 K)
Solubility in water	0.221 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene
Refractive index (nD)	1.3962
Viscosity	7.76 Pa
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H220, H221, H280
Precautionary statements	P210, P377, P381, P403, P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 4 0
Flash point	−79 °C; −110 °F; 194 K
Autoignition temperature	385 °C (725 °F; 658 K)
Explosive limits	1.6-10%
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Reactions

Polymerization of but-1-ene gives polybutylene, which is used to make piping for domestic plumbing.^[3] Another application is as a comonomer in the production of certain kinds of polyethylene, such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).^[4] It has also been used as a precursor to polypropylene resins, butylene oxide, and butanone.^[5]

Manufacturing

But-1-ene is produced by separation from crude C₄ refinery streams and by ethylene dimerization. The former affords a mixture of 1-and 2-butenes, while the latter affords only the terminal alkene.^[6] It is distilled to give a very high purity product. An estimated 12 billion kilograms were produced in 2011.^[7]

References

1. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. pp. 17, 61, 374. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
2. "1-BUTENE". chemicalland21.com. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
3. Whiteley, Kenneth S.; Heggs, T. Geoffrey; Koch, Hartmut; Mawer, Ralph L.; Immel, Wolfgang (2000). "Polyolefins". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_487. ISBN 978-3527306732.
4. Chum, P. Steve; Swogger, Kurt W. (2008). "Olefin polymer technologies—History and Recent Progress at the Dow Chemical Company". Progress in Polymer Science. 33 (8): 797–819. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.05.003.
5. "1-Butene product overview". shell.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
6. "Alphabutol process - Big Chemical Encyclopedia". chempedia.info. Archived from the original on 2017-12-08. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
7. Geilen, Frank M.A.; Stochniol, Guido; Peitz, Stephan; Schulte-Koerne, Ekkehard (2014). "Butenes". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_483.pub3. ISBN 978-3527306732.